Writings on the Veda and philology, and translations of Vedic hymns to gods other than Agni not published during Sri Aurobindo's lifetime.
On Veda
Writings on the Veda and philology, and translations of Vedic hymns to gods other than Agni not published during Sri Aurobindo's lifetime. The material includes (1) drafts for 'The Secret of the Veda', (2) translations (simple translations and analytical and discursive ones) of hymns to gods other than Agni, (3) notes on the Veda, (4) essays and notes on philology, and (5) some texts that Sri Aurobindo called 'Writings in Different Languages'. Most of this material was written between 1912 and 1914 and is published here for the first time in a book.
THEME/S
[1]
अ absolute existence इ relative existence उ pervasive, contained or progressive existence r क possession, mastery, creation, action r ख attack, invasion, insistence, attrition or detrition r ग contact, motion, action upon r घ violent contact, hostile action, strong motion r च swift and brilliant action, existence, contact r छ the same with a greater lightness r ज restless, brilliant, decisive action, existence or contact r झ the same with a greater lightness r ट hardness, force, crudity—rajasic r ठ the same with a greater impetuosity—d[itt]o r द dulness, persistence, obstinacy—rajaso-tamasic r ढ obstinacy, tenacity s त touch, impact,—lighter than c s&r थ the same with greater force s&r द hard forcible impact or action s ध softer but strong impact or action s न gentle but effective relation s प soft touch or impact, kindly relation, possessive action s&r फ the same with greater force s ब soft, strong embracing contact, possession, action s भ the same with a sense of containing s म limitation, finality, completion
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s य relation s ल love, sweetness etc in relation s र vibration, play s व manifest existence r श vehemence in union r ष strong action in rest r स repose, union r ह force
[2]
Sound ṭ. ḍ. ṭh. ḍh.
Contact t. d. th. dh. l. s. h.
Light c. j. jh. ch.
Pervasion Motion l. ṛ. v (pervasion) p. ph. b. bh. (violent motion, motion upward or motion and contact) r (vibratory motion) n.
Substance a. i. u. k. g. gh. kh. m.
ap to move, flow, fly habitually .. move to, gain .. possess, marry, love .. beget, father.
ar to move round .. (be moving continually in a circle), to writhe, struggle .. fight .. turn; plough; till; wind; .. adore, worship.
as to be, exist .. live, live on .. eat; enjoy—(aś)
am to move up to, under etc .. to submit, be subject to .. consent, acquiesce .. adore, worship, love, to contain, embrace.
an to be, breathe, live ..
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अः Name of Vishnu (Virat-purusha—अ in ओम्). Name of Shiva, Brahma, Vayu or Vaishwanara.
N[ote]. It is doubtful whether अः in the sense of Vishnu had in its origin any connection of dependence with अ, the first letter of the sacred syllable; both rather proceed from a single & common origin, अ to be, in the widest sense of the idea, being primal, all pervading, vague and indefinable. Hence it is applicable to any of the three great deities who occupy & represent infinite & universal being, Vishnu, Shiva or Brahma; by a natural figure emphatic of the sense of व्याप्ति it became applicable to Vaiswanara or Virat Purusha. By transference to the idea of pervasive life & movement to Vayu, the god of wind, breath & the life principle. Cf अन्, अनुः, अनिलः, प्राणः.
अ The first letter of the Onkára, representing material world being; from a to be, & bearing the sense of initial & pervasive being.
अ, अन् (1) a negative prefix, expressing defect, absence or opposition.
(2) a prohibitive particle.
(3) an interjection of (a) address, O! (b) pity, Ah! (c) censure, Oh! Fie!
The idea of defect or disparagement or deprecation visible also in the root उ (ऊन etc) may derive (a) from the idea of unfinished & therefore imperfect being, (b) from the use of अ as a separative & therefore exclusive enclitic, lit. = let be, exclude that, not that.
अंश् 10 U. to divide, distribute, share.
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[3]
An—
अन् to breathe अन् the soul, being Rv. विश्वे चनेदना to move, go about to live (to gasp, pant — Vd) अनः breath. Bri. U. अननं प्राण, उदान etc.
अनक mean, base.
अनलिः Name of a tree. बकवृक्ष
अनल fire .. wind .. bile ..n of several plants fifth Vasu .. N of Vasudeva—soul.. Vishnu..Supreme spirit
अना Vedic —thus, hereby, indeed
अनस् cart .. आनस boiled food.. rice .. kitchen birth living being .. parent आनस
अनिकं group, mass.. army (-कः) battle row, line, column front, head .. face, countenance form, splendour edge, point. अनीकवत् Vd अनीकशः in rows, columns अनीकिनी army, lotus.
अनिल wind .. Vishnu आनिल
अनुः a man son of Yayati.
आनवः men, people—foreign people human.. kind to men?
अनुक (अनुकन् Gr.) greedy, lustful sloping.
अनु after, behind, along, with according to — by reason of towards, near, at.
आनूकं in abundance. Vd.
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अनूच्यं plank or board at side of bed or head — अन्वक् after .. afterwards from behind favourably, -ble.
अन्वंच् following horizontal, lengthwise behind.
अनूपः, watery place, marsh, bog,
अन्वीप attainable, friendly.. near water.
अनो no, not
आनः mouth.. breath.. nose .. breathing
आननं mouth, face .. book, chapter
आनकः kettledrum thunderbolt
अन्नं food, corn, rice .. water, earth.. आन्न
अन्नः the sun
अन्य another अन्येद्युः, -द्युष्क अन्यादृश्, -क्ष्, -श अन्योन्य
अन्यत्, अन्यदीयः अन्यक -तर, -तम -तरतः -तरेद्युः -तः, -तस्त्य -त्र -था, -थयति -दा -र्हि
अण् to sound, breathe, live.
अणक (अनक) small, mean, insignificant आणक low, inferior, vile सुरतबंधः—पार्श्र्वसंस्थयोः
अणिः point of a needle, linchpin corner of house limit
आणिः linchpin corner of a house limit, boundary edge of sword part of leg just above knee
अणु minute, small, atomic अणीयस्, अणिष्ठ आणव very small आणवं smallness
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अणुः atom, particle .. instant a small grain
(eg mustard etc) also अणुकः अणिमन् minuteness, atomic nature.. Anima fineness smallness अणुक very small, atomic.. subtle .. acute
आणवीन fit to bear अणु (Panicum Miliaceum)
अण्वी Vd finger (Say.)? (Apte query)
अण्वं fine hole in Soma strainer (?) (do)
[4]
Notes
अहम् from OS [Old Sanskrit] अह् to breathe. Proof—from derivatives
अहः = originally life (cf प्राणः), then day
अहिः = वायुभक्षः, that which breathes, lives by breathing, snake
अहम् = breath, spirit (आत्मा), self, within, I .. I is the latest sense.
अनु = that which breathes, lives, then the principle of life or existence, that which is sukshma, so, the atom
अस् OS desiderative, to wish to breathe, to live, to be.
असु breath, life, strength. असुरः NB. Persian अहुरः from अह् not अस्
अस् to blow, (wind), rush, throw.
अहना She who breathes, is strong. शक्ति, देवी. Pallas Athene
अन् to breathe, OS intensitive, eg हन् from ह or हा (strike), मन् from म [or] हा (measure), जन् from ज or जा. Cf हत, मत, जात, जाये etc.
अहा vigour, life, joy OS
अहालु joyous. Cf Tamil அக்களிப்பு joy
अहल्य or अहन्य joyous OS Cf अहल्या
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[5]
αἴρω (ἀρῶ,ῆρχα) raise, lift—excite, impel .. hang up, heighten .. take, bear, carry .. conceive, perceive .. take off, destroy .. weigh anchor, strike tents, start, set off.
Rt अर् used of all strong action, state, motion, feeling etc. So to raise, lift, increase; to throw, remove, destroy. All the other senses follow. Cf उदारः noble, exalted, excellent, Lt [Latin] ara, an altar (high place).
αἴρoμαɩ, to undertake, commence; bear, suffer; carry away. A frequent sense of this root from the sense of taking up, leading or acting (starting action). Cf ἄρχoμαɩ, I begin, lit. I lead.
इ-Family of Sanscrit Roots
Being
इ to be, appear
इ (obsolete, extant in Latin, Bengali and Tamil) .. “This here”. इतस् hence, henceforward .. from this person.
इत् Vedic —emphatic particle = indeed, verily.. even; just, only
इति thus, so. (इत् +इ) इतिथ, इतिह, इतिवत् —Perhaps इतिहास, ऐतिह्य
इत्थं, इत्थात् thus, so, in this manner
इत्था thus, indeed, truly.
इद् even, just, only.
इदं this .. here, now, there, herewith इदंतन, इदंता, इदंयु, इदा, इदानीम्, इदानींतन, इदंमय
इयत् so much, so large, to this extent इयत्ता, इयत्त्वं, इयत्तक, ऐयत्यं
इमथा
इह here इहत्य, ऐहिक
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इव like, as if .. a little, perhaps .. just, exactly, indeed.
ई this, him — in Vedic ईम्
ईदृक् such a condition. ईदृश्, ईदृश, ईदृक्ष, ईदृक्ता
ईम् verily, now, this, here. Cf इमथा
*ईति produced, effected
एष this, he एतद्, दतदीय, एतादृश्, एतावत् एतर्हि
एः Vishnu ऐः Shiva
एना thus, then. Cf एनं etc.
ईर्म here, in this place (perhaps Motion)
Birth, Production
इ to appear.. spring from, arise from (but cf ईर्)
ई to become pregnant ईति produced, effected
(इतिहास history, narrative, tradition ऐतिहासिक इेतिह्यं tradition)
इष्कृ to prepare, arrange* cf इरज्यति and इन् to dispose इष्कृतिः mother.
इडः people, subjects— cf प्रजा, विशः
ईर् to produce (C[ausative]) .. to rise, spring from (but see Motion)
Growth. See also words meaning plants.
इ to thrive, prosper. इभ्य wealthy, opulent इभ्यक
एध् to grow.. prosper, swell, rise, extend. एधतु increased.. a man .. prosperity. (एधस् fire) एधस्, एधा prosperity, happiness — (एधस् fuel, also एध:) एधमान, एधित
+इद्ध wonderful इद्धं wonder इद्ध in इद्धशासनं
इष् affluence, increase इष्यति to swell, increase.
+इष्मः spring इष्यः, इष्यं
इरज्यति to grow.
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Mass, Thickness, Dullness.
इंड्रः, इंड्रं, इंड्वं a round small plate to protect hand in taking fire-irons
एड deaf
एडुकः, -कं (also एडूकः, -कं, & एडोकः, -कं) a building made of rubbish, bones or hard substance .. a tomb or wall round bones .. a sanctuary filled with relics-कं (also एडूकः, -कं, & एडोकः, -कं) a building made of rubbish, bones or hard substance .. a tomb or wall round bones .. a sanctuary filled with relics
इल् to keep still, quiet .. sleep इलय motionless.
इष्टका brick इष्टिका, ऐष्टकं
इचिकिल: pond, mud.
+इड्, इडा, इडिका earth (lit. matter). इला, इरा (but also possibly Motion)
इड् food इडा, इला, इरा, ईड्
इष् sap, refreshment, drink .. food. इषयति, इषिर, इरा (also water), इरावत्, इरस्या
Strength, Force and Power.
ईण्मत् having a lord or master
इंद् to be powerful इन्द्रः Indra .. lord, prince .. the soul .. greatness इन्द्रिय, ऐन्द्र, इन्द्रतम, -त्वं, इन्द्रस्वत्, इन्द्रयु इन्द्राणी, +इन्द्रकं (hall). इन्द्रस् Vd. sense to be determined. इन्द्रियं power, force .. organ of sense .. virile power, seed.
इंधः the Supreme Being.
इन् to be lord, take possession of .. to invigorate .. (to force, compel). इन able, strong, bold इनः lord, master, king ऐन्य, इनक्षति (try to reach or get)
इन्व् seize, take possession of.
+इभ्यः king Vd इभः power or servants. Cf Gr (Greek) strength.
इरज्यति to be master of (prepare, arrange, dispose). Perhaps रज्
इर्य active, powerful.. lord, master.
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इष् strength, power, sap इष strong, powerful इषयति to be active, animate, strengthen इषिर powerful, strong, active इष्टिः invitation, order
ईश् to be able, have power .. own .. rule, be master. ईश्, ईश, ईशनं, ईशानः, ईशितं, ईशितव्यं, ईशिता, ईशित्वं, ईशिन्, ईश्वर, -ता, -त्वं ऐश्वर, -रिक, ऐश्वर्यं, ऐश, ऐशान.
Force put forth, Action, Exertion
ईहा effort, exertion .. deed, act, undertaking ईहितं d[itt]o ईहः attempt.
Pressure, Constraint, Confinement, Attack, Injury, Penetration
एठ् to resist, oppose .. annoy (Injury)
+ईतिः plague, distress .. infectious disease, affray. See below -ईन्त्
ई to eat — Cf इन्दूरः
ईज्, ईंज् to censure, blame.
इडाचिका wasp.
एणी a kind of poisonous insect
इन् to force, compel
ऐन्द्री misfortune, misery
ईन्त् to bind
इन्दूरः rat, mouse (इन्द् to gnaw)
एनस् sin, offence, fault, crime .. censure, blame .. Unhappiness एनस्य, एनस्वत्, ऐनसं
(ईति plague etc)
इत्वर cruel, harsh .. low, vile, despised .. poor (cf तपनः etc) eunuch.
इभ्यः enemy, foe.
इर्गलः, -ला bolt, bar.
ईर्मः, ईर्मं wound, sore ऐर्म्र्यं a plaster for wounds.
इर्य destroying the enemy. Vd.
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इर्वारू, - लु destructive, carnivorous. इर्वारूकः a cave animal
ईलिः weapon.. cudgel .. short sword.
इषिरः fire ईषिरः
ईष् to hurt, attack, kill } Motion ईषिका weapon, arrow, dart } Motion
एषय to be probed एषणं probing (driving, pressing) एषणी a probe
Emotion.
Wish, Desire, Love
इ to ask, beg. एतृ asking, requesting इयक्षु longing for, seeking to obtain
इक्षृः wish, desire
ईः Kamadeva
ई to desire, wish .. beg
एतृ asking, requesting
+इयक्षु longing for, seeking to obtain. Perhaps यक्ष्
इच्छ् to wish (only in इष्) इच्छा wish, desire, will question, problem — (Math) इच्छक, इच्छत्, इच्छु, इच्छुकः, ऐच्छिक
ईड् implore, request, ask for. ईड् prayer इडा, ईडनं, ईडा, ईडेन्य (+इड् object of devotion)
ईप्सा wish, desire ईप्सु ईप्सित, -तं
इष् to wish, desire, strive for, seek, request.. acknowledge, regard, be favourable. इषुः, इषणिः, इषण्या, इषि इष्ट, इष्टं, इष्टिः, इष्टुः इषा, इष्य
इषूयति, इषुध्यति to implore, ask, desire oblations इषुध्या, इषुध्यु
ईह् to desire, wish, aim at, attempt. ईहः, ईहा, ईहित, एह
एष् to desire, request, attempt.
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एषः, एषं, एषा, एषणं, एषणः, एषणा, एषणिन्, एषणीय, एष्टिः, एषितृ, एषिन्, एष्य
Worship
इज्य to be worshipped
इज्यः teacher, Brihaspati .. Pushya .. God .. Vishnu.
इज्या worship, reverence .. image
इड् object of devotion
Joy, Mirth.
इन् to gladden इन्दुः in Veda. Tamil
एलायति to be merry, frolicsome, mischievous. Perhaps however from motion
Anger, Jealousy
इरज्यति to be jealous
इरस्यति to be angry, insolent, hostile
ईर्ष्य्, ईर्क्ष्र्य् to be jealous, envy. ईर्षा, ईष्र्या, ईष्र्य, ईष्र्यक, ईष्र्यु, ईर्षालु, ईर्षु
एहस् anger
Motion
इ to go, approach, go towards, reach .. run, wander .. retire, pass, return इत्, इत, इतिः, इत्य, इत्वन् इयस्, इतं (mode of going, course, way), इत्वर (traveller), एत इत्वरी an abhisarika इत्या litter, palanquin. इत्वरी an unchaste woman एमः, एमन् a course, way
अय् to go (इ I U.) अय, अयन अयनं going, walking .. walk, path, road .. entrance .. method, shastra, treatise .. sun’s passage, solstitial points, rotation, period .. final emancipation
ए to come, approach etc. एतिः, एत, एतृ, एव, एवः (horse .. custom)
ई to go, pervade. एतनः a kind of fish.. breath,
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to throw expiration ईति:, ईवत्, आायः, आायनं, आायिन्, आायत्।
=
एणकः black antelope — but see et: under Light
इंग् to move, shake इंग, इंगनं, इंगित, इंग्य इंगित palpitation, shaking इंगितं, इंगः sign, gesture, hint इंगा a kind of counting
= ईज्, ईंज् to go इज्या Ameeting, union .. bawd, procurer.
इंचाकः a shrimp
एज् to tremble, shake, move, stir. उदेज् to go अपैज् to drive एजक, एजत्क, एजथुः, एजनं, एजित, एजि
इख् to go, move.
= इट् to go, go to, towards.. make haste .. to err. (इड्)
इडा a cow इडक्कः a wild goat इड् rainy season इट्चरः a bull allowed to go at liberty एडः a kind of sheep एडकःa ram, wild goat. (एलकः)
(इण्) एणी,river, flowing stream एणः black antelope (एणकः) but see Light (एत) एणी, ऐण, ऐणिक, ऐणेय
= इन् to go, advance .. press upon, rush upon. to drive इनक्षति to try to reach, strive to get. Perhaps from नक्ष्
इन्व् to go, pervade, surround. (इन्दूरः? rat—already under Attack etc).
= इभः elephant
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ऐभ इभ्य इभ्या
= इर् to go इरज्यति to lead इरा earth, water .. spirit, liquor इरावत् इरिन्, instigating. इर्य
ईर् to go, move, shake .. rise, spring from.. retire to elevate the voice Cs [Causative] to throw, cast, propel .. urge, prompt .. attract, elevate, revive .. produce. ईरण, ईरणं, ईरित, ईरिन् ईरणः wind ईर्या wandering about (as a mendicant) ईर्म agitated ईर्मः arm, forequarter (part used in throwing)
इल् to go, move, throw, send, cast एलकः a ram, wild goat.
= इष IV to move, to cause to move.. IX fly off, escape .. IU. to go, move IV.IX let fly, cast, throw, IX strike .. IV sprinkle .. IV raise the voice, IX impel, incite. इषित इष् speedy इषण्यति to move, excite, drive इषण्यति इषणिः sending, despatching इषण्या impulse इषुः arrow iqFkA reed, arrow इषव्य, इषुक, इषुधिः, इषुध्यति इषिर quick, moving. इषिरं quickly इष्टिः impulse, hurry इष्मः course, going इष्मिन्
ईष् to fly, escape .. creep. ईष्म: course, going
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ईषण, ईषणिन् hastening ईषणा haste
एष् to go, approach, hasten towards .. creep, glide .. fly at, attack .. endeavour to reach or gain एष, एषः, एषण, एषिण्, एष्य
Speech (Motion) see ईर्, इष्
इडा, इला, इरा speech
ईर् utter, proclaim, say. ईरित (send up or out the voice. See Motion).
