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... Prashna, Chhandogya, Brihadaranyaka, Mundaka, Mandukya, Taittiriya and Shvetashvatara are the most prominent. The stories that we have selected below for this book are taken from the Chhandogya Upanishad and Katha Upanishad. The Upanishads give us a clear idea of the ancient system of education and of the role of the teacher and the pupil. Some of the examples that are given here dearly... that since Nachiketas chose the good in preference to the pleasant, he considers Nachiketas a worthy pupil who deserves to be given the secret knowledge. The third story, taken from the Chhandogya Upanishad, contains a famous dialogue between Aruni and his son, Shvetaketu. There are three important elements in the extract. In the first place, we have here an illustration of the method of teaching... orientation will press the scientific inquiry into the field of self- knowledge. Here we see the modern quest converging on the ancient wisdom. In the fourth story, which is also taken from the Chhandogya Upanishad we have a dialogue between Narada and Sanatkumara. When Narada approaches Sanatkumara, Sanatkumara says: Tell me what you already know; then I will impart to you what lies outside, it.' Narada ...

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... partly by their own illuminations and spiritual experience. The Chhandogya Upanishad is thus the summary history of one of the greatest & most interesting ages of human thought. Page 262 Satyakama Jabala The story of Satyakama Jabala occupies five sections, the third to the eighth, of the fourth chapter in the Chhandogya Upanishad. The Chhandogya seems to be the most ancient of the extant... Incomplete Translations and Commentaries (Circa 1902-1912) Kena and Other Upanishads Notes on the Chhandogya Upanishad [word] - word(s) omitted by the author or lost through damage to the manuscript that are required by grammar or sense, and that could be supplied by the editors First Adhyaya ओमित्येतदक्षरमुद्गीथमुपासीत । ओमिति ह्युद्गायति... fulfilling in its meeting with them and entering into them its expressed aspiration. To show that this idea is not a modern etymological fancy of my own, it is sufficient to cite the evidence of the Chhandogya Upanishad itself in this very chapter where Baka Dalbhya is spoken of as the Udgata of the Naimishiyas who obtained their desires for them by the Vedic chant, ebhya ágáyati kámán; so, adds the Upanishad ...

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... after them and tend them." Satyakama then drove them forth and said to his teacher: "Not before they have become one thousand, will I return." So he lived far away for a number of years. Chhandogya Upanishad, Fourth Chapter, Fourth Part II The Good and the Pleasant Yama speaks: "One thing is the good and quite another thing is the pleasant, and both seize upon a man with... have known this teaching; because if they had known it, why would they not have communicated it to me? But venerable Sir, you will now please explain it to me!" "So be it, my dear!" Chhandogya Upanishad, Sixth Chapter, First Part Page 48 "When, 0 dear one, the bees prepare honey, they gather the juice of manifold trees and assemble the juice into a unity. ... finest essence is, it is the real, it is the soul, that thou art, Svetaketu! "Venerable Sir, teach me still further," he (Svetaketu) said. "So be it," he (Aruni) replied. Chhandogya Upanishad, Sixth Chapter, Ninth Part "When one, 0 dear one, cuts this big tree here at the root, it trickles sap, because it lives; when one cuts it in the middle, it trickles sap, because it ...

... Upanishads . The revised version of the fourth chapter first appeared in the 1981 edition. Chhandogya Upanishad. Around 1902 Sri Aurobindo translated the first two sections and part of the third section of the first chapter of this   Upanishad in the margins of his copy of The Chhandogya Upanishad (Madras, 1899). He later recopied and revised the first two sections in the notebook he used for... first appeared in 1986 in the second impression of the second edition of that book. Notes on the Chhandogya Upanishad. Circa 1912. Sri Aurobindo wrote these two passages of commentary separately in Pondicherry. The first is entitled in the manuscript "Notes on the Chhandogya Upanishad / First Adhyaya" (but only the first sentence is treated). Part of the first page was included in The Upanishads... 1981 edition. The second commentary, Page 443 also incomplete, is entitled in the manuscript "Vedic Interpretations / Satyakama Jabala". In most editions of the Chhandogya Upanishad, the story of Satyakama Jabala occupies sections 4-9 of the fourth chapter, not sections 3-8 as in the edition Sri Aurobindo used. The commentary was first published in the 1981 edition of ...

