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... by a matrimonial alliance between the rival parties. This has been generally taken to mean that Chandragupta married a daughter of Seleucus, but this is not warranted by known facts. Henceforth Seleucus maintained friendly relations..." We may add that Seleucus did not only transfer to Sandrocottus the Greek satrapies west of the Indus: he also acquiesced in the Indian's de facto sovereignty... Amitrachates or his son. 4 Greek historians have recorded in some detail the dealings of Alexander the Great with Indian monarchs and of Seleucus with Sandrocottus. According to Athenaeus, Sandrocottus sent presents including certain powerful aphrodisiacs to Seleucus. 5 Both Hegesander 1.Dikshit in Indian Culture, Vol. VI, p. 196. 2.E. R. Bevan, "India in Early Greek and Latin Literature"... of God', Devaputra. One more quotation on the theme - from the Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics: 1 "Both Seleucus and his son Antiochus were worshipped by the Athenian colonists in Lemnos... It is probable that all through the epoch the dynasties of Seleucus and Ptolemy ruled in Asia and Egypt respectively, the Greek cities which were subject to them, and some which were merely allied ...

... is of Appian (2nd century A.D.).' It brings in Seleucus Nicator's attempt to invade India in c. 305 B.C.: "He crossed the Indus and waged war on Sandrocottus, king of the Indians who dwelt about it, and he made friends and entered into relations of marriage with him." A little longer passage is in Plutarch (loc. cit.): 4 it touches also on Seleucus. After speaking of the huge army credited to... presented Seleucus with 500 elephants, and overran and subdued the whole of India with an army of 600,000 men." From Appian we learn simply that Sandrocottus ruled the Indus-region in c. 305 B.C. Plutarch does not locate the "throne" Sandrocottus mounted before that year and, if he is to be taken literally, Sandrocottus became an all-India emperor after the confrontation with Seleucus. But... submissively like a tame elephant received him on its back and fought vigorously in front of the army. Sandrocottus having thus won the throne was reigning over India when Seleucus was laying the foundation of his future greatness. Seleucus having made a treaty with him and otherwise settled his affairs in the east, returned home to prosecute the war with Antigonus." Leaving aside the prodigies ...

... Yonas or Yavanas. The latter terms came into vogue in a subsequent period - and then too it was not exclusively applied to the Greeks. Seleucus established friendly relations with the Indian monarch. C. 302 B.C. The arrival of Megasthenes, the ambassador of Seleucus, at the court of Chandragupta I, for a long stay, during which he gathered material for his Indica. This book evinces knowledge of... war in the 8th year of his reign. The Allāhābād Pillar Inscription's expression Daivaputra-Shāhi-ShāhānuShāhi refers to Antiochus I Soter, the son of Seleucus Nicator by a Persian wife, and his successor who inherited from Seleucus not only Syria but all Western Asia, including the old Persian Empire. He ruled from 281 to 262 B.C., practically the same period as Samudragupta. Greek historians... Lichchhavi princess Kumāradevī. This was a few years after his limited and local kingship in the north-west, heading an army of rebels to expel Alexander's prefects from that region. C. 305 B.C. Seleucus Nicator, successor of Alexander in the East, crossed the Indus at the river's 7 mouths to Sind but was met by Chandragupta I, pushed back, chased up the right bank of the river and defeated. The enemy ...

... s favouring the founder of the Imperial Guptas instead of the founder of the Maurya dynasty as the Indian original of the Greeks' Sandrocottus in the time of Alexander and his immediate successor Seleucus Nicator, there are substantial considerations to support the former and not the latter Indian monarch. The most obvious and perhaps the most decisive point is the information by Strabo (XV... and Latin documents paint Sandrocottus as a mighty warrior, a hero in his own right, one whose strong arm was felt not only in the Indus-region by the prefects whom Alexander had left behind and by Seleucus Nicator afterwards but also in various other parts of India. However, the one outstanding fact about Chandragupta Maurya is that he was a mere instrument in the hands of a Machiavellian fanatic of... besieged Pātaliputra and killed Dhana Nanda." Surely this blunderer cannot be the soldier whom the Greeks themselves admired as the liberator of India from the foreign yoke, one with whom Seleucus Nicator came to almost abject terms including perhaps even a daughter for marriage and whom Plutarch described as overrunning and subduing the entire country. Here we may be threatened with ...

... The Momentous Evidence of Megasthenes 1 Megasthenes, the Greek who lived at the court of the Indian king "Sandrocottus" for some years from c. 302 B.C. as the ambassador of Seleucus Nicator, wrote a very popular book entitled Indica. The book itself is lost but it has served as the source for several Classical authors' accounts of the country where the ambassador had sojourned... of July 326 B.C. 1 Thus we are sure that Sandrocottus mounted the throne of Palibothra later than this date, just as we are sure - from again Plutarch and Justin - that he had already done so when Seleucus crossed the Indus. But which of the two time-spans shall we take as our basis, helping us to correct the mistake of the other? Three considerations combine in favour of Pliny and Solinus. The... numeral must lead to more years than 6451. Since 2, 3 or 4 will not give us more years, what we need is something greater which will yet not carry us lower than 305 B.C. when the Indus was crossed by Seleucus and when Sandrocottus had already become king. 1 Either 5, 6 or 7 can serve our purpose,, providing us with 6452, 6462, 6472 and leading us from 326 B.C., the year of Alexander's invasion of India ...

... KadphisesII, 449; Kanishka, 430.449; Kumāra-gupta, 449-50; Kushānas, 430, 439, 445, 447, 449, 603; Mahmudbin Sam, 440; The Romans, 450-52; Śakas, 485; 'Samudra', 42; Samudra-gupta, 440, 441, 443, 447; Seleucus I, 438; Skanda-gupta, 449; Sophytes, 348 types: darics, 449-50; denarii, 450-52; dīnara, 450-52.602; 'eagles', 264; 'owls', 263. 264 cowries used as, 45; clothing of Guptas and Kushānas as shown... Schlumberger. D.. 357, 358. 359 Page 638 Scylax/Skylax of Caryanda, 462. 463, 464 Scythians, 21, 22, 24, 455.599 Seistān, 458 Seleucus Nicator, 1, 155, 192-5, 209, 212, 219, 226, 229, 237, 430, 433, 434, 435-7, 438, 445-6, 524, 531, 532, 596-7, 598 Sen, S.N., 506, 508 Senāpati (Skanda, Kārttikeya), 578, 582 Senāpati ...

... foreign writers on India soon after the invasion of the Punjāb by Alexander the Great in 326 B.C. Outstanding among these writers was Megasthenes, the ambassador sent to India in c. 302 B.C. by Seleucus Nicator, the chief successor of Alexander in the East. He came to the court of the king whom the Greeks called Sandrocottus and whose capital they designated Palibothra in the country of the Prasii... him, founded a dynasty in Magadha. Since Sandrocottus is reported to have not been a king when as an ambitious youth he first met Alexander and-to have already mounted the throne when in c. 305 B.C. Seleucus crossed the Indus to invade India but was pushed back by Sandrocottus, Chandragupta Maurya's accession to the Magadhan 1. Asiatic Researches, IV. p. 11. Page 1 kingship has ...

... mentioned cannot be identified with any tributary; for its own proper dimensions are given. Now, the distances which Pliny (VI.21) 1 in the 1st century A.D. reports as having been calculated for Seleucus Nicator (c. 305 B.C.) from the point where Alexander stood on the Hyphasis are: "168 miles to the Hesidrus (Śutudru, Sutlej), and to the river Jomanes (Yamunā) as many (some copies add 5 miles); ...