Knowledge, Memory (Motion)
इत remembered
इतं knowledge
इंगः knowledge इंगनं
+र्ईक्ष् to see, observe, perceive. (But perhaps to penetrate, Penetration) ईक्षकः, ईक्षणं, ईक्षतिः, ईक्षितं, ईक्षित, ईक्षितृ, ईक्षेण्य, ईक्षिका, ईक्षणिकः
+ईष् to look, see. (Penetration)
Voice
इन्दिन्दिरः a large bee
ऐलवः noise, cry
इलव loud, noisy.
Perfume
(इत्) इत्किला name of a perfume
(इल्) ऐलवालुकः, ऐलेयः names of a perfume
एलवालु (n) the fragrant bark of the Kapittha
एला cardamom seed & plant एलीका
एलुकं a kind of perfume. a medicinal substance or plant.
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Light (beauty) (इ), ई to shine
एकः one (originally the sun) — इन्दु एकक, -तर, -तम, एकतः, एकता, एकत्वं, एकत्र, एकदा, एकधा, एकल, एकशः, एकाकिन्, एकीय, एकीयः, ऐक्यं
= (इज्) एज् to shine
= इन्ध्, (इध्) to kindle, light
इन्ध, इध्, इन्धन, -नं (also clean, clear, bright), इध्या
इध्मः, इध्मं, इन्धः fuel इन्धनं, एधस्, एधः
इन्धः the supreme being
इद्धं sunshine, heat.. refulgence .. *wonder
*इध्दं wonderful, obeyed.
एधतुः fire
(इन्द्) इन्दीवरं blue lotus इन्दीवारः, इन्दंबरं
इन्दिरा Lakshmi
इन्दु, moon ऐन्दव one (cf एक)
(इन्) इनः sun .. glorious .. the constellation Hastá (ऐन्य)
इन्वकाः the stars in the head of Orion
(इत्) एत dappled, shining
एतः deer, antelope .. deer-hide .. variegated colour cf चएणकः, एणः
= इर् इरम्मदः flash of lightning, submarine fire (therefore not speed)
ऐरावती lightning
ऐरवतः Iravat (ऐरावणः), rainbow.. a kind of lightning orange tree (therefore not motion)
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(इश्) ईशानं light, splendour.
(इल्) एलविलः (ऐडविडः, -लः) Kuvera
ऐलविलः, ऐलः, ऐलेयः Mars
क
क class meaning
कः Brahman, Vishnu the soul mind body knot, joint Kamadeva कं happiness, joy, pleasure wealth, property कंय्य happy, prosperous sun fire light, splendour king, prince कुमारः bird, peacock, king of birds word, sound time (कालः) cloud water ind, air hair head head (as in कंधरा, कंधि, कंध)
क suffix diminution (वृक्षकः, बालकः) deterioration (अश्वकः bad horse) endearment (पुत्रकः) likeness (अश्वकः like a horse) no modification (अश्वकः a horse)
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Gutturals
कक् I A. to wish कम् desire to be proud feeling to be unsteady (कक् to go) movement ? ?ककरः a kind of bird. (perhaps कृ)Vd sound
कक्क् to laugh sound कक्कटः a kind of animal कक्कुलः bakula tree कक्कोलः, -ली a berry bearing plant लं, लकं the berry — a perfume from the berries कंकोली
कक्ख् to laugh कक्खट hard, solid laughing कक्खटी chalk कक्ष् (non-existent) कक्षः hiding place (cf कक्षा) कक्ष्य, कक्षायते secret. V to contain, cover (with the idea of circle, hollow) interior of forest arm-pit कक्षा (boils in arm-pit) harem of king कक्षा side or flank (of anything) gate part of boat girdle कक्षा (elephant’s rope or girth) cf कक्षा waist कक्ष्य filling the girth (V. Say.) surrounding wall कक्षा, कक्ष्या orbit of planet end of lower garment कक्षा (tucked behind = also tying up waist)
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basin of a balance कक्षा, कक्ष्यं climbing plant, creeper (contain, embrace, surround) grass, dry grass कक्ष्य (consisting of dry grass or of shrubs) V. dry wood, forest of dead trees (injure, hardness— pressure, projection) buffalo (to dig, grub, burrow) marshy ground (cut, plunge, sink?) a plant (beleric myrobalan)
कक्षा, waist, middle part (contain, surround) enclosure कक्ष्या, कख्या (contain, surround) court-yard, area (contain, surround) room, inner apartment, harem, secluded part of edifice (contain, surround) कक्ष्या (i.a. of palace) कख्या a particular part of a carriage (contain, surround) कक्ष्यं (also hinder part) upper garment कक्ष्या (contain, surround) border, lace (of cloth) कक्ष्या (contain, surround) wrist (contain, surround) similarity कक्ष्या (to press, nearness, adjacent) emulation, rivalry (injure, strive, fight) objection or reply in logic (injure, press, cut) the jeweller’s weight, rati (from कक्ष्या a black or red berry)
कक्षं star (light, twinkling?) sin कक्षायते (to injure, hurt)
कक्ष्या fingers cf कंगुल (contain, curl, clutch, hold) cf अंगुलि
कक्षीकृत agreed to, promised (contained, taken in, clutched, held)
कक्षायते to lie in ambush कक्ष (contain, enclose)
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to intend anything wicked कक्षं (injure, hurt etc.) कक्षीवत् the Rishi
कख् to laugh at, deride कक्क् कक्ख् (harsh sound) कख्या enclosure, division of large building (contain, enclose)
कग् to act, perform (cut, make, do)
कंक् to go (movement)
कंकः heron (sound) Yama (injury, movement) a Kshatriya .. a Vrishni .. Yudhisthira (injure, fight) a false or pretended Brahmana (injury, bad, wicked) name of a people one of the eighteen divisions
कंका a sort of sandal (contain, bind, tie) scent of a lotus (smell)
कंकट, mail, defensive armour, (contain, enclose) -टकः military accoutrement elephant’s goad (अंकुश) (injure, cut, prick)
कंकणः bracelet, marriage string, (surround, contain or sound) (-णं) ornament crest (jut, project)
कंकणः water-spray (sound, move, project)
कंकणी, small bell, tinkling ornament, (surround or sound) -णिका ornament furnished with bells कंकणिन्
कंकतः, -तं, -ती, -तिका comb (to press, cut, scrape)
कंकतः a kind of tree a poisonous animal (to injure)
कंकर bad, vile, despicable (to injure)
कंकरं butter-milk (taste) a high number =100 niyutas (mass)
कंकालः skeleton (to contain)
कंकालयः body (to contain)
कंकूष the inner body (to contain)
कंकेरूः a kind of crow (to contain)
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कंकरोलः Alangium Hexapetalum
कंकलोडा a kind of drug
कंकुः a kind of corn
कंकुष्ठः, -ष्ठं, कंगुष्ठः, -ष्ठं a kind of medicinal earth
कंकेल्लः, ल्लि Asoca tree
कंकोली see कंक्कोली
कंख् not used कंखं enjoyment; fruition (desire, enjoy)
कंग् not in use कंगु, कंगुनी a kind of Panic(?) seed कंगुलः the hand cf कक्ष्या (to contain, clutch, enclose)
Root Injury Sound
कद् I.A. to hurt or kill to grieve .. cry, weep. to call IV.A. to be confounded, confused, suffer mentally.
कदनं slaughter, havoc .. war .. sin Injury (Pressure) कदकं canopy, awning. Contact = Pressure कदंबद: = Covering. कदंब: codome, turmeric, mustard seed -कः plant, kind of grass, mineral substance कदंबकं codome flower, kind of grass कदंबकं, कदंबं multitude, group. Contact.. or Mass. कदरः a saw .. an iron goad name of a tree (used for sacrificial post in place of Khadira) Pressure = Injury.
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कदरः, -रं a corn (on the feet) Mass, Hardness. कदरं coagulated milk. Mass, Density. कदलः, -कः, -ली plaintain-tree (कंदलः) कदली a kind of deer. कदलिन् a kind of antelope कदली, कदलिका flag, banner. कदलीक्षता a sort of cucumber, a beautiful woman.
Root कंद् I.P. to cry, lament.. confound .. be confounded, perplexed.
कंद् -अ, -अक, -ट्ट, -ओत, -अर, -अर्प, -अल, -इरी, -उ, -उक
कंदः, -दं bulbous root, bulb; knot, swelling garlic taste, smell an affection of the male or female organ. कंदिन् an esculent root; bulbous rooted.
कंदः, camphor Colour, Whiteness? cf कंदट्टं, कदोतः
कंदकः a palanquin. Motion? Covering?
कंदट्टं, कंदोतः white waterlily कंदोटः, –ट्टः Colour, Whiteness कंदोटं blue lotus white or blue lotus
कंदरः, -रं a cave, valley .. कंदरा, -री Injury.
कंदरः a hook for driving elephants. Injury.
कंदरं dry ginger. Taste. कंदलः reproach, censure .. portent. Injury कंदली plaintain-tree कंदलं Kandala flower new shoot, sprout.. cheek, cheek and temple Mass collection. sweet sound Sound
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कंदलित budded, blown.. put forth, emitted.
कंदलः gold Colour war, battle, controversy कंदली flag see कदली Deer see कंदली motion? lotus seed
कंदिरी name of plant कंदुः boiler, oven. कदुकः, कं ball mass कंदुकं pillow mass
The Vowel Group. कु
(1) कुः earth. Inclusion (कुजः Mars, a tree कुजा Sita, Durga) Roundness
*कु (vague कुतः whence.. where.. existence why .. how .. or direction) कुतस्त्य whence come; how happened कुत्र where. कुत्रत्य
कोविदः wise, proficient, expert. Inclusion Vd कुविद् cf कविः Roundness (कु or को whole, entire .. circle .. complete science)
(2) कुः base (of any plane figure).
N. कविः etc which may originally have derived from the primary root कु by gunation, are nevertheless included for convenience under the root कव्
Significances of the primary form कु . Roundness, inclusion, comprehension
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The Gunated Form. कव्
(1.a) कवचः, armour, mail.. charm, Covering, inclusion. कवचं amulet कावचिक armorial कावचिकं an armed multitude
कवसः armour. कवष: shield Covering, inclusion. कावारी a staffless umbrella. Covering, inclusion. कवटी, leaf or panel of a door Covering, inclusion. कवाटः (कपाटः, कुवाटः)
(b) कवडः water for washing the mouth (lit. a mouthful) Inclusion (in the mouth)
कवलः, कवलं a mouthful .. gargle Inclusion(in the mouth) कवलित eaten, swallowed, chewed.. seized Inclusion(in the mouth) कवलयति to eat, devour. Inclusion(in the mouth) कवकः mouthful. कव्यं oblation of food to the Pitris Inclusion(in the mouth) कव्यः a class of Manes (but cf काव्या)
(c) कवरकी prisoner (cf करमरिन्, कारा) Inclusion, Confinement. कवी, कविकः, कविका the bit of a bridle कवियं, कवीयं the bit of a bridle
(d) कवि intelligent, wise; a sage, poet. Inclusion, Comprehension. कविता poetry कव् to praise, describe .. compose, paint, picture काव्य prophetic, poetical, praise worthy काव्या intelligence कायं poem, poetry, wisdom, inspiration
कवरः lecturer.
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(2) कवर, कबर mixed.. set, inlaid.. variegated mixture
कवरः, कवरी, (कबरः, कबरी) braid or fillet of hair mixture, twisting, weaving.
(3) कवसः prickly shrub. Piercing, hurt, injury कवन्तु bad deed कवारि Vd. selfish, stingy. काव्या a female fiend.
(4) कवारं lotus. कवेलं lotus Brightness. कवोष्ण tepid Heat. कावेरं saffron Colour कावेरी turmeric
(5) कवचः, कवचं kettledrum Sound कवष्, कवष Vd. sounding, creaking. कावृकः cock.. Chakravak.
(6) कवरः, -रं salt .. sourness, acidity. Taste
(7) काव्यं happiness, welfare. Emotion.
(8) कावेरी a courtesan. Sexual enjoyment
(9) कवकं mushroom कावारं moss Substance (Thickness, tuftiness)
(10) कवनं water. Motion (swelling or circling)
Significances of the gunated form कव् Inclusion, by covering, taking in, confining, comprehension. Thick, tufted or rough substance.. Circling or swelling motion.. Strong taste .. Shrill or loud sound .. Brightness, bright colour or burning heat.. Mixture, connection.. Penetration, hurt, injury.. Strong emotion .. Sexual enjoyment.
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The Guttural group
कुक् कुक्क्
(1) कुक्कुटः a cock.. कुर्कुटः, कुक्कुटकः Sound. a small house-lizard. कौक्कुट (adj), कौक्कटिक: poulterer.
कुक्कुभः a cock.
कुक्कुरः a dog. कुर्कुरः
कोकः cuckoo .. frog .. wild lizard .. ruddy goose .. wolf.
कोकिलः cuckoo.
(2) कुक्कुटः a wisp of lighted straw.. spark Light —
कोकिलः firebrand. कुकूलः (लं) a fire made of chaff — see below (a) blaze.
कुंकुमं saffron .. saffron-plant. (b) Colour. कोकनदं red lotus. कोकाहः white horse कुक्कुभः varnish (c) Brightness
(3) कुक्कुरं a vegetable perfume Scent
(4) कुकभं a spirituous liquor. Intoxication. Disturbance.
(5.a) कुकूलं armour, mail. Covering, inclusion
(b) कुक्षः belly Inclusion, hollowness
कुक्षिः belly.. womb.. interior.. cavity, cave .. scabbard. कुक्षिंभरि gluttonous, voracious .. filling the interior. कौक्ष abdominal.. attached to the sides. कौक्षेय in the belly, in the sheath कौक्षयकः sword.
कुकूलं hole, ditch (filled with stakes).
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c. कुक् to take, accept, seize. I.A. Inclosing, grasp, clutch, etc.
(6) कुकीलः mountain Substance. कुकूलः (लं) chaff. (Projection .. Roughness, confusion, mass)
Doubtful—
कुकुदः कुकूदः giver of a girl in marriage ?कुकु child, infant (cf B. खुकी) from Sound.
कुक्कुटः silk-cotton tree.
The Palatal Group.
(1) कुच् to cry shrilly VI.P. Sound कुंज् to murmur I.P. कूज् to hum, coo, warble, moan.. fill with sound I.P. कूजः, कूजनं, कूजितं cooing, warbling.. rattling of wheels.
(2) कूच् to go VI.P. Motion with contraction (winding, crouching etc) कुंच् to move crookedly, move towards
(3.a) कुच् (VI.P.), कुंच् (I.P.) to contract, bend, curve .. make small, lessen. Pressure (contraction etc) to shrink .. to stop, impede कुंचनं curving, bending. कोचः drying, withering, aridity. कोच drying, withering
(b) to mix, connect. (mixture, contact, connection)
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(c) to polish. (friction)
(d) to write, delineate. (cutting, shaping)
(e) कुंचिका key, a kind of reed.. the shoot of a bamboo.. (penetration, sharpness) कूचिका, कूची key.
कुंजः tooth, tusk.. *lower jaw (? substance, projection)
कुंजरः elephant. कौंजर (adj)
(4) कुचः breast, teat, nipple. Roundness (Shape or Pressure)
(5) कुच्छं a kind of lotus.
कूचिका, कूची a pencil, small brush Substance (roughness, thickness eg tufted, hairy etc)
कुज्झटिः, कुज्झटिका, कुज्झटी mist, fog
कुंजलं sour gruel
(6) कुंचिः a measure of capacity, 8 handfuls. (originally, name of a vessel?) Inclusion
कुजंभलः, कुजंभिलः house-breaker
कुंजः, कुंजं bower, arbour .. cave.
Doubtful
कुंचनं a disease of the eye.
काजागरः a festival (Lakshmi Puja).
कु Family — arranged by classification of significances and by root groups —
Guttural group.
कुक् to take, accept, seize. I.A.
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कुकुदः one who gives a girl in marriage. कुकूदः (कुक् or कुद्)
कुकभं a kind of spirituous liquor.
कुकीलः a mountain (कुक् or कील्)
कुक्कुटः a wild cock, cock. (कुक्कुटी)— Sound. either कुक्क् or कुट् also कुर्कुटः, कुक्कुटकः a small house-lizard Sound a spark Light a wisp of lighted straw.. (fire) the silk-cotton tree.
कुक्कुभः a wild cock.. a cock.. sound. varnish. Light? (shining)
कुक्कुरः a dog — also कुर्कुरः (कुक्क् or कुर्) a vegetable perfume. Scent.
कुक्षः the belly. Hollow. Contain
कुक्षि belly.. womb .. interior.. cavity, cave .. sheath of sword. Hollow. Contain
कुक्षिंभरि gluttonous, voracious.. filling the interior. Hollow. Contain
कुकुमं saffron .. saffron plant. Light (colour)
कोकः cuckoo कोकिलः; frog; wild lizard Sound. ruddy goose (chakravaka). Wolf. (कुक् or कह्)
कोकनदं red lotus Light (colour)
कोकाहः white horse कुक् or कह् Sound or Light (colour)
कोकिलः firebrand Light (fire)
+कौक्कुट of a cock. कौक्कुटिकः a poulterer.
+कौक्ष attached to the sides.. abdominal
कौक्षेय in the belly, in the sheath .. कौक्षेयकः sword.
Palatal group.
कूच् to cry shrilly. VI.P. sound to go, (march) cf vernacular कूच् movement march.
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to polish light (shine) pressure to contract, bend.. shrink.. stop, impede. pressure write, delineate mix, connect. (cf कुहरं proximity, copulation) mix (substance, contact)
कुंच्, कुच् IP. to shrink, contract.. make small, lessen Pressure crookedness to bend, curve. move crookedly. crookedness move towards. motion.
कुचः female breast, teat, nipple. कूचः Roundness?
कुच्छं a kind of lotus.
+कुंचनं curving, bending .. a disease of the eye.
कुचिः measure of capacity (eight handfuls)
कुंचिका a key .. कूचिका, कूची Substance (Narrowness, penetration Sharpness.) the shoot of a bamboo. a kind of reed a kind of fish
कूचिका, कूची a pencil, small brush Substance (rough, thick, hairy)
+कोच drying, becoming dry कोचः drying, withering, aridity.
कुजः a tree. Light (colour) Mars a name of Naraka
कुजा Sita, Durga. Light? (colour)
कुजंभलः, कुजंभिलः housebreaker. (जंभ?) cf कुंजः Cover, Contain.
कुज्झटिः, कुज्झटिका, कुज्झटी mist, fog Substance (to be thick, hazy, confused)
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कुंज् to murmur I.P. Sound
कुंजः, कुंजं bower, arbour ..cave.. lower jaw Projection tooth .. tusk. Tearing, Penetration.
कुंजरः elephant.. cf करी, करेणुः करभः Penetration (goring with tusks) कौंजरः
कुंजलं sour gruel. Substance (to be thick, mixed)
कूज् I.P. to hum, coo, warble, moan.. Sound. fill with sound.