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... Dobson STORIES FROM THE UPANISHADS BY R.R. DIWAKAR 1.RAIKWA, THE CART-DRIVER—Chhandogya Upanishad 2.SATYAKAMA, THE TRUTH-SEEKER—Chhandogya Upanishad 3.THE BOLD BEGGAR—Upanishads 4.THUS SPAKE YAJNAVALKYA—Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 5.THUS SPAKE UDDALAKA ARUNI—Chhandogya Upanishad 6.THE FIVE SHEATHS—Taittriya Upanishad 7.THE BLISS OF BRAHMAN—Taittriya Upanishad ...

... on to a bow was an extremely difficult task. In Chhandogya Upanishad we find the binding of a hard bow amongst examples of actions requiring a great strength: Other examples of actions that need strength are: churning of woodsticks to produce fire, running in the battle field, stretching of a powerful bow... (Chhandogya Upanishad 1.3) However warriors were so well trained that... for strength (bald}. Strength was among physical qualities the most praised: Page 269 The existence of the world is dependent on strength. Be devoted to strength. (Chhandogya Upanishad 7.8.1) We find numerous prayers asking that strength might be given: Equip our body with strength, O Indra, shower strength in our bulls. Shower strength for life on our progeny ...

... the world-sustaining figure of the great godhead Vishnu." 5 1 The Supramental Manifestation upon Earth, pp. 50-51. 2 Brihad-Aranyaka Upanishad, 5.12. 3 4 Chhandogya Upanishad, 7.9.1. 5 Maitri Upanishad, VI. 13. Page 229 But it is really intriguing to ponder over this capital importance of material alimentation. One cannot but wonder... "All this universe... is subject to Life." (Ibid., II .13). 4 Cf. "Of the Spirit is the breath of Life bom." (Prashna Upanishad, III, 3). "Life derives from the Spirit." (Chhandogya Upanishad, IV.10.5) 5 Sri Aurobindo: The Life Divine, pp. 176-77. Page 230 are supported and occupied by the Life-Force and, what is more, "without it no physical form ...

... 2. 48. The Life Divine, p. 26. 49. St. John. I. 1. Compare the Upanishadic revelation: Vāk brahma ("The Word is brahman"). 50. The Life Divine, p. 108. 51. Chhandogya Upanishad. Page 109 primal splendours of Light (jyotirupakram ā tu. 52 ) About this supremely creative self-vision of the "all-creating Eye" 53 that presides over the worlds... on the crutches of thought alone. Indeed, different modes of cognition derive in various degrees from what Sri Aurobindo has called 'a fourfold 76. Katha Upanishad, II. 1.1. 77. Chhandogya Upanishad, 1.6.6. 78.Cf: "We have stripped the veil from thine eyes, and thy sight to-day is keen" (The Holy Koran). 79. Gita, XI.8: Divya ṁ dad ā mi te cak ṣ u ḥ pa ś ya me ...

... experiences that we find in the pages of the Upanishads. There are, however, a few passages in the Chhandogya Upanishad, Shwetashwatara Upanishad, Mundaka Upanishad, and Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, which need to be underlined even within our limited scope. Here are a few extracts from Chhandogya Upanishad, which contain the famous Upanishadic affirmation, "tat tvam asi (That art Thou), O Svetaketu" ...

... Ibid.,6-7 52 Ibid., 7. 53 Mandukya Upanishad, 5. 54 Taittiriya Upanishad, Bhriguvalli, Ch. V. 55 RV.,V.62.1 56 Vide, Chhandogya Upanishad, VI. l, 2, 13. 57. RV.,VIIl.6.30 58 RV., I.5o.10 ; Vide. Also, Chhandogya Upanishad, III..l7. 59. Svetasvatara Upanishad,IV.I, 2, 3, 60 Ibid., IV5, 6, 7. 61. Ibid.IV.10 62 Ibid., V,1. 63 Ibid., V.8 ...

