The Handbook on Plumeria

Glossary

Acuminate. Tapering with somewhat concave sides to a protracted, acute point.
Aestivation. The arrangement of the perianth or its parts in the bud.
Anther. The pollen-bearing part of the stamen.

Callus. In cuttings or on injuries, the thick new tissue that develops and covers the

injury.

Cambium. A layer of formative cells between the wood and bark in woody plants:

the cells increase by division and differentiate to form new wood and bark.

Cochleate. Coiled like a snail shell.
Comose. Bearing a tuft of soft hairs.

Corolla. The inner circle or second whorl of floral envelopes. (The outer whorl is the calyx.)

Cultivar. A horticultural variety or race that has originated and persisted under cultivation, not necessarily referable to a botanical species, and of botanical or horticultural importance, requiring a name.

Elliptical. Having the form of an ellipse as in certain leaves.

Endosperm. The starch and oil-containing tissue of many seeds; often referred to as the albumen.

Cotyledon. A seed leaf, a primary leaf in the embryo. Source of initial plant sustenance.

Follicle. A dry, dehiscent, one-carpelled fruit with usually more than one seed and
opening only along the ventral suture. (In plumerias these resemble two downward curving horns.)

Gamopetalus. With petals united to one another marginally, at least basally.

Genus. A more or less closely related and definable group of plants, including one or
more species; the name of the genus becomes the first word of the binomial employed
in horticultural and botanical literature. Thus, the oaks belong to the genus Quercus, the white oak is Quercus alba, etc.

Glabrous. Without hairs of any kind, not pubescent.

Inflorescence. 1) The mode of arrrangement of the flowers on a plant; 2) the flowering part of a plant; 3) the coming into flower of a plant

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Lanceolate. Lance-shaped, several times longer than broad and widest below the
middle, tapering with convex sides upward to the apex.

Membranaceous. Thin, soft and translucent, like a membrane.
Morphological. The characteristics of form and structure in plants.
Obovate. Inversely ovate, broader above rather than below the middle.
Obtuse. Blunt, rounded.

Pandurate. Fiddle-shaped, rounded at both ends and somewhat contracted at or about the middle.

Perianth. A collective term for the floral envelopes, the calyx, corolla or both.

Petiole. The stalk of a leaf.

Pistil. A unit of the gynoecium, composed of ovary, style (when present), and stigma.

Pubescent. Strictly, this means covered with soft, short, fine hairs; as commonly
used, however, the term means hairy, bearing hairs in a generalized sense without ref- erence to the type of hair.

Salverform. Said of a gamopetalus corolla with a slender tube and an abruptly expanded flat limb. Sessile. Immediately attached by the base.
Stamen. The pollen-bearing organ of a seed plant.

Stigma. The apical part of the pistil, which receives the pollen grains and provides conditions necessary for their germination.

Style. The more or less elongated part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma.

Subsessile. Not truly sessile; almost sessile.

Systematist, A taxonomist; a person who works according to a system.

Thrysiform. Shaped like a thyrse, thyrsus. A dense, panicle-like inflorescence in
which the main axis is indeterminate and the lateral axes are determinate.

Undulate. Having a wavy edge.
Whorl. A circle of three or more leaves, flowers, or other organs at one node.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden — Volume XXV, 1938 -ref: Studies in the

Apocynaceae VIII — Robert E. Woodson, Jr.

Badianus Manuscript, (in Latin), Francisco de Mendoza, Mexico D.F. 1552
Botany of the Maya Area-Miscellaneous Papers XIV — XXI, Publication 522, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. 1940

Catologo Alfabetico de Nobres Vulgares y Cientificos de Plantas que Existen en Mexico — A.L. Herrera, Estudios Biologicos, Mexico 1923

Color in the Sky — Edwin A. Menninger, Horticultural Books, Inc. New York, 1975

Use Plumerias for Variety and Fragrance — Richard A. Criley, The Sunday Star Bulletin & Advertiser, Honolulu, Hawaii June 1981

Dictionary of the Economic Products of India, A — George Watt, Cosmo Pulblishers,  Delhi 1896

Dictionary of Gardening — The Royal Horticultural Society, Edited by Fred J. Chittenden, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1951

Exotic Plumeria, The — Elizabeth H. Thornton with Sharon H. Thornton, Plumeria Specialties, Houston, Texas 1985

Exotica — A.B. Graf, 9th Ed. Roehrs Co. East Rutherford, New Jersey 1976

Familiar Flowering Trees in India, Ida Colthurst, Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, India 1924

Flora of Baja California — Ira L. Wiggins, University Press, Stanford, California 1980

Flower Leis of Hawaii, The — Dorothy and Bob Hargreaves, Hargreaves Company Inc. Kailua, Hawaii 1971

Flowering Trees — M.S. Randhawa, National Book Trust, New Delhi, India, 1965

Flowering Trees and Shrubs in India — D.V. Cowen, Thacker, Spink & Co., Bombay, India 1969

Flowering Trees in Subtropical Gardens — Gunther Kunkel, Dr. W. Junk b.v. Publishers, The Hague — Boston — London 1978

Flowering Trees of the Caribbean — Introduction by William C. White, Illus. by Bernard and Harriet Pertchik, Rinehart &. Company, New York 1951

Flowering Trees of the World — Edwin A. Menninger, Hearthside Press, Inc., New York 1962