कूजः, कूजनं, कूजितं cooing, warbling .. Sound. rattling (of wheels).
कोजागरः a festival (जागृ?)
Cerebral group.
कुट् to be crooked, curve, bend VI.P. Pressure, curve. to cheat, deceive, act dishonestly Crookedness, or Injury, deceit to break, split, divide Breaking, splitting (Pressure) √to speak indistinctly Sound √to be warm, burn. Light (Fire)
कुटिक bent, crooked Pressure (curve)
√कुटः, कुटं waterpot, jar. Contain
कुटः √house, fort Contain mountain hammer Pressure (breaking) tree
कुटहारिका female servant.
कुटकं a plough without a pole. Pressure (breaking)
कुटकः the post round which the string of the churning stick passes. (peg?) कुटरः Penetration
√कुटंकः roof, thatch. कुटलं cover, contain.
√कुटंगकः (a lost कुटंकः) arbour .. cottage. cover, contain.
कुटपः √ a garden near a house (enclosure?) cover, contain.
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√measure of grain (कुडपः) sage, ascetic
√कुटपं lotus
√कुटरूः Vd. cock (pecker?) Pressure tent. cover, contain
कुटरः see कुटकः
√कुटलं roof, thatch कुटकः cover, contain
√कुटिरं cottage, hut कुटीरं, कुटीरः, कुटीरकं d[itt]o
√कुटिः body.. cottage, hut. कुटी contain tree — curve, bend Pressure (curve)
कुटिल crooked, curved, tortuous कुटिलकः do insincere, dishonest. do (or Injury)
कुटिला a kind of perfume Scent
कुटिलं name of a plant Substance (hardness) tin
कुटिलिका stealth, crouching a blacksmith’s forge. Pressure (beating)
— कुटी curve √cottage, hut .. कुटीका Contain vessel used for fumigation nosegay Substance or Scent √a kind of perfume Scent. √spirituous liquor. cf कुकभं procuress. कुटुनी, कुट्टुनी
कुटिरं (see कुटिरं) sexual intercourse — exclusiveness. include, contain
कुटीका see कुटी
कुटुनी procuress. कुटुनी, कुट्टुनी
√कुटुम्बं household, family contain (or else, sexual intercourse)
√कुटुम्बं, कुटुम्बः kinsman.. offspring, race .. fig. group. name
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कुटुम्बिन्, कुटुम्बिकः householder ..caretaker. member of a family peasant.
कुटुम्बिनी mistress of a household .. lady. a large household.
कुट्ट् to cut, divide .. grind, pound. Pressure (break, beat) blame, censure. do √burn multiply Connection
कुट्ट dividing, cutting, grinding Pressure
कुट्टनं cutting, pounding .. abusing
कुट्टः multiplier
कुट्टकः grinder Pressure kingfisher Pressure or Motion
कुट्टाकः one who divides or cuts do
कुट्टिता unskilful opening of a vein do
कुट्टमितं affected repulse of embraces. कुट्टिमितं
कुट्टारः a mountain कुटः
कुट्टारं sexual intercourse कुटीरं a woollen blanket Substance or Covering — exclusion or oneness. Contain, include
कुट्टिमः, कुट्टिमं inlaid floor, pavement. Substance (thick, granular, variegated) prepared site Substance (thick, granular, variegated) jewel-mine Substance (thick, granular, variegated) pomegranate Substance (grain) √hut, cottage, small house Contain
कुट्टिम paved, mosaic.
कुट्टिहरिका maid-servant, slavegirl कुटहारिका
कुट्टीरः small mountain. कूट, कुट्टारः Substance.
कुट्टीरकं small house, hut Contain.
√कुट्मल see कुड्मल
कूट् √X.U. to burn
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to confuse, muddle to be distressed, despair to counsel, advise √to call, invite. X.A. to censure to abstain from giving
कूट false कूटक despised immovable, steady. Substance
कूटः, fraud, deception, trick..
कूटं falsehood, untruth कूटकं intricate point, puzzle summit.. any projection.. end, corner. Substance (projection) horn.. head, chief .. (कूटकं prominence, elevation) heap, mass. कूटशः in heaps. Substance hammer Pressure (beat) ploughshare कूटकं Pressure (break) √water-jar Contain —deer-trap Conceal, cover —concealed weapon (eg swordstick) Conceal, cover —door (shut off, include)
कूटः √house, dwelling Contain an ox with broken horns Pressure (to break)
कूटक false, fraudulent
कूटकः braid or tress of hair Substance or Pressure √perfume. Scent.
कुट्टुटिः (-टी) hypocrisy
कौट्टृटिकः hypocrite, falsely humane mendicant
कुटुंगकः arbour .. creeper wound round a trunk. cover, curve. thatch, roof .. hut .. granary. cover, contain
कूटशाल्मलिः a tree with sharp thorns (torture in Hell)
Page 634
कूटपाकलः, -पर्वः, -पूर्वः a bilious fever of elephants
कुंटक fat, corpulent Substance.
कुंठ् I.P. to be blunt, dulled.. be dull, idle, lame, mutilated Pressure. to loosen (relax) do X.P. to hide Cover, conceal
कुंठ blunt, dulled.. stupid, weak, indolent
कुठकः a fool
कुंठित blunt, dulled.. stupid mutilated grasped, held.. Contain (seize) encircled Contain (roundness)
कोटः √fort .. hut, shed Contain crookedness Pressure (curve) beard. Substance—rough, hairy
कोटक curving, bending
—√कोककः a thatcher .. name of a mixed caste
कोटरः, कोटरं hollow of a tree Contain. Hollowness.
कोटरी, कोटवी a naked woman .. Durga .. sexual intercourse. कोट्टवी
कोटिः, कोटी curved end of a bow .. end, point, edge .. Pressure (curve or prominence) pitch, extremity .. horn or digit of moon ten millions कोटिश: side of a right-angled triangle complement of an arc t 90˚.
कोटिक forming the highest point कोटिमत् edged, pointed
कोटिरः horn-shaped hair of ascetic ichneumon. Pressure (gnawing)
Page 635
Indra
कोटिशः, कोटिशः harrow Pressure (breaking)
कोटीरः diadem, crest .. hair of ascetic. Projection
√कोट्टः fort, castle Contain
कोट्टवी see कोटरी also कौटवी
कोट्टारः libertine (sexuality) well .. Contain. Hollowness stairs of a pond do fortified town, stronghold. Contain.
कोठः ringworm.. a kind of leprosy (large round spots)
+कौट living in one’s own house, independent domestic, homely fraudulent .. snared
+कौटः fraud, falsehood .. perjury
+कौटकिकः, कौटिकः a trapper, poacher a meatseller.
+कौटिक belonging to a trap .. dishonest, fraudulent
+कौटिल्यं, कौटल्यं crookedness.. dishonesty, wickedness.
+कौटिलिकः hunter blacksmith.
+कौटभी, कौटीर्या Durga
√+कौटुम्ब belonging to the household
√+कौटुम्बं family relationship
√+कौटुम्बिक constituting a family householder.
कुड्
कुड् to play, trifle cf क्रीड्, कुर्द VI.P. ? motion
√कुडंगः a bower, arbour (cf कुटंगकः, कुटुंगकः)
√कुडवः, कुडपः a measure of grain (8 handfuls) (? originally a vessel) substance or contain
Page 636
√कुडिः body कुटिः contain
√कुडी hut कुटी contain
√कुडिका waterpot contain.
—कुडुपः clasp of an ornament contain, confine
√कुड्मलः opening bud (मल flower) contain
√कुड्मल expanding, blossoming
√कुड्मलं a particular hell.
√कुड्मलित in blossom.. smiling, cheerful
√ .. half-closed.
—कुड्यं wall.. plastering कूड्यं confine, enclose eagerness, curiosity (cf कुतूहलं) emotion.
कुड् VI.P. to graze to become firm or solid .. to substance become fat. (thickness) — कुण् to support, aid VI.P.
कुण् to sound. VI.P. sound. √converse with, counsel, advise sound X.P. कूट् (hum, whisper) √salute, invite X कूट् (call) sound.
कूण् to speak, converse sound to contract, close कुंच् pressure
कुणिः, कूणिः, कोणि a cripple with crooked arm. कुणिः whitlow pressure कौण्यं distortion or paralysis of the hands. Substance (projection)
कुणकः young animal just born.
कुणपः, -पं corpse कौणपः goblin, demon. Pressure (slay)
कुणपः spear.. कौणपः Pressure (pierce) foul smell, stench. scent.
कुणारू Vd. crying out Rv. 3.30.8.
कूणिका horn of an animal Projection or Penetration peg of a lute. Substance or Penetration
Page 637
कोणः corner, angle .. Penetrate, Sharpness bow of lute intermediate point (compass) sharp edge stick, staff, drumstick Pressure Mars.. Saturn. a sort of musical instrument.
कुंड् to burn.. maim, mutilate. I.A. Pressure (cut) to eat do to heap Substance — to protect X.U. Cover, enclose
—कुंडः basin, bowl.. hole, pool Pressure. Curve. Hollow
कुंडः bastard कुण्डिन्
कुंडा Durga
कुंडकीटः keeper of concubines.. atheist.. bastard Brahman
कुंडकीलः a vile fellow.
कुंगोलं, -गोलकं gruel.
—कुंडलः (-लं) bracelet, earring .. rope-coil .. fetter, tie curve, enclose
—कुंडलिन् earringed .. circular, winding, coiling. do a snake, peacock, spotted deer. Varuna, Shiva.
—कुंडलिनी Shakti do
कुंडलना drawing a circle to show “omission”
—कुंडिका pitcher.. kamandalu. Contain
कुंडिन् horse. motion. Shiva.
कुंडिर, कुंडीर — strong.
The Dental Group.
कुत् कुतपः fire .. sun. cf कुंड् Burning
Page 638
guest .. Brahmana Dwija daughter’s son .. sister’s son ox. grain a musical instrument the eighth muhurta of the day कुतप: a suitable time for Sraddha कुतपं:
कुतपं Kusha grass.
कुतुकं desire, inclination .. curiosity, eagerness. emotion
कुतुपः, कुतूः small leathern oil-bottle. Contain
कुतूहलं desire, eagerness, curiosity .. a curiosity delight .. pleasure emotion कूतूहलिन् desirous, eager, curious
कौतूहलं (कुतूहलं) a solemn ceremony
कूतूहल wonderful .. celebrated.. praised, excellent.
कुत्स् to abuse, revile, censure कुत्सा, कुत्सनं abuse, reviling कुत्सना expression of contempt कुत्सित vile, mean. कुत्सितं censure.
कुंत् कुन्तः a lance, spear कौन्तिकः spearman, lancer Pressure (pierce) small animal, insect ? smallness a kind of grain ? smallness passion emotion
कुन्तलः hair, lock Substance (tufted, hairy) drinking cup contain plough pressure (break) barley Substance (rough)
Page 639
a perfume scent.
कुंतलिका butter knife Pressure — pierce
कुथ् कुथं, कुथः, कुथा elephant’s housings, carpet. Cover कुथ् to stink, be putrid substance. कुथः Kusha grass कुशः Penetration or Light (colour) कोथः putrefaction, corruption, sore, gangrene Substance disease of the eyes. churning Pressure
कोथ churned, afflicted. do
कुंथ् कुंथ् to suffer pain, hurt do cling to. Contact.
कुद् कुद्दारः कुद्दालः, कुद्दालकः spade, hoe Pressure (दृ, दल् to tear, pierce) Kanchan tree.
कुद्दालकं a copper pitcher Contain
कुधलं see कुड्मलं
कद्रंकः, कुद्रंगः watch house a dwelling raised on a scaffold projection
कुध्रः mountain possibly for कुधरः (कुभृत् mountain, king)
कूद्दालः mountain ebony
कूदी fetter hold, confine
कूदरः son of Br. woman by Rishi, begotten during enstruation.
कोदंडः, (-डं) bow .. (m.) eyebrow.
कोदारः a kind of grain
कोद्रवः a kind of grain (कोरदूषः) कौद्रविकं sochal salt.
Page 640
कौदालिकः a fisherman .. man of mixed caste
ककुन्दरं hollow bellow hips — कुकुन्दरः, कूपकः Curve, Hollow
कुन् कुनकः crow
कुनालिका cuckoo.
कोनालकः, -का, -कं an aquatic bird.
कुंद् कुदः, कुंदं a jasmine scent or colour
कुदः lotus .. कुदिनी a multitude of lotuses scent or colour a fragrant oleander scent Vishnu कुंदरः Play? a turner’s lathe curve. one of Kubera’s treasures. Light (brightness)
कुंदमः cat. motion
कुंदुः rat, mouse motion.
The Labial Group.
कुप् कुप् IV.P. to be angry, excited.. emotion Cs. to irritate, excite
कुप् X.U. to shine Light to speak. sound
कोपः anger.. morbid irritation. emotion कोपन passionate, angering — physically irritating emotion
कोपनक angry do a kind of perfume scent.
कोपिन् angry.. angering .. physically irritating emotion a water pigeon
कुपः Vd. the beam of a balance
कुपिन्दः a weaver कुविन्दः ? Curve, rolling
कुपिनी net for small fish
Page 641
कुपिनिन् fisherman
कुपूय despised, contemptible .. mean.
कूप्यं base metal.
कूपः well.. cave, hollow. curve, hollow leather oil-vessel contain mooring post.. tree or rock in middle of river projection. mast.
कूपी small well.. navel flask, bottle
कूपकः well .. hole, cavity.. cave .. leather oil-vessel. hollow, contain hollow below the loins ककुन्दरः hollow mooring stake .. mast.. rock or tree in midst of river (Subst) projection funeral pile. (Subst) heap boat. hollow, contain
कूपिका stone or rock in mid stream.
कूप्य in a well or hole
कूपारः ocean कूवारः: (cf कुपिन्दः & कूविन्दः) cover or curve, roll — cf χῦμα
कूपूषं bladder. substance (swelled)
कौपं well-water
कौप of a well.
कौपीनं pudenda.. cover, conceal loin cloth.. ragged garment cover, conceal sin cover, conceal
कुब् कुबेरः Kuvera कूवेरः
कुब्कज humpbacked, crooked ..कौब्ज्यं curve
कुब्जः hump.. curved sword curve कब्जकः name of a tree
कुब्जिका eight-year old unmarried girl.
कुब्रं forest.. substance (thick) hole for sacrificial fire .. ring Curve thread cart. contain.
Page 642
कूबर hump-backed कूवर curve. beautiful, agreeable. कूवर play, please.
कूबरं, -रः carriage-pole कूवर projection
कूबरः hunchback कूवर curve
कूबरी carriage-pole कूवर projection carriage covered with cloth or blanket.
कूबरिन् carriage कूवरिन्
कुंब् कुंब: woman’s headdress(?) cover. upper part of club
कुंबा a thick petticoat cover or substance enclosure round sacrificial ground. contain
कुभ् see Appendix.
कुम् कुमारः: boy, youth.. unmarried youth .. prince, Skanda, Agni. कुमारयति to play, sport. parrot.
कुमारकः child .. pupil of the eye.
कुमारयु prince
कुमारिका, कुमारी girl.. virgin.. Durga. large cardamoms name of several plants.
कुमारिक, कुमारिन् abounding in girls.
कुमुद् white waterlily colour red lotus colour. unfriendly.. avaricious
कुमुदः, -दं white waterlily .. silver (n) .. camphor (m) colour red lotus colour Vishnu कुदः, कुमोदकः ? play, please the Southern elephant. a species of monkey. ? play
Page 643
कुमुदिनी white waterlily — a group of lilies
कुमुद्वत् abounding in lotuses.
कुमुद्वती, कुमुदवती waterlily collection of lilies.
कौमुदः month Kartik.
कौमुदी moonlighṭ. Kartika or Aswin full moon. festivity.
कौमोदी, कौमोदकी Vishnu’s mace.
+कौमार youthful.. maidenly.. soft, tender ..
+कौमारं childhood.. maidenhood कौमारकं
+कौमारिकः father of girls
+कौमारिकेयः son of unmarried woman.
कूमं pond, pool
कोमल soft, tender, delicate please — play or substance handsome, beautiful
कोमलं water Substance. clay.
कोमलकं fibres of lotus-stalk.
कुंभ् कुंभ् pitcher, jar. कुभिका funeral urn. contain frontal globe of elephant. curve a measure of grain contain. Kumbhaka in Yoga. कुंभक do paramour of harlot. (sexuality) please, play a kind of heart disease.
कुंभा harlot. कुंभिका (sexuality)
कुंभं fragrant resin
कुंभकः base of a column.. Kumbhaka.
कुभिका a disease of the eyes. (harlot, small pot)
कुंभिन् elephant. crocodile pressure (bite)
Page 644
a fish. ? a kind of poisonous insect (do) a fragrant resin (गुग्गुलः see कुंभं).
कुंभिलः housebreaker — कुभीरकः, कुंभीलः, कुंभीलकः Pressure (break) plagiarist wife’s brother. child born untimely.
कुंभी water jar .. earthen cooking vessel. contain a measure of grain contain name of several plants
कुंभीकः Punnaga tree catamite
कुंभीका a swelling of the eyes. कुंभिका
कुंभीर shark Pressure (bite)
कुंभीलः crocodile कुंभिन् do
Liquid roots.
कुर् or कृ कुर् to sound Sound
कुरंकरः crane Sound
कुररः, कुरलः osprey. Sound
कुररी f. osprey.. ewe Sound
कुररावं place abounding in ospreys. Sound
कुरंगः deer कुरंगकः, कुरंगमः motion
कुरचिल्लः crab कुरूचिल्लः (Rt चिल् to tear) pressure
कुरटः shoemaker cf कुर्वत्
कुरंटः, कुरंटकः, कुरंटिका yellow amaranth colour or substance
कुरंडकः yellow amaranth colour or substance
कुरवः, (-बः) a species of amaranth कुरवकः, कुरबकः कुरूबकः colour or substance n. flower of amaranth
कुरंडः hydrocele substance (thickness, swelling)
कुरलः osprey .. curl, lock of hair कुरूलः
Page 645
कुरालः, कुराहः light bay horse with black legs
कुरी a kind of grass.
कुरीरं a headdress for women copulation. (sexuality)
कुरूः priest (कृ to do) action boiled rice. (कृ to do?) कूरः, -रं substance or cook
कुरूविस्त a weight of gold (700 Troy grains)
कुरूटः a kind of pot-herb
कुरूटिन् horse
कुरूंटः red amaranth कुरूंडः colour or substance
कुरूंटी wooden doll, puppet substance wife of a teacher
कुरूरंटकः yellow or white amaranth. colour or substance
कुरूरी bird with plaintive cry sound (osprey?)
कुरूंबं kind of orange. colour
कुरूलः lock of hair curve or substance
कुरूविन्दः ruby. n. ruby.. black salt colour mirror.
कुरः, कूरं boiled rice cook or substance
कुर्वत् servant.. shoemaker.
कोरः bud .. कोरित budded close or substance moveable joint close or substance
कोरकः bud .. lotus stalk fibre close or substance a kind of perfume scent.
कारित ground, reduced to particles. pressure or substance.