... the Mahabharata who is presented to us as the teacher of Arjuna on the battle-field of Kurukshetra. The historical Krishna, no doubt, existed. We meet Page 15 the name first in the Chhandogya Upanishad where all we can gather about him is that he was well known in spiritual tradition as a knower of the Brahman, so well known indeed in his personality and the circumstances of his life that ...

Sri Aurobindo   >   Books   >   CWSA   >   Essays on the Gita
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... in English, in the Introduction to the Record of Yoga (volume 10 of THE COMPLETE WORKS, pages 3-23). Ekamevādvitīyaṁ Brahma . This composition inspired by a well-known phrase from the Chhandogya Upanishad, with which it begins, is found in a large notebook used by Sri Aurobindo around 1912-13 for Vedic and philological studies, commentaries on the Upanishads and other writings. Untitled in the ...

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... Page 44. "It trudges... scent": from a famous Sanskrit proverb: Ushtro yatha chandanabharavahi bharasya vetta na tu chandanasya Page 49. "All... Brahman": from Chhandogya Upanishad: Sarvam khalvidam Brahma "What is here ... traced": from Katha Upanishad: Yadeveha tadamutra yadamutra tadanviha Page 49. "Krishna is ... peaks": from a famous ...

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... movement in the universal motion".(Isha Upanishad, 1 "He is below, He is above, He is behind, He is in front, He is to the, right, He is to the left, He is indeed all this that is". (Chhandogya Upanishad, VII). 5Sri Aurobindo, Isha Upanishad, p. 25. 6Attā carācaragrahaṇāt. (Brahmasūtram, I. 2:9.) 7 Cf. 'Vyaktamannamavyaktamannam' meaning "The manifest is food and ...

... avatars like Sri Krishna". No doubt, there is a distinction between the two types, but fundamentally every avatar has to do some ascension. If the Krishna, son of Devaki, who is mentioned in the Chhandogya Upanishad is the same as the Avatar Krishna of the later traditions, we see that he needed Rishi Ghora's illumined touch-to realise his own divinity to the full. An ascension was made, however rapidly ...

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... Krishna were non-historical. But on behalf of Krishna we can put up a defence. In the second chapter of Essays on the Gita Sri Aurobindo tells us about him: "We meet the name first in the Chhandogya Upanishad where all we can gather about him is that he was well-known in spiritual tradition as a knower of the Brahman, so well-known indeed is his personality and the circumstances of his life that ...

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... 187-9, 192-3, 197 Chattopadhyaya, K.C., 269, 288, 335, 376-9, 401 Chaudhuri, Nirad, Continent of Circe, 166 Chedi, 239 Chilas, 282 China, 261, 321, 323 Chhandogya Upanishad, 236 Clark, Prof. J. Desmond, 220 Cleator, P.E., Lost Languages, 171 fn. Constantini, 244 copper, 211, 234, 235, 326 copper buttons, 228 copper forts, 235 ...

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... effort. We may state some of them. 24. We witness today an endless explosion of knowledge, and we do not know if we can psychologically contain this explosion. We need to ask, as in the Chhandogya Upanishad, if there is knowledge possessing which all can be known. 25. Is there, we may ask, an all-embracing project of work experience that would generate a continuing process of life-long education ...

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... Supreme Light. It is only the medium Light. There is a very famous proposition made in the Veda to distinguish between darkness, the intermediate light, and the Supreme Light. It is said in the Chhandogya Upanishad that Ghora speaks one word to Krishna and gives him the Supreme Knowledge. That mantra he gives is as follows: udvayam tamasaspari svah pashyanta uttaram devam devatra suryamaganma ...