Flowers and Their Messages — The Mother, Sri Aurobindo Ashram, Pondicherry,India 1979

Flowers of Guatemala — Carol Rogers Chickering, University of Oklahoma Press,Norman, OK 1973

Flowers of the World — Frances Perry, Hamlyn Publishers, London, 1972

Frangipani from Hawaii — Donald P. Watson, The Indian Journal of Horticulture —
Pub. Dr. K.L. Chadha for the Horticultural Society of India — Kapoor Art Pres,New Delhi, June 1971

Hawaii Blossoms — Dorothy and Bob Hargreaves, Hargreaves Company, Inc.Kailua, Hawaii 1958

Hawaiian Flowers &. Flowering Trees — Loraine E. Kuck & Richard C. Tongg,
Charles E. Tuttle Company, Inc., Rutland, Vermont and Tokyo, Japan 1958

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Hawaiian Plumerias — Watson, Chinn, Clay and Brewbaker, Circular 4FO, University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension Service, Honolulu, Hawaii 1965
Hortus Third — Staff of the L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Macmillan Publishing'Company, New York, 1976
Index Kewensis — An Enumeration of the Genera and Species of Flowering Plants ~Tomus II — Hooker and Jackson — Oxford, at the Clarendon Press

MDCCCXCV - and supplements I, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, 1886-1940
In Gardens of Hawaii — Marie C. Neal, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, Hawaii 1965
Indian Trees — Dietrich Brandis, Periodical Experts Book Agency, Dehradun, India - reprint 1978, First Published 1906
Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants, An — Arthur Cronquist,

The New York Botanical Gardens, Columbia University Press, New York 1981
Investigations into Plumeria Flowering — Richard A. Criley, Horticulture Digest,

University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension Service, December 1973
Life In Mexico — The Letters of Fanny Calderon de la Barca, Doubleday & Company, Inc. New York 1966
Manual of Gardening for India, 7th edition, revised — Firminger, W. Burns Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, India 1930
Martinique Revisited — Clarissa Therese Kimber, Texas A & M University Press College Station, Texas 1988
Meet Flora Mexicana — M. Walter Pesman, Dale S. King, Publisher, Six Shooter Canyon, Globe, Arizona 1962
Mexican Flowering Trees and Plants — Helen O'Gorman, Edited by Ella Wallace

Turok, Ammex Associados, Mexico City 1961
Mexican Plants for American Gardens — Cecile Hulse Matschat, Houghton Mifflin Co., New York 1935
Modern Tropical Garden, The — Loraine E. Kuck and Richard C. Tongg, Tongg Publishing Company, Honolulu, Hawaii 1960
New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Gardening — T.H. Everett, Greystone Press, New York 1960
New York Botanical Garden Illustrated Encyclopedia of Horticulture — Ed. T.H  Everett, Garland Publishing Co., New York 1984
100 Beautiful Trees of India — Charles McCann, Taraporevala Sons & Co. Bombay  India 1966
Ornamental Trees of Hawaii, The — Joseph F. Rock — Published under patronage — Honolulu, Hawaii 1917
Philippine Oranamental Plants and Their Care — Mona Lisa Steiner, Ph.D., Car melo & Bauermann, Inc. Manila, Philippines 1960
Plantas Utiles de la Flora Mexicana — Maximino Martinez, Ediciones Botas, Mexico D.F., 1959

Plumeria — Bulletin No. 14 — National Botanic Gardens, Lucknow, India 1958
Plumeria Cultivars in Hawaii — James T. Chinn and Richard A. Criley, Research

Bulletin 158, Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 19

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Secret Life of Plants, The — Peter Tompkins'and Christopher Bird, Avon Books, New York 1973
Shrubs, Trees and Climbers — Sima Eliovson, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Hong Kong 1975
Some Beautiful Indian Trees — E. Blatter and Walter S. Millard, Natural History Society, Bombay, India 1954
Some observations on seeds and seedlings of frangipani (Plumeria L., Apocynaceae)

— M. Ratnasabapathy and J. Mossel — The Planter, Vol 56 No. 650, United Selangor Press, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, May 1980

Some Madras Trees — A. Butterworth (Publisher and date missing)

Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture — L.H. Bailey, The Macmillan Company, New York 1928

Studies in the Apocynaceae — Plumeria — Vol 25 — Woodson, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1938

Sunset Magazine — August 1986 — Lane Publishing Co., Los Angeles, CA.

Taylor's Encyclopedia of Gardening — Edited by Norman Taylor — Fourth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston 1961

Trees and Shrubs of Mexico — Paul C. Standley, Contributions from the United
States National Herbarium, Volume 23, Part 4, Smithsonian Institution, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1924

Tropica — A.B. Graf, 3rd Edition, Roehrs Company, East Rutherford, New Jersey 1986

Tropical Gardening — T.M. Greensill, Frederick A. Praeger Pub., New York, Washington 1964

Tropical Gardening — Peggy Hickok Hodge, Tuttle & Co., Japan, 1975

Tropical Planting and Gardening — Nixon Smiley, University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida 1960

Vegetation of Peten, The , Cyrus Longworth Lundell, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. 1937

Wayside Trees of Malaya — E.J.H. Corner, Government Printing Office, Singapore — Second Edition 1952

Wild Flowers of the World — Text by Brian C. Morley, Crescent Books, New York
Wyman's Gardening Encyclopedia — Donald Wyman, MacMillan Publishing Go., New York 1977

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