कोरदूषः see कोद्रवः
कृक् or कूर्क् कुर्कुरः dog (कुर्?) sound
कुर्कुटः cock .. sound rubbish
Page 646
कृच् or कूर्च् कुर्चिका, कूर्विका brush, pencil substance key penetration bud, blossom substance inspissated milk substance needle. penetration
कूर्चः, कूर्चं bunch, bundle.. handful of Kusha substance beard .. peacock’s feather .. brush substance finger & thumb for pinch. pressure. upper part of nose .. hair between eyebrows substance head substance or contain storeroom. contain
कूर्चः (-र्चं) deceiṭ .. bragging .. hypocrisy deceiṭ
कूर्चिन् stuffed, puffy substance.
कुर्द or कृद् कुर्द्, कूर्द् to leap, jump, frolic movement, play.
कुर्दनं, कूर्दनं leaping, sporting movement, play.
कूर्दनी full moon of Chaitra .. festival of Kamadeva. movement, play.
कृप् or कुर्प् कुर्परः, कूर्परः elbow, knee substance (projection)
कुर्पासः, कूर्पासः bodice कुर्पासकः (कूर्पं`)
कुर्म् or कृम् कूर्मः tortoise one of the pranas .. a nyasa of the fingers. कौर्म adj. of kurma.
Page 647
कुल् कुल् to accumulate, collect I.P. to go on continuously count, reckon to be related .. behave as a kinsman
कुलं house .. contain race, community, family, troop, gang, nation body contain front part Prominence — superficies a blue stone colour
कुलः head of a guild कुलतः by birth
कुलक, कुलिन् of good family कुलीन, कुल्य, कुलवत्, कुलिक, कुलीनक
कुलंभरः, कुलंभलः a thief contain
कुलकः chief of guild.. craftsman of good birth anthill कूलकः Projection
कुलकं collection, multitude कुलं number of verses grammatically connected a sort of prose composition with few compounds
कुलिकः craftsman of good birth.. chief of guild kinsman कुलं
कुलिन् see कुलक 2. a mountain
कुलीनः highbred horse .. कुलं Tantric
कुलीनं a disease of the nails.
कुल्य relating to the house or race .. कुलं well-born.
कुल्यः a respectable man. कुलं
Page 648
कुल्यं friendly enquiry after family affairs कुलं bone .. flesh. Substance winnowing basket.
कुल्या a virtuous woman कुलं canal, stream.. dike, trench. Pressure, Cut a measure of grain 8 dronas. contain
कुलक्कः cymbal sound or pressure. beating time in music
कुलटः adoptive son
कुलटा unchaste woman
कुलत्थः a kind of pulse
कुलत्थिका a blue stone used as a collyrium colour
कुलहंडकः eddy कुलहंडकः, कूलहुंडकः
कुलांक्षुता bitch कौलेयकः dog, hound
कुलाभिः treasure
कुलायं nest.. body.. place, spot.. contain a case, receptacle web
कुलायिका dovecot, aviary कुलालिका contain
कुलालः potter wild cock.. owl sound
कुलाली blue stone कुलं, कुलत्थिका colour
कुलाहः horse of light brown colour कुराहः
कुलाहकः lizard
कुलिः hand contain, seize.
कुलिंगः bird.. sparrow.. mouse sound
कुलिरः (-रं), कुलीरः, कुलीरकः crab .. Pressure
कुलिशः, कुलिश्ं thunderbolt.. Vd axe, hatchet(?) Pressure point or end. कुलीशः, कुलीशं Pressure
कुली wife’s elder sister.
कुलीनसं water Motion
कुलीनकः wild kidney bean
कुलुकं fur or foulness of tongue. कुल्वकं substance
कुलुक्कगुंजा firebrand.
Page 649
कुल्फः, कुल्फं a disease.
कुल्मलं sin .. joint of arrowhead & shaft
कुलमाषः a grain.. n. gruel
कुल्व V. bald, bare.
कूल् to cover, hide, screen, protect cover enclose contain keep off, obstruct, prevent. shut, enclose.
कूलं shore, bank.. slope .. edge, border. कूलकः, कूलकं contain rear of army pond Pressure, dig heap, mound. कूलकः (-कं) substance.
कोलः hog, boar Pressure (gore) raft, boat contain breast.. hip, lap contain embrace contain Saturn outcast, barbarian
कोलं Tola black pepper a kind of berry
कोलपुच्छः heron
कोलकुणः bug
कोलंबकः body of a lute
काला, काली कोलिः jujube plant
कोलाहलः, -लं uproar
कोल्या long pepper
कौलः a lefthand Tantric कौल्य
कौलं lefthand Tantra
कौल ancestral, hereditary, family कौलिक .. well-born. कौलीन, कौलेयक, कौल्य
कौलकेय of good family bastard.
कौलटिनेयः son of a female beggar .. bastard कौलटैयः, कौलटेरः
Page 650
कौलालकं earthenware .. (a.) of a potter.
कौलिकः weaver .. impostor, heretic.. Tantric
कौलीनः son of beggar.. Tantric
कौलीनं evil report.. scandal.. कौलीन्यं Substance scandalous act (mixture) c ombat of animals.. cock fighting .. war, battle high birth.. family honor कौलीन्यं pudenda.
कौलेयकः dog, hound.
*कुकूलः a fire of chaff
= कुव (or कु) कुवं flower, lotus Light, colour कुवलं waterlily कुवलयं waterlily .. blue lotus. कुवलयिन्, कुवलयित, कुवलयिनी कुवेलं lotus.
कुवमः sun *कूवर beautiful, agreeable
कुवलं pearl .. water.. belly of a serpent. motion, winding motion
कूवारः ocean. swelling motion
कुवाटः fold of door कपाटः: close & shut or hard substance
कुविंदः, (कुपिंदः) weaver Twisting, weaving
कुवेणी fishbasket. Probably कु-वेणी Roundness or Twisting
*कुवाहुलः camel
*कोविदारः a tree
कूवर hunchbacked. Crookedness.
कूवरः a carriage pole कूवरी Projection.
कौवेर belonging to Kuvera
Page 651
The Sibilant Group.
कुश् कुंश् to shine Light — Brightness
कुष् to shine
कुषाकुः: sun, fire. Fire कुषाकु burning, scorching
कुसुमं flower कुसुमि, कुसुमवत् कोसुम colour कौसुम flowery menstrual discharge कुसुमवती colour
कौसुमं ashes of brass (used as collyrium) कुसुम: fire. burn
कुसुम: fire burn
(छ lost root, to cut .. cover etc .. move sharply.)
छ pure, clean.. trembling, unsteady.
छः a part, cutting.
छा covering, concealing .. quicksilver (lit. swift, rushing) .. infant, child (B. छाना)
छं house (to cover)
छात cut, divided. P.p. of छो
छगः a goat, छागः छगलः (Atri), छगलकः (also adj, Aries), छागलः (also adj). छगी, छगला, छगली, छागी, छागली छागं goat’s milk .. an oblation.
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छत्रः mushroom, छत्रिका, छत्रिकं, छत्रा, छत्राकः
छत्रं umbrella. छत्रिन् (also barber), छात्रिकः umbrella bearer
छत्रकः Temple of Shiva; conical beehive; kingfisher (darter,swooper).
छत्वरः house, bower, arbour (to cover).
छात्रः pupil.. a kind of honey. (see छत्रकः)
छद् to cover, veil; spread.. hide. छदः covering, wing, leaf, sheath, case. छदिः roof of house or carriage. छादं छादनं concealing.. cover, screen, leaf, clothing, darkening. छादनी hide, skin. छादित, छत्र (also desolate, solitary, private) छत्रं a secret.
छन्द् to cover .. please, gratify; be delighted in, persuade, coax. (to play) छनद् pleasing, alluring .. praising .. private, solitary, secret (to cut, separate) छन्दः wish, fancy, liking, whim, free will.. meaning, purport .. subjection, control .. pleasure, delight .. poison (to cut, destroy) .. appearance, look, shape (cf metre .. to cut, divide, form, shape) छन्दकः protector छन्दन pleasing, charming छन्दित dt gratified, pleased. छन्दस् wish, fancy, will, pleasure, free will, intention fraud, trick (to cover) metre, prosody, Veda. (to cut, divide, shape). छन्दस्य metrical; made at will छान्दसः metrical, Vedic .. a Vedist छान्दसीय छान्दोमिक belonging to छनदोमस् (?)
= छम् to eat, consume. (to cut, destroy, devour?) छमंडः an orphan; man without relatives
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छमप् to go, move.
= छलः fraud, deceit .. plea, pretext, disguise .. roguery, knavery, wickedness .. fiction .. design, device, intention. (to cover, cut, hurt. cf छित्वर, छिदुर) .. family cf छलली, छलक, छलयति, छलनं, छलना, छलित, छलिन्, छलितं (swindling)
छल्लिः, छलली bark, rind .. spreading creeper .. offspring, progeny, posterity. cf छलः
छालः, छालं bark, bark garment.
= छयु to go, move, approach
(छि (lost) .. to cut, make a sharp movement or sound) छिः abuse, reproach. छिक्का sneezing छित used as P.P. of छो to cut
= छिद् to cut, lop, mow; hew, tear, pierce, split.. divide.. break, disturb .. destroy, remove, deprive
छित्ति cutting छिदुर breaking, cutting.. broken, hostile, knavish छिद्र
छिद् (ifc) .. divisor, denominator छिदिरः axe, fire, sword, rope. छिदा cutting, dividing छिदिः axe, thunderbolt .. cutting off छिद्रयति
छित्वर fit for cutting .. hostile, fraudulent छिद्रित
छिद्वर छित्र p.p. also tired, broken with fatigue छित्रा A strumpet
छेत्तृ a cutter छेदः n. also: failure, solution, cessation, interruption, destruction, deprivation .. a cut, incision, bit, section, mark or notch, a divisor
छेदक, छेदन (also a bit, section), छेदिन्, छेघ, छेदित
छेघं amputation
छेदि cutting, breaking .. carpenter .. thunderbolt (छिदिः) =
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छेक tame, town-bred, shrewd, trained in town cunning (छेकाल, छेकिल)
छेलकः a goat
छेमंडः an orphan Cm X Termination अंड as in मार्तंडः Probably abandoned, forlorn, a deserted child or foundling
छुर् to cut, divide .. engrave, inlay, smear, cover, mix. छुरणं, छुरा (lime), छुरिका, छुरी, छूरी, छूरिका, छोरणं (abandoning, leaving) cf Bengali छोडा, छुड् to throw
छुट् to cut, clip off
छुप् to touch.
छुपः touch .. shrub, bush (छित्र, क्षुद्रः) .. combat, war (lit. rush, shock cf छुद्रं) .. air, wind (cf the next, lit. rushing) .. active, zealous, swift
छो to cut, sunder .. mow, reap
छोटिका snapping thumb & forefinger together.
छोलंगः citron, lime
छविः hue, complexion, colour .. beauty, lustre .. skin, hide. (to cover, to shine)
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छूद् kindle, shine .. play.. vomit; (caus.) pour out, spit out, eject. (to throw)
छर्द् to vomit. छर्दः, छर्दनं, छर्दिः, छर्दिका, छर्दिस् vomiting
छर्दिस् vomiting .. house, secure place or residence. (to cover)
छूष् to pray, beg, request
The roots of the ch family are a subsection of the palatal group and have as their base of significance the guna of narrow & intense penetration, separation and fine distinction. In action their sense is to cut, split, divide, separate, in motion to dart, leap like the lightning, race, drop suddenly or dart up, throw, project, eject etc, any narrow or intense action or motion. From the sense of to cut off it comes to mean screen, hide or cover. We have छुप् in the sense of a sharp touch & by detrition of meaning simply touch, छोटिका (छुट्) snapping of thumb & forefinger. Applied to light it means a sharp glitter or intense light.
Classification
Action
I. To cut, divide and derivate meanings; separate .. shape; destroy, consume .. छुर् to cut, divide, with its derivates, छुरी a knife, etc .. also to engrave. derivative sense .. to cover, smear, inlay, mix.
छुट् to cut, clip off छुपः in the sense of shrub, bush छो to cut, mow, reap छिः abuse, reproach (figurative from the original sense) छित cut छिद् to cut, split, destroy etc, with its derivatives. छेक, छेकाल, छेकिल shrewd (penetrating); town-bred, trained, tame. छेकः a bee (to sting) छः a part, cutting
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छाया line, row, streak (a cut, streak, sharply outlined impression) छात cut, divided. छम् to eat, consume छंद private, solitary, secret. छंदः poison.. shape, look, appearance छंदस् metre, prosody, Veda छेमंडः, छमंडः orphan, solitary or lone man
II. To cover (cut off, screen, separate, hide), deceive; protect छुर् to smear, cover, inlay, mix छुड् to cover, hide, screen छविः skin, hide छर्दिस् house, secure place, residence छा covering, concealing दं house छाया shade, with derivative meanings. Durga (protectress) छगणं dried cowdung (smearing, cf गोमुख) छलः disguise, pretext, fraud etc with its derivatives छल्लि, छल्ली, छालं, छालः bark, spreading creeper छत्राः etc mushroom दत्रं umbrella with derived & kindred words. दत्वरः a house, bower, arbour छात्रः a pupil (to protect) छद् to cover, veil etc. with its derivatives (esp. छादनी skin, छ धन् roof) छंदकः protector छंद् to cover
III. darting, leaping, to move off, go; throw, eject; quick or decisive motion or contact or sound. छुप् to touch छुपः touch; active, swift .. air, wind .. combat, war (originally charge or shock) छुद्रं retaliation, counteraction छोटिका snapping of thumb & forefinger. छुच्छुन्दरः muskrat छृद् to play (dart about) .. vomit, eject.
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छर्द् to vomit, with its derivatives छिक्का A sneezing छेलकः a goat छा quicksilver छाया a bribe (to please, gratify) छगः, छागः, छागलः etc, a goat. छ trembling, unsteady छंप् to go, move छयु to go, move, approach छत्रकः kingfisher (?) छंद् to please, gratify (lit. play, cf रमः) with its derivatives छूष् to pray, request (to please, woo, flatter)
IV to glitter, shine — any sharp light छुद्रं ray of light छविः lustre, beauty; hue etc छूद् kindle, shine द pure, clean (lit. bright) छाया colour, light, beauty.. Sun .. छटा collection of light, lustre
V to collect, heap up. (either from separating a part, or from putting in place) छटा m ass, assemblage.
VI offspring, family (perhaps from the idea of small, little छोटा, a child or else from the idea of group; probably the first) छा infant, child (cf छुपः a shrub) छल्लिः, छलली offspring, progeny (cf Bengali ছেলে, ছানা)
Doubtful words
छुबुकं chin. Possibly the sharp point of the face
छोटिन् fisherman (one who snaps up or destroys)
छोलंगः citron, lime. Rt Rt छुल् (to titillate, sting, irritate?)
छेमंडः, छमंडः an orphan, solitary man. (to separate, cut off = forlorn, desolate, deprived, astray)
छत्रकः kingfisher (the darter, plunger)
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Being.
I. To appear, become, be born etc.
ज born from, produced, made of, belonging to.
जः a father, birth, production
जगनुः (-न्नु) insect .. animal
जंजन being born again
जन् to be born, produced, spring up, be, become, occur, be possible. जन: creature, man, person .. race, nation, people .. Janaloka. जना birth, production जनक, जनता, जनन (-नं, नः, नि, नी) जनयतिः, जनयंत, जनयिष्णुः, जनयितृ, जनिः (-नी, निका) जनित्, जनित, जनित्रं, जनित्री, जनित्वः, (-त्वा), जनिमन्, जनीति, जनू, जनुस्, जन्तुः, जातं, जातिः, जतिमत्, जाती, जातीय, जात्, जानं, जानपदः, जानपदा, जानपदी, जानपदिक, जानी, जातक, जातकः, जातकं, ज्ञातिः, ज्ञातेयं
जहुः a young animal
जहकः a child.
जीर्विः body.. animal.
त्या mother.
जीव् to live. जीव (-वः), जीवक, जीवत्, जीवथ (थः), जीवन (-नः, नं), जीवनक (कं), जीवनीय (-यं), जीवित (-तं), जीवंत (-तः), जीवन्तिकः, जीवल, जीवातु, जीविका, जीविन्, जीव्यं, जीव्या जीवितव्यं
*जीवा water, earth, means of living, life, existence.
जेन्या well-born.
II. To open, appear, gape, stretch, expand.. be clear, known
जभ्, जंभ् to yawn, gape.
जंभः yawning, gaping.. explanation, interpretation
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जंभक, जंभा, जंभिका, जंभका
जानान knowing, understanding
जातु at all, ever, possibly .. perhaps, sometimes .. sometime.. apparently.
ज्ञा to know, learn, test, recognise. to engage in ज्ञ, ज्ञः, ज्ञपित, ज्ञपत, ज्ञप्तिः, ज्ञातव्य, ज्ञानं, ज्ञानमय, ज्ञानिन्, ज्ञानित्वं, ज्ञानीयति, ज्ञापक (-कः, -कं), ज्ञापनं, ज्ञापित, ज्ञीप्सा, ज्ञेय, जिज्ञासा, जिज्ञासित, जिज्ञासु
जेन्य genuine, true.
जेह् to open the mouth, pant, gasp
ज्यो to advise, instruct
जृंभ् to gape, yawn.. open, expand.. increase, spread, stretch .. appear, be manifest .. be at ease .. recoil. जृंभः (-भ, -भं), जृंभकः, (-कं), जृंभण (-णं), जृंभित (-तं)
जंबुकः Varuna
III. To grow, be luxuriant
जंबालः Ketaka plant .. moss. जंबालिनी river.
जंबीरः citron tree (जंभः, जंभिन्)
जंबीरं citron
हंबु (-बू) rose-apple.
जंबुकः, जंबुकी rose-apple tree. जंबुमत्, जंबुमती
जंबुलः a tree, Ketaka plant.
जवसः pasture grass.
जवा, जपा China rose.
जाती jasmine plant जातिः (also nutmeg)
जालः Kadamba tree.
जालं, जालकं unblown bud.
जालकं (जालिका) plaintain tree.
जालमिनी ewe. (fleecy)
जर्जरं moss.
IIIa. To be thick, close, plentiful, abundant
ज्यायस् larger, greater .. surpassing, excelling .. elder, senior ज्येय, ज्येष्ठ (-ष्ठ, -ष्ठं, -ष्ठा) ज्यैष्ठ्, ज्यायिष्ठ
जालं (जालकं) collection, assemblage, mass .. pride, arrogance
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(ostentation, pomp) जालिकः governor of a province.
जटिः assemblage, multitude.
जोषिका cluster of young buds.
IV To cover, protect, conceal .. deceive, cheat.
जंस् to protect.
जगदः attendant, guardian
जगरः armour जगलं
जगल roguish, tricky, knavish
जघनं pudenda; hips, buttocks; rear, rearguard. जघनिन्, जघन्यं (penis). जघन्य low, base, vile .. hindmost, last. जघन्यः Sudra.
जठर belly, stomach .. womb .. hole, cavity, bosom, disease of bowels जाठर
जठलं cavity, receptacle.
जंभः a quiver
जवनिका screen, curtain, sail
जालं nest .. net, snare .. coat of mail .. magic, illusion जालिकः (-का), जालकं (-कः), जालवत्
जालकिन् a cloud
जर्त्स् to protect
जर्तु vulva.
V. To be thick, firm, hard, prominent; matted, tangled; numb, inert, cold.
जंगलः (-लं) forest, desert जंगल
जंगालः ridge over field, landmark.
जंगलं (-लः) flesh, meat. जंगल (-लः, -लं)
जट् to clot, become matted or twisted. जटा, जट, जटायुः, जटिः, जटी, जटिन्, जटिल, जटिलः, जटालक, जटिक
जटा a fibrous root.. root, branch.
जटालः Indian figtree (जटिः, जटी) .. bdellium.
जटिन् waveleafed figtree (प्लक्षः) .. elephant 60 years old.
जटिला long pepper
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जंबालः mud, mire जंबः
जुटकं a braid of hair.
जूटः, जूटकं matted hair.
= जूः a mark on forehead of cattle
जटुलः freckle, mark
जत्रु collarbone
जाठर hard, stiff, firm.. old.
जरठ hard, solid.. hardhearted, cruel.
जफरूथं flesh.
जड cold, frigid, chilly .. numbed, dull, inert .. dumb, dull witted, apathetic .. numbing, stupefying जडः cold, frost, winter.. dullness, stupidity जडं water .. lead. जडता, जडयति, जडिमन् जाडां
जलं water, *(embryo of cow, Purvashadha) जलाष (जालाषं) water .. healing (cooling) .. happiness
जामिः water.
जिह्म slow, lazy.
VI To bind, attach etc .. pursue, study
जठर bound, tied.
जुड् to bind. जोडः
जोडः to observe a religious obligation.
जुष् to reason, think .. investigate, examine.
जाहं joint.
VII. To be in pairs, together, repeated; to enjoy sexually, to love, pity; to enjoy, be pleased, satisfy etc .. any close relation
जायिन् the burden of a song, refrain.
जकुटं a pair
*जित्मः (जितुमः, जित्तमः) Gemini.
जामिः tautology.
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जभ्, जंभ् to copulate.
जंपती husband & wife
जाया wife जानिः
जनिः wife, daughter-in-law (cf वधू)
जामा daughter; daughter-in-law
जामातृ son-in-law.. lord, master (husband) *sunflower.
जामि customary, usual (go together) .. peculiar to, belonging to (go with).
जामिः sister .. daughter .. daughter-in-law .. near female relation .. virtuous woman .. relationship. जामेयः *जामित्रं seventh or wife’s house in the horoscope.
जारः paramour, lover (जारी, जारिणी)
जरा praise; greeting, invoking (जृ to woo) जरणा
जिन्व् to please, satisfy .. grant, bestow.
जुष् to be pleased, gratified, favourable .. to like, enjoy, choose .. to possess .. to practise, frequent, visit. जुष्, जोषः, जुष्यं, जष्ट (-ष्टं), जोषणं (-णा)
जः enjoyment
जन्या pleasure, happiness .. affection
जनः Janaloka (Anandaloka)
जननी mercy, compassion, tenderness.
Motion. ज swift
जः speed, swiftness.
जतुः, जतूः a bat जतुका, जतूका, जतुनी
जव swift (जबव, जचप (-नः, -नं), जवनिमन्, जवस्, जुवस्, जविन्, जविन, जावन्यं)
= जस् to go.
*जिवाजिवः chakora.
ज्रि to go
जेष् to move, go
जेह् to go towards, reach.. strive after.. pant, gasp
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जुड् to go; send, throw, cast, direct
जुन् to go, move
जू to press, hurry on, urge.. impel, drive.. excite, animate. जू, जूः, जूत, जूतिः
ज्यु to go near, approach
= जंघा leg, shank.. thigh .. part of bedstead जंघाल (-लः), जंघिल, जांघिक (-कः)
जाघनी tail, thigh.
जिव्ह tongue
जिव्हा tongue; sentence
जिन्व् to be active, lively .. urge, impel, excite .. animate, promote.
जिष् to sprinkle.
जीर्विः cart.
*जीवा water, earth
*जीवथः peacock.. a cloud.
ज्यानिः river, stream.
जैत्रः quicksilver.
जर्जरं Indra’s banner.
= जस् to let go, free, release.
जहक abandoning, leaving.
ज्यानिः quitting, abandoning.
जुंग् to abandon, quit .. exclude, set aside जुंगित (-तः)
जंस् to liberate, release.
जहकः slough of snake.
Strong or violent Contact, Pressure.
I. To hurt, kill, injure, destroy जः poison.. imp, goblin
*जघ्रिः weapon
जघ्रु striking, killing
जंगुलं poison, venom jA~g~ l जांगुली, जांगुलिः, जांगलिः, जांगलिकः
जष् to hurt, injure, kill
Page 664
जस् to hurt, injure, strike.
जसुः weapon.
जहकः Time
जातूः thunderbolt
जाल्म cruel, harsh, rash जाल्मः, जाल्मक
जिः demon
जिव्रिः Time
जिरि to kill, hurt.
जीतिः decrease, loss.
ज्यानिः deprivation, loss
जुष् to hurt
जूर् to hurt, injure, kill .. to be angry with
जूर्व् to hurt, injure, kill
जूष् to hurt, kill.
जूः a female demon.
II. To fade, perish, decay, grow old .. be exhausted, weary. जस् to be exhausted, tired जस्रं, जसुः
जिह्म dim, pale-coloured.
जीतिः fading away
जै to wane, decline, perish
जुर् to waste, decline, perish .. become old. जुर्, जूर्ण
जूर् to grow old.
जृ to wear out, decay, perish, break to pieces, dissolve, be digested .. grow old जारक, जारण (-णं), जरण्ड, जरझया, जरत्, जरती, जरतिका, जरतः, जरा, जरित, जरिन्, जरिमन्, जर्जर, जर्जरित, जर्जरीक, जर्ण, जर्णः, जीर्ण, जीर्णक, जीर्णिः, जीर्णा
जिन very old
जीतिः growing old
ज्या to grow old. ज्यीत, ज्यानिः
ज्रि to grow old.
III. To pierce, divide. जित्या a ploughshare
जित्यः a harrow
जीरः sword .. cumin seed .. an atom
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जरणं cumin seed जीर्णः (-र्णा), जीरकः, जीरणः
जीर्विः an axe.
जंभः a part, portion.
IV. To bite, snap, eat, consume जक्ष् to eat, consume, destroy.
जक्षणं, जक्षिः eating, consuming
जग्ध eaten जग्धं, जग्धिः
जंभ् to snap at .. crush, destroy.
जम् to eat. जमनं
जंबूकः (-की) a jackal.. low man
जंभः jaws, tooth .. biting, eating .. chin. जंभक
जाहकः: leech
जालाका leech जलिका, जलालुका, जलूका, जलुका, जलोका, जलोकिका
जिव्रिः a bird
विम् to eat. जेमनं
जकुटः a dog जुकुटः
V. To grind, pound, press out जुड् to grind or pound
जुल् to reduce to powder, grind, pound.
जूषः (-षं) water of boiled pulse.
VI. To bend, twist. जिह्म sloping, oblique, crooked, wry .. dishonest जैह्मयं जीवा bowstring .. chord of arc. ज्या bowstring.. chord of arc
VII. To ridicule, slight, laugh, censure, threaten जक्ष् to laugh.
जन्यं censure, abuse
जंबूलं jesting at a bridal.
जस् to disregard, slight.
जर्च्, जर्झ्, जर्त्स् threaten, menace, blame, censure.
VIII. To overpower, oppress, fight, conquer, excel. ज victorious, conquering
जः a conqueror
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जज्, जंज् to fight
जजः, जंजः warrior, fighter. जाजिन्
जनमेजयः Janamejaya (conqueror in battle)
जन्यं war, battle
जयंतः Son of Indra; Shiva, Vishnu.
जयंती daughter of Indra .. Durga .. flag, banner .. Dasera barley.
जि to conquer, win, surpass.. *expect from (exact) जय, जयः जया, जयक, जयत्सेनः, जयद्वलः, जयनं, जयिन्, जरूय, जायिन्, जिगीषा, जिगीषु, जित, जित्, जितिः, जित्य, जित्या, जित्वन्, जित्वर (-री), जिष्णु, जेतृ, जिन, जैनः, जीतिः, जेन्य, , जैत्र (-त्रः, -त्रं)
ज्या to overpower, oppress. जीत, ज्यानं, ज्येय, ज्या (overpowering force, importunity)
ज्रि to overpower, conquer
जृ to excel, to humiliate
IX. To burn, be hot, glow.. heat. जगनुः (-त्रः) fire.
जल्हुः fire.
जंजन burning
ज्वर् to be hot with fever .. to be diseased. ज्वरः, ज्वरा, ज्वरित, ज्वरिन्
ज्वल् to blaze, burn brightly, glow, shine. ज्वल, ज्वलका, ज्वलन (-नं), ज्वलित, ज्वाला, ज्वालिन्
जूर्व् to burn
जूर्तिः fever .. feverish heat.
Light, Colour जः lustre
जयंतः moon
*जायकं a kind of yellow fragrant wood
जुत् to shine
ज्युत् to shine ज्योतिस्, ज्योतिर्मय, ज्येातिष (-षः, -षं), ज्योतिषिकः, ज्योतिष्कः (-ष्कं), ज्योतिषी, ज्योतिष्मत्, ज्योत्स्ना (-त्न्सी), ज्यौत्स्न (-त्स्नः, त्स्नी)
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ज्यौः Jupiter.
जतु, जतुका, जतुकं lac. जंतुका, जननी
Smell जापकं a kind of fragrant wood (cf जायकं above) *जातिः nutmeg. जहका, जाहकः a pole-cat. जोंगं, जोंगकं aloe wood.
Sound. जज्झ् to make a dashing sound
जप् to mutter, repeat जप (-पः), जपनं, जप्य (-प्यः, -प्यं), जापक, जाप्य, जंजपूक
जल्प् to speak, talk.. murmur.. babble, chatter.. praise. जल्पः, जल्पक, जल्पन (-नं), जल्पिः, जल्पितं
जीवा tinkling of metallic ornaments
जर्च्, जर्झ्, जर्त्स् to say, speak.
Conjectural Derivation जग् to be thick जग् to taste strong.
Doubtful Words. जगलं cow-dung
जगलं, -लः a liquor
जातूकर्णः Shiva.
जातुधानः imp, demon
जापनं declining, rejecting .. dismissal, completion.
जाबालः a goatherd
जांबवं gold जांबूनदं (Dhattura).
जाहकः bed, cot
जीनः a leather bag
जीमूतः a cloud.. mountain.. nourisher, sustainer .. Indra.
ज्येष्ठा, ज्येष्ठी, ज्यैष्ठी a small house lizard
जेन्ताकः heated chamber; dry hot bath
जकुटः, जुकुटः Malay mountain
जोंगटः longings of pregnant women
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जर्तिलः wild sesamum
जर्हिलः wild sesamum
जर्तुः elephant
जीर्णः a tree जर्णः
जीर्णं Benzoin.
झ
Being. To be thick, matted, tangled (झ V. III a)
झट् to become matted, confused, entangled झाटः arbour, thicket. झाटी jasmine-plant झाटा, झाटिका झुंटः tree, shrub, bush. झूणिः (-लिः) thicket .. betel nut. झोंडः betel-nut tree झषः forest, wood, jungle.
Motion झः wind & rain, hurricane cf Beng. झड, झटिका झंझा wind & rain, gale, hurricane. झगति quickly, at once झटिति झा cascade, waterfall cf Beng. झरणा झरः (-रा, री) cascade, spring, fountain, stream. झंपः spring, jump, leap. झपिन्, झपाकः, झंपारू a monkey, ape झर्झरवती Ganges. झषः a fish. झल्लोलः ball at end of spindle. झयु to go, move.
Contact, Pressure To hurt, destroy; eat; waste, grow old; heat, burn; bend; censure; fight; rub.
झर्च् to injure
झष् to hurt, kill.
झर्झरकः Kaliyuga
झ lost, destroyed .. asleep, sleeping
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झंझा anything lost
To heat, burn
To rub झल्लिका a rag for rubbing on colours or perfumes — dirt rubbed off by the application झिल्लिका, झिल्लिका, झिल्ली,
झाटः cleaning sores cf Beng. झाडा to sweep, झांटा a broom. झामरः small whetstone for sharpening needles.
Light. *झला girl, daughter O.A Rt झल्, झल्ल् to shine, be beautiful
झला sunshine, light, splendor do
झल्लिका light, lustre, splendour do
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झिल्लीका sunshine Rt झिल्, झिल्ल् to shine, burn.
झिल्लीका sunlight, light, splendour झिल्ली do
झल्लरा purity; moisture Rt झल्ल् to shine
झल्लकण्ठः pigeon. do
Sound झः jangling, clanking etc .. beating time
झंकारः a low murmuring sound, buzzing, tinkling, twanging etc
झंकारिणी Ganges
झंझनं jingling, clanking, rattling, ringing.
झंझा clanking etc
झर्झरः -री a sort of drum, cymbal
झर्झरं sound of splashing or dropping
जृ (जृ्) The fundamental sense of this root seems to be a sudden and violent breaking out into aggressive existence, movement, action, emotion, contact, sound, or a hard & aggressive condition.
Primitives. जृ to make low or humiliate .. to excel.
जृ to grow old, wear out, decay, perish, be consumed, to be dissolved or digested, break or fall to pieces.
Derivatives जारक causing to decay, digestive
जारणं a wasting; a digestive or condiment; stimulation of digestion; calcination.
जारः paramour, lover .. intimate friend
जारिणी adulteress जारी Durga
Derivatives of जृ जर old, aged, worn out, decaying (tr. intr), consuming
जरः wearing out, wasting .. destruction
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जरठ old, aged, decrepit.. bent, drooping, pale, yellow, hard-hearted, cruel.
hard, solid.. ripe, mature
जरठः old age.
जरण old, aged, decrepit.. digestive
जरणः cummin seed
जरणा old age, praise
जरंड decayed, old
जरण्या (Vedic) old age.
जरत् old, aged, decrepit, an old man.
जरती, जरतिका an old woman
जरतः an old man .. a buffalo.
जरा age, decrepitude .. digestion praise, invoking
जरायु slough.. outer skin of embryo .. afterbirth uterus, womb.
जरित old, decayed.
जरिन् old .. an old man.
जरिमन् Vd. old age, decrepitude
जरूथं flesh.
जरूध speaking harshly.
जर्णः old, decayed.. the moon.. a tree.
जर्तुः vulva .. an elephant.
जूर् to hurt, injure, kill .. be angry .. grow old जूर्णिः speed जूर्णिः praising, invoking The Sun swift, speedy Brahman Anger A fiery weapon The body. जूर्ति: fever .. morbid heat
Secondary. जूर्व् Ved. to hurt, kill .. burn
जृंभ्, जृभ् open, expand, burst open.. increase, extend, spread. appear, rise
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be at ease recoil, fly back
जृंभः, -भा, भं yawning, gaping .. opening, blossoming .. expansion, bursting open
जृंभकः yawner (a demon) .. (-कं) swelling
जृंभिका yawning, gaping
जृंभणं gaping, yawning, stretching of limbs; blossoming. (-ण) causing to gape or yawn.
जृभित yawning.. open, expanded.. blown.. enlarged done, exerted.. (-तं) gaping, opening, expansion, blooming .. developing, coming into view
ट
Pressure —
I. With division. a. To cut, split etc .. dig टंक् (with उद्) to scrape, scratch, bore or pierce through .. (Rt. by itself, to cover, bind).
टंकः (-कं) hatchet, axe, stone-cutter’s chisel; sword; a chasm, cleft; spade, hoe
टंगः, -गं spade, hoe.
टुंटुक vile, cruel .. harsh (cf दारूण)
टंकिका hatchet.
टारः a catamite.
टं a hollowed cocoanut.
= b. A member, part, limb.. small, little. टः a quarter or fourth part. (?) टंकः(-कं, -का) leg टंगा B. … (ठंग) More probably to stand. टः a dwarf. टोट small, little टुंटुक
II. With impression. To stamp, touch, mark. टगरः an object of sense (lit. impression, expressing)
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टंकः, टंकं a stamped coin. टंककः
टिप्पणी (-नी), टीका gloss, commentary (lit. to mark).
III. With deflection. Crooked, wry. टेर, टेरक squint-eyed.
टगर squint-eyed
IV. With restraint. To bind, fasten टंक् to bind, fasten. टंकनं binding, tying.
V. Formative. To make, form टुः One who changes shape at will (probably a name of Twashtri)
Consistency.
I. To stand; abide; be firm टक्कर Shiva
टा an oath (cf धर्म etc) टंकटीकः Shiva
टंकः leg (-कं, -का, -गा) B. []Bengali Text]
टंकः (-कं) slope of a hill, declivity, peak. Cf तट
? टंकः (-कं) wood-apple tree .. its fruit. Possibly from taste.
टा the earth.
Concealment.. Covering.. Containing. टंक् to cover.
टंकः (-कं) the sheath of a sword
To Move.
I. With idea of Pressure. टिप् direct, throw, cast. टॆपनं (sending, casting) Bg. To press
II. टिक् to move, go. टारः a horse.
टीक् to move, go, resort to. टंकणः, टंकनः a kind of horse
टंकटीकः Shiva.
III टगरः wanton play, sport. टांकरः libertine, lecher.
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Disturbance. टल्, ट्वल् to be disturbed, confused Bg. to stagger, be shaken.
टलः, टालः, टलनं confusion
टगरः confusion
टंकः, -कं anger, pride.
टंकारः surprise, wonder.
टुः the god of love.
Sound. ट: twang.
टंकारः twang.. howl, cry, shout.. rumour, fame.
टंकारिन् twanging.
टट्टनी small house-lizard.
टट्टरी musical instrument .. kettledrum .. jest (lit. laughter); so, lie.
टट्टुरः sound of a drum.
टांकारः clang, twang.
टिट्टिभः a kind of bird.
Light टुः gold.
Taste. टगरः borax.
अंकः, -कं, टंकणं, -नं borax.
टंगः, टंगं borax
टांकं spirit of wood-apple
टंकः (-कं) wood-apple fruit.. the tree.
Doubtful टुः One who changes his shape at will — (fickle, changing?) Perhaps to make.
ठ
Pressure. I With bending.. or else, formation ठ: circle, globe .. disc of the sun .. a cypher.
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II. With restraint. To bind, fasten ठालिनी a girdle.
III. Impression ठः an object of sense.
Consistency. ठारः hoarfrost
ठः a place, sacred or frequented.
ठक्कुरः idol, deity (ठ:), Shiva.. a title of honour.
Sound ठ: a loud noise
ड
Sound ड: a sound; a kind of drum or tabor.
डक्कारी the lute of the Chandalas.
डम् to sound
डमरः tumult.. affray, riot.. intimidation by shouting.
डमरं rout, panic flight.
कामरः uproar, riot, rout.. turmoiḷ. riotous, tumultuous.. any surprising or disturbing sight.
डमरूः a small drum.
डांकृतिः the clang of a bell
डिंडिमः a kind of small drum.
डिम्बः affray, riot, sound of terror.
Motion. डंब् to throw, send
डिप्, डिंप् to throw, send, direct. डी to fly, push through the air .. go.
डीन flown डीनं flight डिंगरः throwing, casting forth
डी to fly, push through the air .. go.
डीन flown डीनं flight
डयनं flight.. a palanquin (conveyance)
डलकं, डललकं sling, basket. Cf Bg. ढल् to sway, दुल् etc.
डिंडीरः, डिंउिरः foam; (also a cuttle fish bone).
डा a sling basket.
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Pressure. I Formation, Production, Collection, Solidity.
डामर resembling (beautiful)
डंबरः collection, mass .. show, pomp, arrogance .. resemblance.
डप्, डंप्, डंभ्, डिप्, डिंप् to collect.
डीन flown a wooden antelope.
डित्थः a wooden elephant.. an admirable Crichton.
डिंभः a fool, blockhead.
डिंबः globe, ball, egg .. chrysalis.. spleen, uterus .. embryo.
डिंभः, डिंभकः a young child, cub. डिंभा, डिंभिका
डिंबिका a lustful woman.
डुंडुमः a snake (not poisonous) .. (to coil cf ढ:)
डिंगरः a fat man.
II Injuring, Killing, etc डिम् to hurt, injure
डिंगरः a knave, cheat.. depraved fellow.. an insult. (? throwing, casting forth).
डः Shiva
डा, डाकिनी a she-goblin, Demoness.
डामर terrible.
III Binding. डोरः thread, string.
IV. Fixity. डंब् to order .. to behold (fix with the gaze)
V. Heat, Burning डः submarine fire.
Disturbance, Agitation I Physical ड्वल् to mix
डमः, डामरः, डोमः, डोम्बः a Dom (or else like Chandala)
Mental ड: fear
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Doubtful. डाहुकः, डुंदुकः gallinule.
डुंडुलः a small owl
डिक्करी a young woman
डिंगरः servant
डंबर famous, renowned.
डिमः one of the ten kinds of drama
डाहलः N. of a people.
ढ
Sound. ढः a large drum, a sound. ढक्का a large double drum ढौलः a large drum, tabor.
Motion (pressure) ढुंढनं seeking, investigation ढुढिः Ganesha. ढौक् go, approach .. (cs. to present, offer) B. ढुक् to push in, enter. ढौकनं offering, present, bribe.
Pressure. I Bending ढ: a dog’s tail
II Biting ढ: a dog; serpent.
III Covering ढक्का disappearance. B. ढाक् to cover. ढालं shield ढालिन् a shielded warrior
Emotion ढक्का A coveting.
Doubtful ढामरा goose.
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[1] Sanscrit.
दल् to burst open, split, cleave, crack. दलयति, दालयति. Lt deleo. Cs. to cause to burst, tear to expand, bloom, open asunder. cut, divide, split. to dispel, drive or chase away to wither.
दलः, दलं tearing, cutting a piece, portion, detachment, body of troops. fragment. clump, heap, quantity. a degree .. a half. the blade of a weapon shoot, blade, petal, leaf. scabbard, sheath alloy, adulteration
दलनं bursting, breaking, cutting, dividing, splitting. crushing, grinding.
दलनी, दलिः a clod
दलशः by pieces, in fragments.
दलिकं a piece of wood, timber.
दलित broken, torn, burst, rent, split. Bisected opened, expanded manifested, displayed driven asunder, dispelled, scattered crushed, trodden down, destroyed.
दलपः a weapon gold. shastra.
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दल्भः wheel fraud, dishonesty, sin.
दल्मिः Shiva .. Indra’s thunderbolt.
दाल्मिः Indra.
दालं a kind of wild honey
दालनं tooth-ache.
दालिमः pomegranate-tree.
[2] Greek.
δóλoς treachery, fraud, falsehood, deceit .. trick, artifice, deception, cheat.
δoλερóς cunning, crafty .. deceitful, fraudulent, treacherous.
δoλερῶς deceitfully, treacherously, artfully
δoλɩóω to deceive, beguile, betray; practise fraud.
δóλɩoς treacherous, crafty, deceitful.
δoλίως craftily, deceitfully.
δoλóεɩς crafty, deceitful
δóλoψ spy, scout, sentinel .. lier in wait, assassin.
δoλóω to act deceitfully; to deceive; circumvent, over-reach, beguile, ensnare, flatter, seduce .. corrupt, adulterate, falsify. (cf दलः adulteration).
δóλων dagger, poniard .. topsail.
δóλωσɩς deceiving, imposition, deception .. cheat, fraud, artifice, plot.
= *δoλɩχóς long; tedious, prolix. दीर्घः (?)
*δoλɩχóν for a long time, far, afar.
*δoῦλoς slave δoύλƞ, δoυλóω, δoυλεύω, δoυλoσύνƞ, δoυλεíα, δoύλεɩoς, δoυλɩχóς, δoυλóσυνoς, δoύλευμα, δoυλάρɩoν. दसुलः (?)
= δαλóς torch, firebrand .. flash, brightness .. light, lamp.
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δƞλαδή clearly, certainly, undoubtedly.
δἣλóς visible, manifest .. clear, evident, apparent .. notorious, well-known, certain, sure .. transparent, pellucid .. shining, bright.
δƞλóω to manifest, make appear, show .. declare, express, reveal, discover.
δήλωμα sign, token, mark, symptom.
δήλως visibly, clearly .. plainly, manifestly.
δήλωσɩς manifestation, revelation, declaration, discovery .. brightness, brilliancy, transparency.
= δƞλέω destroy, waste, lay waste .. injure, hurt, offend .. corrupt, violate, debauch .. to trick, deceive, beguile.
δήλƞμα injury, hurt, destruction; mischief, offence.
δƞλήμων hurtful, pernicious, destructive .. destroyer, ravager
δήλƞσɩς injury, infliction of hurt .. destruction, ruin.
δƞλƞτήρ destroyer .. destructive.
δƞλƞτήρɩoν poison, venom.
δƞλƞτήρɩoς destructive .. poisonous, deadly.
= δƞλή wish, will, desire, inclination
δήλoμαɩ I wish, will, desire.
[3]-Latin
deleo to destroy, annihilate, abolish .. efface, erase.
deletrix that which destroys
= dolabra an axe, hatchet, military implement.
dolo hew with axe .. work with axe or sharp weapon. cudgel
dolo, dolonis wooden staff with iron point .. sting .. small foresail.
= dolus fraud, deceit, guile, trick.
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dolosus crafty, deceitful, cunning.
dolose deceitfully, craftily.
= doleo to suffer pain, grieve, bewail .. to grieve, cause pain
dolenter painfully, sorrowfully.
dolor pain, anguish; grief, sorrow; cause of sorrow.
= dulcis sweet, pleasant, agreeable cf δƞλή, δƞλoμαɩ.
dulce sweetly
dulcedo sweet taste .. sweetness, charm .. desire.
dulcesco to become sweet
dulciculus somewhat sweet.
dulciter sweetly
dulcitudo sweetness.
= dolium a cask, jar cf दलः scabbard, sheath.
doliolum a small cask
[4]-Tamil
தலம் St दलः, दलं.
தலாடகம் fossé .. sésame sauvage .. ouragan दल् to bloom.
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தழுவு embrassement, brassée. vb. to embrace, surround, accept .. press on the bosom .. s’accoupler, se mêler.
தழை feuillage; jeune branche; jet, rejeton, pousse, feuille .. ombrelle de plumes, queue de paon vb. pousser des feuilles, pousser, bourgeonner, croître, s’étendre, prospérer.
தழைகை, -க்கை pousse, bourgeonnement, croissance, végétation.
தழைதல், -த்தல், -ப்பு, -வு fertilité, abondance, augmentation .. état florissant, bonheur, prospérité.
= taḷataḷakkiṛatu to shine, sparkle, glitter .. to soften
taḷataḷattal, -appu brilliance, glitter .. softening.
taḷappaṭi fatigue, lassitude .. tottering .. failure, unease, peine
taḷappam relaxation, weakness, misery, peine; mediocrity.
taḷampal agitation, fluctuation, trembling .. écluse, vanne.
taḷampu écluse, vanne.
taḷampu vb. to be agitated, float, vacillate, tremble .. be irresolute, uneasy, in distress.
taḷaru vb. intr. to relax, soften, be undone, weaken, totter, vacillate; hesitate, be cowardly, indolent, lax, soft, disconcerted, afflicted.
taḷarchchi cowardice, idleness, relaxation, slowness; softness, flaccidity, languor, weakness, meagreness, distress; old age.
taḷarttu vb. tr. to relax, loosen, undo, disband, soften, weaken.
taḷarvu relaxation, tottering, decay, softening, weakness, nonchalance, loss of vigour.
taḷḷamáṛu vb. to totter, stagger, hesitate.
taḷḷáṭu to vacillate, totter, sway, lean.
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taḷam leaf, petal
taḷir bouton, bourgeon, pousse, rejeton, jet. vb. bourgeonner, pousser
Philological—Speculations
निद् नेष्टा - नेष् is to move. We have also निशा night, B. नेशा intoxication, surrender to some form of vicious ecstasy, निद्रा, नीर water, नी to lead; नि in, on; नु, नू now, नु, नट etc. Sg. idea of inwardness, penetration,—absorption, ecstasy,—state of inclusion or rest, motion of entering or with a view to enter, so to move, lead, bring, push; regular purposeful motion (नट्, नड् ); नद, नदी movement forward in the current; नभः , nubes, नाक pushing movement in the sky of the clouds. निद्, निद्रा, निशा going inwards into the self, state of absorption, ecstasy, quivering or ecstatic motion, नृत्, नर्त् . Anything deep, intense, नील blue
Rt. प, (पा) and the derivative roots.
Root. प — पा ..........pais, paidos—boy, girl, child .. son, daughter .. slave, servant .. OS पैः or पयिः Root प to be able, strong, so master, govern. Original meaning a slave; then a boy or girl slave. The genitive ......... is पयिदः from पयित्, Rt पि (cf पिता) with the same sense as p, but also meaning, to beget, nurture, protect, cherish. पयित् means of the nature of पयि , subject, childish, with other derivative meanings, also a nursling, pupil, child, ward, pet, favourite. पै, पयिः, पयित् have all a passive significance. ..........—a little child, little boy, servant. OS पयिदल्यम् . The terminations ल and ल्य with the enclitic अ, इ or उ give either an adjectival or a diminutive sense. (…….) infantile, childish. यिदल्योदाः . The termination ओदाः or ओदः gives invariably an adjectival sense.
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(……..) childish, boyish. OS पयिदायः — अयः, आयः, इयः, ईयः, उयः, ऊयः are all adjectival terminations.
म् Family
Fundamental significance—Finality.
Substantive ideas—Limit; limitation; close, end; confinement; closed space; movement in closed space, on fixed lines or to a goal; close or deep sound; extreme limit, superlativeness in quality; limitation off, rejection, discharge; close contact, compactness.
Specific meanings.
1ṣṭ class. Measurement by limitation. To limit, outline, define, measure, assign, assort, arrange, make, construct, display.
2ḍ. class. Confinement. To contain, embrace, comprise, enfold, confine, bind, be concave, hollow, have capacity; be confined, limited, narrow, dull.
3ḍ. class.Close contact. To be massed, massive, compact.
4ṭḥ class. Limitation, finality. Close, ending. To close, end, die, diminish, kill, impair, injure, wither.
5ṭḥ class. Close sound. To mutter, whisper, rustle, roar, bellow, wail.
6ṭḥ class. Movement. To move, dart, leap, circle; to [ ]
7ṭḥ class. Superlative quality. To be strong, powerful, vigorous, luxuriant, swift, active; to grow, flourish, bloom, be soft, beautiful, brilliant.
8ṭḥ class. Rejection. To except, remove, reject, give up, loose, release, cast off, shoot; to renounce, give.
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Primary Roots with M as the base म, मा
म।
मः Time.. moon.. magical formula.. poison. a syllabic foot (three longs) .. Name of Br., Vishnu, Siva or Yama .. the fifth note in music (मध्यम)
मम् Water; happiness, welfare.
मम mine — from a lost OS word म, I; so मयि, मया, मे, etc.
ममता self-idea, selfishness; feeling of meum; pride, individuality.
ममत्वम् d[itt]o; affection, regard; attachment.
मय consisting of.
मा।
मा No, not; lest, that not.
मा Goddess of wealth; mother; measure.
मा measure, mark off, limit; compare; be in, be contained; infer, conclude; prepare, arrange; form, construct, build; make; mete out, assign; show, display; roar, sound.
मापयति measure, cause to measure.
मित्सति wish to measure.
मानम् measuring; measure, standard; rule, rod; dimension, computation; proof, authority; likeness.
माम my, mine
मामः mother’s brother.
मामक my, mine; selfish, covetous
मामकः miser.
मामकः maternal uncle.
मामकीन my, mine.
Primary Roots with M as the base: मि, मी
मि (मिनोति) measure; observe, perceive; build, erect;
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establish; fix in the earth (Ved.)?; cast, throw, scatter.
मित् Ved. column, post (that which measures).
मित् measured, meted; bounded, defined, limited; moderate, little, sparing, scanty; measuring; investigated; cast, thrown; built, established.
मितद्रु the sea.
मितिः measuring; measure, weight; proof; determination; accurate knowledge.
मित्रः Mitra.
मित्रं friend.
मित्रता, मित्रत्वं friendship
मित्रिति to be friendly
मित्रायते To act as a friend, be friendly
मित्रिय friendly.
मित्रयु friendly, winning friends.
मित्रयुः friend.
मी (मीनाति) to kill, hurt, destroy, injure; to lessen; change; transgress, violate; be lost, go astray.
मी (मीयति) to go, move; to know, comprehend.
मी (मीयते 4A) to die, perish.
मीनः fish.
मीनरः = Makara.
मीरः ocean; drink; limit, boundary; particular part of a mountain.
मे (मयते, मित, मित्सते) exchange, barter.
मैत्र a friend’s; friendly, kind; of Mitra.
मैत्रः a perfect Brahman; a tribe; a friend; anus.
मैत्री friendship, goodwill; connection, intimacy; Anuradha.
मैत्रम् friendship; evacuation of excrement; Anuradha. मैत्रिन्, मैत्र्यम्, मैत्रेयः, मैत्रेयकः, मैत्रेयकिा (मित्रयुद्ध)
Primary Roots with M as base: मु, मू, मृ
मुः Shiva; bondage, confinement; final emancipation; funeral pile; tawny or reddish brown.
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मुकन्दकः onion.
मू bind, fasten, tie.
मूत bound, tied, confined; woven
मूतः, मूतम् (Ved.) woven basket, woven band of cloth; lump, collection.
मूत्र urine.
मृ
मृ die, perish.
मारयति to slay.
मुमूर्षति to wish or be about to die.
मृत dead.
मृतम् death.. alms.
मृतकः dead man
मृतकम् corpse, death.. ceremonial impurity by death of relation.
मृतिः death
मृतिमन् mortality.
मृत्युः death, decease.. Yama .. Brahma, Vishnu, Kali, Maya.. god of love.
मृ to hurt, kill.
मर्तः mortal; earth.
मर्त्य mortal
मत्य: mortal, earth
मर्त्यम् body.
मरः (Ved.) Death.. the earth
मरकः plague, murrain, epidemic.
करकतम् emerald
करणम् death.. a poison.
मरतः death.
मरणीय, मरिष्णु mortal
मरिमन् death, dying.
मरंदः juice of flowers.
मरारः a granary.
मराल soft, unctuous .. bland, tender.
मरालः flamingo, swan .. duck .. horse .. cloud .. collyrium .. pomegranate grove .. rogue, cheat.
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मरिचः, मरीचः pepper shrub.
मरिचं, मरीचं black pepper.
मरीचिः ray, particle of light.. light.. mirage .. miser.. Marichi .. Krishna
मरीचिका mirage.
मरीचिन्, मरीचिमत् radiant, lustrous.
मरीचिन् Sun.
मरीमृज repeatedly rubbing.
मरूः desert, wilderness; mountain, rock; a kind of plant; abstinence from drinking .. the country of Maru.
मरूकः peacock
मरूण्डा woman with high forehead.
मरूत् wind, air, breeze .. breath .. Wind .. god .. a kind of plant (मरूवकः or ग्रन्थिपर्ण)
मरूतः wind.. god.
मरूत्तः Marutta.
मरूत्तकः Maruvak plant
मरूत्वत् cloud.. Indra .. Hanuman.
मरूलः a duck.
मरूवः a plant.. Rahu
मरूवक terrible, formidable.
मरूवकः Marjoram.. a lime.. tiger.. Rahu .. crane.
मरूकः peacock; a kind of stag.
मरोलिः, मरोलिकः Makara.
मर्मन् vital part; defect, failing; core, quick; joint; inner meaning, essence; secret, mystery, truth.
मर्मिक knowing secrets; acute, penetrating.
मर्मर rustling, murmuring.
मर्मरः rustle, murmur.
मर्मरायते to rustle, murmur.
मर्मरी a pine; turmeric.
मर्मरीकः A pauper; a wretch.
मर्य (Ved.) mortal.
मर्यः man .. young man .. male .. lover, suitor .. stallion, horse .. camel.
मर्यकः (Ved.) little man .. male.
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मर्या limit, boundary
मर्यादा limit, boundary, frontier, border, verge; end, terminus; shore, bank; landmark; moral rule, propriety, decorum; contract, agreement.
मर्यादिन् keeping in bounds.. neighbour, borderer.
मारः killing, slaughter; death; evil one; Love; love; obstacle, hindrance; thorn apple.
मारक killing, destroying.
मारकः Kama; a destroyer; murderer; plague; hawk.
मारणम् killing, slaying.. a poison.
मारिः pestilence; killing, ruin
मारिका plague.
मारित slain, ruined, destroyed.
मारिन् dying; killing.
मारी plague, epidemic.
मारकत belonging to emerald.
मारव desert ..
मारिच peppery.
मारिचिक peppered.
मारिष word of respectful address.
मारीच of Marichi; Maricha; royal elephant; a plant; sacrificing priest; Kashyapa.
मारीची mother of Buddha
मारीचम् collection of pepper-shrubs
मारूण्डः serpent’s egg; cowdung; way, road; a place covered with cowdung.
मारूत of the Maruts .. aerial, windy.
मारूतः wind; Vayu; breath; trunk of elephant.
मारूती N.W.
मारूतम् Svati.
मारूतिः Hanuman; Bhima.
मार्कण्डः Name of ancient sage
मार्कण्डः Sun; arka tree; hog; 12.
मात्र्तिकः earthen.
मात्र्तिकः a pitcher; lid of pitcher.
मात्र्तिकम् clod, lump of earth.
मार्त्य mortal.
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मार्त्यम् mortality.
मार्मिक deeply versed.
म - क ख ग घ
मकरः crocodile .. a vyuha, earring, nyasa; tenth arc of 30⁰; one of the nine treasures.
मकरिन् the Ocean
मकरी female crocodile
मकरन्दः honey of flowers; a kind of jasmine; cuckoo; a bee; a kind of fragrant mango tree
मकरन्दं a filament
मकुटं crown.
मकुतिः a Government order addressed to the Sudras
मकुरः a mirror; the Bakula tree; bud; Arabian jasmine; the rod or handle of a potter’s wheel.
मकुलः the Bakul tree
मकुष्टः, मकुष्टकः a kind of kidney bean or rice
मकुष्ट slow
मकूलकः bud; tree called दन्ती
मक्क् go, move
मक्कलः a dangerous kind of abscess in abdomen, in pregnancy.
मक्कुलः benzoin, red chalk.
मक्कोलः chalk.
मक्ष् to accumulate, heap, collect; be angry
मक्षः wrath; hypocrisy; multitude, collection
मक्षवीर्यः the piyala tree
मक्षिकः, मक्षिका fly, bee
मख्, मंख् go, move, creep.
मख Vd. adorable, fit for offerings? lively, active, cheerful
मखस्यु Vd. wishing for wealth or sacrifice; lively, cheerful
मखः a sacrificial rite.
मगः a Magian; a priest of the Sun
मगधः Magadha; bard, minstrel
मगधा town of Magadha; long pepper.
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मगध्यति to surround; serve, be slave; attend upon.
मग्न
मघः one of the Dwipas; a country; a drug or medicine; pleasure; Magha.
मघं a kind of flower; gift, present; wealth, riches (Vd.)
मघवः, मघवन्, मघवत् Indra; Vyasa; liberal, munificent; an owl.
मघा the tenth asterism (5).
मघाभवः, -भूः Venus.
मंक् to go, move; decorate, adorn.
मंकिलः a forest conflagration
मंकुरः a mirror.
मंक्षणम् greaves.
मंक्षु immediately, quickly; exceedingly, very much; truly; really.
मंखः a royal bard; a mendicant.
मंग् to go, move.
मंगल auspicious, lucky; fortunate, prosperous; brave.
मंगलं auspiciousness; good fortune, felicity; well-being, welfare, good; good omen, blessing; auspicious object, event, rite; ancient custom; turmeric
मंगलः the planet Mars.. Agni.
मंगला, -ली a faithful wife; Durga; durva grass
मंगल्य auspicious etc; pleasing, beautiful; holy, pure, pious
मंगल्य: sacred fig; cocoanut tree; a sort of pulse; the Bel tree.
मंगल्या a fragrant sandal; Durga; an aloe-wood; a perfume; a yellow pigment
मंगल्यं auspicious water; gold, red lead; sandal-wood; sour curds
मंगल्यकः a kind of pulse (मसुर)
मंगिनी a boat, ship.
मंघ् to adorn, decorate; (A[tmanepada]) to cheat; begin; blame, censure; go, move, move quickly; start, set out.
माकन्दः Mango tree.
माकंदी myrobalan; yellow sandal; city on Ganges
माकलिः moon.
माख sacrificial.
मागधी long pepper; white cumin; refined sugar; a variety of
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cardamom, anise.
माघमा a female crab
माघ्यं flower of kunda creeper
मांक्ष् to wish, desire, long for.
मेकः a goat
मेकलः goat; a mountain
मखला belt, zone; slope of a mountain; hips; sword-belt, sword-knot; horse-girth; Narmada
मेखलिन् Shiva; Brahmacharin.
मेखलालः Shiva.
मेघः cloud; mass, multitude; a fragrant grass; one of the six Ragas.
मुकंदकः onion
मुकुः liberation; moksha.
मुकुटं crown, tiara; crest, peak, point.
मुकुती cracking the fingers.
मुकुन्दः Vishnu; quicksilver; a precious stone; a kind of drum; one of the nine treasures.
मुकुन्दकः a kind of grain; onion.
मुकुरः mirror, looking-glass; bud; handle of a potter’s wheel; Bakula tree; mallika creeper.
मुकुलः, मुकुलं bud; body; soul or spirit.
मुकुष्ठः, मुकुष्ठकः a kind of bean.
मुक्त loosened; relaxed; liberated; abandoned, taken off; thrown, hurled, ejected, fallen; given; emitted; deprived
मुक्तकं missile; simple prose; a detached stanza.
मुक्ता pearl; courtesan; name of plant.
मुक्तिः release; freedom; moksha; abandonment; discharge, throwing; payment; opening, unloosing.
मुखं mouth; face, countenance; muzzle, snout; front, van, top, tip, head, pointed edge; teat, nipple; beak, bill; direction, quarter; opening, mouth; entrance, door; means; beginning; introduction; principal; source;
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cause; surface; utterance; Vedas; starting point of dramatic action; first term in progression; side opposite base.
मुखंपचः a beggar.
मुखर garrulous; noisy, sounding; expressive of; abusive, mocking. मुखरः crow; leader; conchshell.
मुखरयति to cause to sound, talk; notify
मुखरी bit of bridle
मुखरीकृ cause to resound or talk.
कुखरिका bit; conversation.
मुखीय being at the top
मुख्य of the mouth; chief; leader.
मुख्यं principal rite; reading or teaching Vedas; month between new moons.
मुख्यता, मुख्यत्वं preeminence.
मुख्यशः chiefly, principally, above all.
मुगूहः a kind of gallinule
मोकं cast off skin
मोक्ष् release, set free; untie, undo; wrest away; cast, fling; shed; detach, extract.
मोक्षः: liberation, rescue, emancipation; death; falling off; loosening, unbinding; shedding, discharging; scattering; payment; end of eclipse; a tree.
मोक्षक delivering; deliverer.
मोक्षणं liberating, deliverance, loosening; resigning; shedding, squandering, discharging.
मोक्षिन् desirous of emancipation, emancipated.
मोघ vain, useless; aimless; left, abandoned; idle.
मोघः fence, enclosure, hedge.
मोघा trumpet-flower
मोघं in vain, to no purpose, uselessly.
मोघीकृ to render useless, frustrate.
मौकलिः, मौकुलिः crow.
मौक्तिकं pearl.
मौक्यं dumbness.
मौख्यं precedence, superiority
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मौखर्यं garrulity, abuse
मौघ्यं uselessness.
मृग् seek, search for; hunt, pursue; aim at, strive for; examine, investigate; ask for, beg; visit, frequent.
मृगः animal; wild beast; deer; game; musk; seeking, search; pursuit, inquiry, soliciting; particular class of men; Mrigasirsha; a month; Makara; a district in Shakadwipa.
मृगणा searching; investigation.
मृगयस् (Vedic) a wild animal.
मृगया hunting, chase.
मृगयुः hunter, fowler; jackal; Brahman.
मृगव्यं hunting; target, butt.
मृगित hunted, sought, solicited.
मृगी a female deer .. epilepsy; a class of women.
मृग्य to be sought, hunted.
मर्क Vd. cleaning; perishing.
मर्कः vital breath; ape, monkey
मर्ककः spider.
मर्कटः ape, monkey; spider; crane; a coitus; a poison.
मर्कटकः ape; spider; a fish; a grain.
मर्करा a pot, vessel; cavity, cavern, hollow; barren woman.
मार्कण्डः Son of Mrikanda.
मागर् to seek after; strive after; hunt, chase; trace; solicit; ask in marriage; go, move; decorate, adorn.
मार्गः way, path; course, passage; reach, range; scar, mark; channel; canal; search; mode, style, custom; ground for litigation; high style in art; hinting future dramatic development; section; anus; Mrigasirsha, Margasirsha.
मार्गकः Margasirsha.
मार्गणम्, -णा begging, seeking, investigation
मार्गण seeking, inquiring, begging; beggar; arrow; 5
मार्गणकः beggar, suppliant.
मार्गशिरः, -शिरस्, -शीर्ष a month
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मार्गशिरी, -शीर्षी full moon day of M.
मार्गिकः traveller; hunter.
मार्गिन् pioneer, guide, leader
ம—Sanscrit म
maka—1. enfant, poupon, age tendre. 2. offrande. Rt मक् to embrace, to give.
mahaka—tortue.
mahakan—homme excellent, distingué, Vichnou. (Rt मह् +अक)
mahankaram—orgueil. (Rt मह् +अ)
mahasam—connaissance, sorte, espèce (Rt मह् +अस् +अ) From मह: = vijnana.
மகடூ—mahadu—jeune fille, femme. Rt मक् .
மகண்மா, hermaphrodite.
மகண்மை, état de fille. மகதை (magadhai), poivre long, piment.
[1] Rt mal. a = a, o, e, u.
Lat. mollis; malus; mel, mellis; mulceo; mulgio; malleus; malum; multus; mulciber.
Gr. μέλoς μέλπω μἣλoν μαλερóς μαλθαxóς μαλαxóς μέλαθρoν μελάνθɩoν μελανία μέλεoς μέλɩ μóλɩς μέλλω μέλω μάλα μᾶλλoν μάλɩστα μάλαϒμα μαλαxύνω μέλδoμαɩ (μελεδαίνω μελέδƞμα μελεδών μελεδώνƞ) μελία μέλɩoς μαλάσσω μάλƞ μάλθα μάλɩoν μάλxƞ μαλxέω μαλλóς μαλλωɩóς μαλλωɩóς μαλóς μαλóς μƞλέα μƞλóω μέλας μελɩxóς
S. माला मल स्त्रै मलयः मल्लः
mellay.
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[2]-The Root मल् in Greek
I. Forms in which the vowel remains unmodified.
μάλα very, greatly, vehemently, exceedingly; by all means, surely. OS मल mala. Accusative case of the root substantive मल्, mal, meaning abundance, copiousness. Root meaning, to flourish, thrive.
μάλαϒμα (μαλάϒματoς) poultice, plaster, balm, anodyne. OS मलज्मः, मलज्मसः softening, alleviation, caressing; balm, anodyne; softening application of oil, etc. Root मल् to be soft, soften; +ज् with the connecting enclitic अ, implying effective and persistent application, +म, nominal root, with the idea of fact or substantiality.
μαλαxóς soft; soothing; mild; effeminate; negligent. OS मलकः, root मल् to be soft with the common adjectival suffix क preceded by the connecting enclitic अ. (क is in sense qualitative and possessive.)
μαλαxία softness, effeminacy, sickness. OS मलक्या. Feminine nominal suffix या implying often the abstract quality peculiar to the adjective or noun to the stem of which it is attached. Later Sanscrit preferred ता, त्व, तिः etc. Cf छाया, वन्या, जाया, चर्या and the more frequent neuter form in यम् answering to the Greek ɩoν.
μαλαxίζω I soften, soothe, unman. Greek formation. OS verbal form in त्स with a frequentative sense, preserved in words like वत्स, preceded by connecting enclitic इ.
μαλαxóτƞς (-τƞτoς ) softness. OS मलकताः, मलकतासः; the nominal suffix ताः describing an abstract quality was replaced in later Sanscrit by ता.
μαλαxύνω I soften, make effeminate. Greek formation. OS conjugational termination ना(मि) preceded by the long connecting enclitic ऊ.
μαλαxῶς softly. OS मलकवः adverbial suffix वः, वत्, वन्, as in modern Sanscrit विनीतवत्, humbly, शश्वत्, eternally. वः was in Old Sanscrit the commoner alternative form.
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μαλάσσω I soften, mitigate, relax. OS मलत्या (मि), Nominal Verb, from the adjective मलत्यः, soft.
μαλάχƞ mallows. OS मालशा from Rt मल् to thrive, flourish, be plump, with the adjectival suffix श.
μαλερóς Bright, clear .. hot, burning, consuming. OS मलरः, (remaining in Tamil malar, a flower) blooming, bright, prosperous, strong, energetic, forcible. Rt मल् to bloom, flourish, with the nominal suffix र preceded by the connecting enclitic अ. (र is in sense possessive with an action outward on the surroundings.)
μάλƞ Armpit. OS मला, down, hair on the body; a place where such hair is specially plentiful. Rt मल् to bloom, flourish.
μάλθα Soft wax; a wax tablet. OS मल्हा (feminine). Rt मल् to be soft, with nominal suffix ह; softness, down, velvet, wax .. strength.
μαλθαχóς soft. OS मल्हकः, alternative form to मलक, from derivative root मल्ह् to soften.
μαλθάσσω soft. OS मल्हत्या (मि), alternative form to मलत्यामि and formed in the same way, but from root मल्ह्. The त्य became ττ in Greek, modified to σσ. Rt मल्, to be soft.
μάλɩσν long hair. OS माल्यम् a wreath, a garland, braid. Rt मल् to bloom. मल, माल a plant, flower, garden; माला, a collection of flowers, wreath, garland, माल्यम्, anything made of flowers. Rt मल् to bloom.
μάλɩστα most. OS मलिष्ठः, superlative of मलः, strong, abundant, copious.
μαλxέω to be benumbed, shrivelled, torpid.OS मल्शयामि. Latin mulceo. In transitive sense, to soften, knead, relax, unnerve; in intransitive, to be softened, compressed, contracted. Rt मल् to be soft.
μάλxƞ numbness, torpidity. OS मल्शा, the state of softness, relaxation or unreserved contraction .. the discomfort, shrinking that results from cold.
μᾶλλoν more. OS मल्यम् comparative of मलः, strong, abounding.
μαλλóς; fleece, wool, lock of hair. OS मल्लः, luxuriant growth, down, fleece etc. from Rt मल्, to thrive, flourish, with the
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adjectival suffix ल, giving a sense of abundance.
μαλλωτóς woolly, downy, soft. Provincial form मल्लातः instead of मल्लित from nominal verb मल्ला -मि, to strengthen, thicken, soften. Cf Latin vallatus from vallum and vallo. OS वल्लम् and वल्लामि.
μαλóς soft, tender, downy. OS मलः, soft, tender, sweet; strong, abundant, copious.
[3] Derivatives of the Root मल् in Sanscrit.
मल् (मलते, मलयति) to hold, possess. From O.S. Rt मल् to contain, embrace, hold.
मल Dirty, foul (physically or morally). From Rt मल् to fade, be tarnished, soiled, dirty +nominal termination अ
मलः, मलं Dirt, filth, impurity (physical or moral). Peculiar uses —camphor (from Rt मल् to be sweet, referring to the scent; cf μέλɩ mel = honey) .. leather .. cuttlefish bone.
मलनं Crushing, grinding. From Rt मल् to be strong, used with transitive sense, to use strength upon, labour, work, knead, crush, grind. Cf मल्ल, a wrestler, Greek μαλερóς; Latin moles, mass and moliri, to work with labour or difficulty from the kindred root मुल्.
मलनः Tent. From Rt मल् to contain. Literally, a tenement, abode.
मलयः The Southern mountain .. garden .. side of a mountain (Rt मल् to bloom, be verdant, luxuriant +vague adjectival termination अय answering to English ish, ly).
मलाका Rt मल् to be sweet, soft, forming मल honey, sweetness, enjoyment, love, a sweet or an impure secretion +adjectival suffix âka, (lengthened form of aka, Lat. acus, Gr. αxoς eg (μαλαxóς)), 1. an amorous woman. 2. a female friend, confidante. 3. a female elephant.
मलिः Possession, enjoyment. Rt मल् to possess, embrace, enjoy +nominal termination इ.
मलिकः King. From Rt मल् to possess.
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मलिन Foul, soiled, dark, vile. From Rt मल् to be soiled, faded +adjectival termination इन.
मलिनं Sin, fault, guilt. (The same). Butter-milk .. Borax. (From मल secretion, juice +इन meaning “of the nature of a secretion or extract”)
मलिनता, मलिनत्वं, मलिनयति, मलिनित, मलिनिमन्, मलिनीकृ, मलिनीभू. Derivatives of मलिन.
मलिल्मुचः From मलि, bloom; honey; sweetness, fragrance; an impure secretion; foulness, fault, defect +स्लुचः thief, robber, remover. Originally, a bee, thief of honey; then generally 1. a robber, thief; 2. a demon (fiend, enemy); 3. gnat, mosquito; 4. air or wind (stealer of fragrance); 5. a Brahmana neglecting the Yajnas, but still enjoying Brahmin privileges. 6. Fire, the remover of impurities. 7. An intercalary month, (removing the defect of the calendar). 8. Frost or snow, remover of sweetness or pleasure.
मलिष्ठा A woman in her course. Superlative from मल in the same sense as मलाका.
Rt मल् Sanscrit. (Apte)
मल् to hold, possess (1A. 10U.)
मल dirty; mean; wicked; godless.
मलं, मलः dirt, impurity; dregs, sediment, excrement; dross, rust, alloy; sin; bodily excretions; camphor; cuttlefish bone; tanned leather, leather garment; the bodily humours.
मलं a kind of base metal.
मलवत् dirty, foul.
मलनं crushing, grinding.
मलनः tent.
मलयः garden; Indra’s garden; mountain-side; Malay (the mountain).
मलाका an amorous woman; female friend, messenger, confidante; female elephant.
मलिः possession; enjoyment.
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मलिकः a king.
मलिन dirty, impure, soiled; sinful; low, vile; clouded, obscured.
मलिनं sin, fault; buttermilk; borax.
मालिना, मलिनी menstruous woman.
मालिनता dirtiness, filth, sinfulness.
मलिनयति to dirty, stain, defile, spoil.
मलिनित dirty, spoiled.
मलिनिमन् dirtiness, foulness; sin, impurity; darkness.
मलिनकृ to soil, stain; darken, obscure.
मलिनीभू to become dirty, impure etc.
मलिल्मुचः gnat; thief; air, breeze; fire; intercalary month; a demon; a Brahmin who neglects his daily yajna; frost, snow; a chitraka tree.
मलिष्ठा a woman in her courses.
मलीमस dirty, impure etc (मलिन); iron; green vitriol.
मल्ल् to hold, possess.
मल्ल् strong, robust; excellent.
मल्लः strong man, wrestler, athlete; drinking vessel; remnants of oblation; cheek and temple; mixed caste (outcast Ksh. [Kshatriya] by Ksh. woman); the Malla race and country.
मल्ला a woman; Arabian jasmine; ornamenting with cosmetics or coloured unguents.
मल्लकः lamp stand; oil vessel; lamp; cup of cocoanut shell; a tooth; a kind of jasmine.
मल्लारः one of the six Ragas.
मल्लिः, मल्ली a kind of jasmine.
मल्लिपत्रं mushroom.
मल्लिका a kind of goose; Magh month; shuttle; a kind of jasmine; lampstand; an earthern vessel of a particular form.
मल्लीकरः thief.
मल्लू bear.
मल्लूरः rust of iron.
मालः district in west Bengal; a mountain tribe; name of Vishnu.
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मालं field; high ground; wood near village; fraud, deceit.
मालकः nym tree; wood near village (park); pot of cocoa nut shell.
मालका, मालकं garland.
मालकौशः name of a Raga.
मालतिः a kind of jasmine; bud, blossom; virgin, young woman; night; moonlight.
मालयः Sandalwood (text missing)
मालवः Malwa or its people; name of a Raga.
मालवकः Malwa; inhabitant of Malwa.
मालसी a plant.
माला garland, wreath; series, line; group, collection; string, necklace, chain; streak; technical term in drama.
मालिकः florist, gardener; dyer, painter; wreathmaker; a kind of bird.
मालिका garland, etc; a jasmine; linseed; daughter; palace; a bird; intoxicating drink.
मालित wreathed; engirt.
मालिन् garlanded.
माली gardener; florist.
मालिनी female florist; city of Champa; seven year old girl, Durga at Durga festival; Durga; celestial Ganges; name of a metre, of a river, of Bibhishana’s mother; of Draupadi at Virat’s court.
मालेयः florist.
मालयः relating to garland.
माल्यं garland; flower.
माल्यवत् wreathed; name of a mountain; maternal uncle of Ravana.
मालिन्यं foulness; affliction.
मालुः a creeper; woman.
मालुधानः a kind of snake.
मालूरः bel-tree; kapittha tree.
मालेया large cardamom.
माल्लः a mixed caste.
माल्लवी wrestling-match.
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Root मिल्
मिल् to join, meet, accompany, gather; unite; encounter; close with; embrace; find, fall in with; concur; come to pass, happen.
मिलनम् joining; meeting, union, assembling; encounter; contact, mixture.
मिलित joined; come together, met, assembled; encountered; combined; mixed; put together, taken together.
मिलिन्दः bee.
मिलिन्दकः a kind of snake.
मिलीमिलिन् an epithet of Shiva.
मेलः meeting, union; intercourse; assembly, company; fair.
मेलनम् union, junction, association; mixture; an encounter; fight.
मेला union, intercourse; company, assembly, society; antimony; indigo-plant; ink; a musical scale.
मेलापकः uniting, collecting; a crowd; assembly; conjunction of planets.
मेलायनम् combination, conjunction.
मैलिन्दः bee.
मील् close, close the eyes, wink, twinkle; close, be closed; fade, disappear, vanish; meet.
कीलनम् closing of eyes, winking, twinkling; closing of flower; a concealed simile.
मीलित shut, closed; twinkled; half-shut, unblown; vanished, disappeared; assembled; a figure in rhetoric.
Root मुल्
मुल् (10) to plant.
मूल् to take root, stand fast; (caus.) to plant, rear; grow, sprout, germinate.
मूलम् root; extremity, lowest part; end, base, edge; foot,
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bottom; beginning, origin, cause, basis; original text; capital, principal, stock; vicinity; hereditary servant; square root; one’s own territory, base; vendor, not true owner; capital city; aboriginal; thicket, copse, arbour; nineteenth asterism, Mula.
मूलक rooted in, springing from, based on; born under Mula.
मूलकः, मूलकम् radish.
मूलकः a poison.
मूला a plant; Mula.
मूलिक radical, original; primary, principal; living on roots.
मूलिकः ascetic.
मूलिका root; collection of roots.
मूलिन् tree.
मूलिनः plant, tree; (adj.) growing from a root.
मूली small house lizard.
मूलेरः king; Indian spikenard.
मूल्य at the root; to be eradicated; purchasable.
मूल्यम् price, cost; wages, salary, hire; gain; capital, principal; original value; purchasable article.
मौल radical; original; ancient; nobly born; hereditary.
मौलः hereditary minister.
मौलि head, foremost, best.
मौलिः head, crown of the head; top; crown, tiara; hair on crown, tuft, lock, braid; earth; Asoca.
मौली earth.
मौलिक radical; chief, prime; inferior.
मौलिकः dealer in roots, root-digger.
मौलिन् crowned.
मौल्यम् price.
Contracted roots of the Class
मल्क्ष् (10) cut, divide.
मिल्ष्ट indistinct, spoken indistinctly; barbarous; withered, faded.
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मिल्ष्टम् indistinct or barbarous speech.
मुल्च्, मंल्च् to go, move (म्रुच्)
मेल्च्छः barbarian; outcast; sinner; foreign speech.
मेल्च्छम् copper.
मेल्च्छनम् speaking indistinctly, confusedly, in a barbarous tongue.
मेल्चिछत spoken indistinctly.
मेल्च्छितम् a foreign tongue; ungrammatical speech.
मेल्च्छितकम् foreign or barbarous speech.
ल्मेट् to be mad.
ल्मेव् to worship, serve.
म्लै to fade, wither; grow weary, exhausted; languish; be downcast; become thin; decline; disappear, vanish.
ल्मात faded, withered; tanned white.
ल्मान faded, withered; weary, languid; feeble, weak, faint; dejected; black, dirty.
ल्मानम् fading, withering.
ल्मानिः fading, decay; languor, lassitude; dejection; foulness.
ल्मायत् withering; declining.
ल्मायिन् d[itt]o.
ल्मान्सु becoming faded, growing thin, languid or weary.
Greek.
μάλα; very much, very, greatly; surely.
μᾶλλoν; more.
μάλɩστα; most.
μαλερóς; bright, clear; hot, burning, consuming.
μάλαϒμα; poultice, plaster, balm, anodyne.
μαλαxóς; soft, soothing, mild; effeminate; negligent.
μαλαxία; softness, effeminacy; sickness.
μαλαxίζω; soften, soothe, unman.
μαλαxóτƞς; softness.
μαλαxύνω; soften, make effeminate.
μαλαxῶς; softly.
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μαλάσσω; soften; make effeminate.
μαλάχƞ; mallows.
μάλƞ; armpit.
μάλθα; soft wax, wax tablet.
μαλθαxóς; soft, etc. see μαλαxóς
μαλθάσσω; soften.
μάλɩoν; long hair.
μαλxέω; be benumbed, shrivelled, torpid.
μάλxƞ; numbness, torpidity.
μαλλóς; fleece, wool, lock of hair.
μαλλωτóς; soft, woolly, downy.
μαλóς; soft, tender, downy.
μἣλoν; apple, quince; apple tree; sheep; small cattle; property, substance; pet, darling.
μἣλα; cheeks, breasts, lips; glands in throat; inflammation or disease of the eye.
μἣλάω; to gather apples.
μƞλάνθƞ; a beetle living on apple blossoms.
μƞλέα; apple tree.
μήλƞ; probe.
μƞλɩάδες; nymphs of apple trees.
μήλεɩoς; of sheep, ovine.
μƞλίτƞς; made of apples, the juice of apples.
μƞλoβoτέω; feed sheep, herd, graze.
μƞλóβoσɩς; shepherdess.
μƞλoβoɩήρ; shepherd.
μƞλoβóɩƞς; shepherd.
μƞλóβoɩoς; fed on by sheep, pastured, good for pasture; wild, desert.
μƞλoδóxoς; receiving sheep (temple)
μƞλoθύτƞς; a priest.
μƞλoνoμεύς; shepherd.
μƞλoνóμoς; shepherd.
μƞλoπάρƞoς; rosy-cheeked, blooming.
Mἣλoς; Melos.
μƞλóσπoρoς; planted with apple trees.
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μƞλoσϕαϒέω; to sacrifice sheep.
μƞλoɩρóϕoς; feeding sheep.
μƞλoϕoρέω; to bear or produce apples.
μƞλóω; to probe, syringe, dress; plunge, dip, immerge.
μƞλωτή; sheepskin.
μƞλωτρίς; ear-picker, probe.
μήλωϕ; rosy; ruddy.
[4] Gr.
μάλα very, much. μᾶλλoν μάλɩστα
μάλαϒμα plaster, anodyne, balm.
μαλαxία softness.
μαλαxóς soft, effeminate. மலடன் impotent, barren μαλαxῶς மலடி
μαλαxóτƞς softness.
μαλαxύνω to soften
μαλάσσω to soften
μαλάχƞ allows.
μαλερóς hot, burning, consuming, bright, clear
μάλƞ armpit
μάλθα soft wax, wax tablet
μαλθαxóς soft; sweet, melting.
μάλɩoν long hair.
μαλίς,μƞλίς an apple-tree.
μαλxέω to be shrivelled with cold, benumbed, torpid
μάλxƞ numbness.
μαλλóς fleece, wool, down, lock of hair.
μαλλωɩóς fleecy, hairy, soft.
μαλóς soft, downy.
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ἀμαλóς
μƞλάνθƞ a kind of beetle
μƞλάω to gather apples
μƞλέα an apple-tree
μήλƞ a probe
μῆλoν apple, quince, round fruit.
μῆλoν sheep, small cattle, property.
μῆλα (plu.) cheeks, breasts, lips, pet, darling.
μƞλóω to probe, syringe, plunge, dip, immerge.
μƞλωτρἰ ear-picker, probe
μƞλωτή a sheepskin.
μoλϒóς a leathern bag or bottle,
(Ae.βoλϒóς) a simpleton, an extortioner, peculator.
μoλεῖν to have come.
μóλɩβoς, μóλνβoς lead
μóλɩβδoς lead or μóλνβδoς
μóλίβδεoς leaden
μóλίς scarcely, with difficulty.
μoλoβρóς beggar, parasite
μoλóθoνρoς a kind of herb
μóλóς labour, battle, confusion, tumult
μoλóχƞ mallows.
μoλπή a song, air.
μoλύνω to discolour, stain, dye; to corrupt, defile, taint.
μóλυνσɩς pollution, defilement.
μέλαθρoν ridgebeam, roof, house.
μελαθρóω roof, vault; form into cells or chambers.
μελαίνω to blacken.
μελανθέα a disease of the eyes.
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μελάνθɩoν a black poppy
μελανία a blackness, darkness
μελαντƞρἰα a blacking, dirt
μέλας black, gloomy மலம்
μέλασμα darkness, blackness; mole
μέλδω soften, liquefy, melt; boil up so cook
μελεδαἰνω regard, take care of. மலங்கு to be troubled, anxious, agitated.
μελέδƞμα care, anxiety.
μελεδών guardian, steward; king, ruler மலங்கல் , trouble, perplexity, agitation, shock.
μελεδώνƞ care, anxiety. மலக்கம் trouble, confusion,
μέλεɩ it is a care, concern மலக்கடி disorder, embarrassment.
μελεἵστί asunder, piecemeal
μέλεoς fruitless, vain; wretched, unhappy.
μελετάω take care of, mind; meditate, study; practise.
μελέτƞ care, meditation, practice
μελέτƞα care, study, institution
μελετƞτήρɩoν schoolroom, study ..instrument.
μελετƞρóς anxious, careful
μελετƞɩxóς contemplative;
μελετɩxóς murmuring
μελετƞτóς practised; attainable by care.
μελέτωρ one who has a care for
μελƞδών solicitude, concern.
μέλƞμα object of care, concern.
μελƞσίμβρoτoς renowned, interesting
μέλɩ honey
μελία ashtree; spear, shaft.
μελɩαδής melodious. μελίϒλωσσoς etc
μελίζω sing.
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μελɩxóς harmonious, sweet.
μελɩxτής a singer, musician
μελɩναία honied, sweet (Venus).
μελίνƞ a coarse grain
μέλɩνoς made of ash.
μέλɩσμσ song, tune.
μέλɩσσα, bee, priestess μέλɩττα
μελɩσσεύς a keeper of bees.
μελίσσɩoς belonging to bees.
μελɩστής a singer.
μελίɩεɩα borage, honeysuckle
μελɩτóεɩς sweet, calm.
μελɩτóω to sweeten.
μελɩτώδƞς sweet as honey.
μελίτωμα confectionery
μέλxα milk.
μέλλƞσɩς delay
μέλλƞμα
μέλλƞτής loiterer
μέλλω to be about to, intend .. delay, hesitate
μέλoς member, limb, song, verse, tune
μέλπƞθρoν song, dance, sport
μέλπω to sing.
μέλω to sing mournfully
μελῳδέω to sing, play.
μελῳδία music, harmony.
μείλίϒμα balm, soothing .. offering to dead
μείλɩoν present, dowry.
μεɩλίσσω to sweeten, please, appease.
μεɩλɩχία gentleness, blandishment
μεɩλίχɩoς gentle, courteous, conciliatory
Page 710
[1] Strength.
valde. वलिता (वलित्) valeo. (वलया) valens. वलन् Valerius, from वलर, वलर्यः valesco. वलक्षा valetudo valide. वलिता validus. वलित vallo—to fortify, enwall. वल्ला vallus. वल्लः palisade—post, stake valvae. वल्वा folding doors.
vel—especially, also, even, or. velut—as, as though, as for instance. velox—swift. वालाचः
valgus vulcanus vulgo vulgus. vulgo
[2]-VAL.
Derivatives of the Aryan root val in Latin.
I Word retaining the root unchanged.
Valde: very, exceedingly. Contracted from valide. O.S. valitâ, with strength, strongly, forcibly; eminently, to excess. Instrumental case of valit, strength. Rt val with nominal suffix t preceded by the enclitic i.
Valedico: I say farewell. Latin compound from vale and dico.
Valens: strong, powerful... well, healthy. O.S. valan, dialectical form valans, strong, flourishing. Rt val with nominal suffix n preceded by the enclitic a.
Valenter: strongly, powerfully. For valent-ter; the stem of valens with the suffix ter answering to the O.S. termination tas in itas, tatas, sarvatas, etc, originally tar, meaning way or side. Cf Mahratti tar, tarhi (Sanscrit), Bengali ta or to.
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Valentulus: strong. Latin analogical formation. Valent, stem of valens, and O.S. diminutive suffix ulas.
Valeo: I am strong, avail, am well... am worth, signify. O.S. valayâ(mi), I luxuriate, am strong, flourish, am well. Habituative, (also causal) of Rt val.
Valerius. Name of a Roman gens or kula. O.S. Valaryas, patronymic from valaras, strong, powerful, used as a proper name. Rt val with nominal suffix ra preceded by the enclitic a.
Valesco: I grow strong. O.S. valakshâ(mi). Progressive of val.
Valetudinarius: sickly. Analogical Latin formation from valetudo (stem in) by adding O.S. âryas or aryas, double adjectival suffix from âra or ara, used also in patronymics as in valarya above. Cf vara and varya.
Valetudo (stem in): health, good or bad. O.S. valatudâ, state of health formed from valat, health by adding da (danam, like ma, manam in mahima) preceded by the enclitic u.
Valgus: bandylegged... crooked, wry (e.g. valga suavia). O.S. valgas, crooked, curving. Rt val to turn, bend, with the nominal suffix ga.
Valgius: name of a Roman gens. O.S. valgyas, patronymic from valga.
Valide: strongly, powerfully. O.S. valitâ with strength, strongly. See valde.
Validus: strong, powerful, healthy; superior. O.S. valitas, strong from val, past participle with active and adjectival sense. Rt val with nominal suffix ta preceded by the enclitic i.
Vallaris: of the wall. Analogical Latin formation from vallum by adding to the stem valla the termination aris, O.S. aris which is the common nominal suffix ri (also ra, ru) preceded by the enclitic a. Cf vallari, Murari, wrongly translated slayer or enemy of Mura, really meaning Protector of Defender, from mur, to protect, (cf murus, wall).
Vallis: valley, hollow. O.S. vallis, a hollow, cup, depression. Rt val, to bend, curve with nominal suffix li. The modern Sanscrit vallis, a creeper, is derived from the sense of to luxuriate, flourish, but it has a rare meaning, earth, the curving earth, globe.
Page 712
Vallo: I stockade, enwall, fortify. O.S. valla(mi) I strengthen. Nominal verb from vallam, strong.
Vallum: a stockade, wall, defence. O.S. vallam, strong; a strong place, stronghold, fortification. Rt val, to be strong with nominal suffix la.
Vallus: a palisade; post or stake of the palisade. O.S. vallas, a prop, post, stake, place of defence. See vallum.
Valvae: folding doors. O.S. valva, curving, folding, rolling, wheeling (feminine valvâ). Rt val, to turn, fold, roll, wheel, with the nominal suffix va.
Valvatus: provided with folding doors. Analogical Latin formation from valvae by adding the participial termination atus to the stem. O.S. âtas, nominal suffix ta with the long enclitic â.
[A draft of the preceding continues:]
vel—or; and also; or even; actually; especially. OS वल् acc. वल, originally a substantive, meaning strength, force, increase. (Rt val—to flourish, be strong; adverbially—especially, even, in addition; or even. Cf velut.)
Velleius—name of a Roman gens. Patronymic वल्लेयः from वल्लिः strong, flourishing (= Floreus). Rt वल् and modificant ल् with the terminal enclitic इ.
vellicatio—plucking .. carping. Analogical Latin formation from vellicatus, PP of vellico, by adding substantival termination io (ionem) OS या, यानं to the stem vellicat.
vellico—I pluck, twitch .. carp at. OS Nom. वल्लिका from Noun वल्लिक् Rt वल्ल् and nominal क् preceded by enclitic इ.
vello—pluck, twitch, pull. OS वल्ल्, Intensive of वल् to bend, twine, twitch.
vellus, G. velleris—wool, hide. OS वल्लः, G. वल्लसः. Thick curling hair, fleece. Rt वल्ल् to bend, curl, flourish and nominal termination स, preceded by enclitic अ.
velut(i)—even as, just as. OS वलत् Nominative, वलति Locative identical inmeaning with वल् —originally a substantive (Rt वल् and nominal त with enclitic अ) meaning strength, force, increase, addition.
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vola—hollow of hand or foot. OS वला hollow. Rt वल् to curve, bend, with feminine nominal termination आ. Cf vallis.
volaticus—flying .. fleeting, inconstant. Analogical Latin formation from participial stem volat (volo, I fly) by adding adjectival termination icus (इकः, क् with enclitics इ and अ).
volatilis—winged, rapid, fleeting. Analogical Latin formation from the same stem by adding adjectival termination ilis (इलिः = ल् with enclitic इ connective, before and after.)
volatus—flying; flight. OS वलातुः. Rt वल् to wheel, gyre, fly in curves, with lengthened enclitic आ and compound nominal termination तुः (composed of nominal त् and nominal स् preceded by enclitic उ)
volemum—a kind of pear. OS वलामम् Rt वल् to curve, be round, plump and nominal suffix म preceded by enclitic अ and followed by neuter termination म्. Originally an adjective, meaning round and plump.
Greek
Sanscrit त् —Gr. σ.
पतिः πóσɩς Att. πράττω for πράσσῳ, περɩττóς for περɩσσóς तु (त्वां) σύ (M. तू, B. तुइ) περɩσσóς परित्यः
σάβανoν towel, napkin, cloth
σαβoί priests of Bacchus obscene rites
σαβoῖ shout of Bacchanals
σαβάζω to riot, indulge indecently
σαβάζɩoς Bacchus
σάϒαρɩς,-ɩoς battle axe, hatchet sword, scimitar, Persian sword
σαϒή covering, cloak armour, harness, trappings
σάϒμα covering for horse, saddle, pad load or burden for beast
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σάϒoς soldier’s cloak, cassock
σαϒήνƞ net, fishing net
σαϒƞνεύω net, catch .. carry away
σαθρóς (σαπρóς) old, rotten, decayed obscene
σαθρóω corrupt, destroy, putrefy
σάθƞ Linga
σαίνω to move, shake, waver shake off, thrust away wag the tail, fawn, flatter, coax
σαίνoυρoς adj. fawning, wagging tail
σαίρω clean, sweep, brush gape, open mouth, laugh, grin, snarl gnash the teeth
σάxoς,-εoς shield, buckler, target
σαxεσϕóρoς shield-bearer
σαxέσπαλoς
σάxxoς sack, sackcloth, haircloth strainer
σαxxίoν little bag—pad, cushion a kind of snowshoes for horses
σαxxεύω,-έω, -ίζω, σαxxελίζω to pass through bag, filter, purify
σαλαΐζω lament, bewail
σαλάxων boasting, bragging, one who apes the rich
σαλαμάνδρα salamander
σαλάμβƞ window, chink, hole guardian idol at door
σαλεύω shake, to gather down
σαλάσσω fill up, fill to the brim
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