... Appendices Sri Aurobindo Appendix I The Pure Existent One indivisible that is pure existence. Chhandogya Upanishad.* When we withdraw our gaze from its egoistic preoccupation with limited and fleeting interests and look upon the world with dispassionate and curious eyes that search only for the Truth ...

... provide to a child whereby it can grow continuously and yet remain a child, like Newton, playing with pebbles on the shores of the ocean of knowledge? (ii)Is there knowledge, as in the Chhandogya Upanishad, possessing which all can be known? (iii)Is there a subject, the study of which would necessitate synchronization of the pursuit of wisdom, heroism, harmony and skill as also synchronization ...

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... Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol. 8 Ushasti Chakrayana (Chhandogya Upanishad) THIS is the story of Ushasti Chakrayana, Ushasti the son of Chakra. But could it be that the name means one who drives a wheel, like Shakatayana,the driver of sakata, the bullock­cart? Or is it something similar to Kamalayana, one who tends ...

... Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol. 8 Indra - Virochana and Prajapati (Chhandogya Upanishad) PRAJAPATI, the Lord and Creator, once declared himself thus: "The Self is the sinless, ageless and deathless One; it has no sorrow nor hunger and thirst. The goal of all its desire is the Truth, Truth is the one thing worthy ...

... Parables from the Upanishads Narada - Sanatkumara (Chhandogya Upanishad) Rishi Sanatkumara was once approached by Narada (evidently not yet become a Rishi), who said, "Lord, I desire to be taught by you. Please teach me." The Rishi replied, "Very well, but first tell me how much you know; then I shall tell you if you need more." Narada thereupon ...

... explanation of any deep mystery, asks him simply to repair to the forest and tend the kine for a while. 'For a while' meant quite a few years in fact – as in the Gautama-Satyakama episode of the Chhandogya Upanishad! As we all know, here in the Ashram, the Mother has often given us to clean the dishes and not engage in study. The great men with whom we studied had this gift in large Page 429 ...

... paramo noo devah' : the intense whirling atomic pulsations of this vast creation in the heart of this void dense with ananda (beatitude), this is what Space and Time mean. The Chhandogya, Page 12 Upanishad says that within this Cosmic creation there is a great Void and it is this that the Rishis have called 'anim' or 'daharakash'. This is considered to be Space. That is how I see ...

... of the ego. NIRODBARAN: And by "identity" does he mean perception of the One in all? SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, but that identity seems to include in it all things, as held at the end of the Chhandogya Upanishad. NIRODBARAN: Yes, Blake says that even physical love is quite justified if there is love and if one perceives identity in the other. He perceived identity in his wife but his wife didn't ...

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... Janaka's questions, Yajnavalkya says that when the desires that are lodged in the heart are eliminated, then the mortal becomes immortal, and even here realises the Brahman. (2) In the Chhandogya Upanishad (IV—10) Upakoshala says to his preceptor's wife who was importuning him to break his fast, "In this Purusha (i.e. in me) there are many desires running in various directions. I am full of many ...

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... Incomplete Translations and Commentaries (Circa 1902-1912) Kena and Other Upanishads Chhandogya Upanishad Chapter I And the First Section ओमित्येतदक्षरमुद्गीथमुपासीत । ओमिति हयुद्गायति तस्योपव्याख्यानम् ॥१॥ 1) Worship ye OM, the eternal syllable, OM is Udgitha, the chant of Sama-veda; for with OM they begin the chant of Sama. And this is ...

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... The Life Divine Chapter IX The Pure Existent One indivisible that is pure existence. Chhandogya Upanishad. (VI. 2. 1.) When we withdraw our gaze from its egoistic preoccupation with limited and fleeting interests and look upon the world with dispassionate and curious eyes that search only for the Truth, our first result is the perception ...

Sri Aurobindo   >   Books   >   CWSA   >   The Life Divine
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... 220. 5. R.C. Zaehner, Evolution in Religion: A Study in Sri Aurobindo and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (London: Oxford University Press, 1971), p. 92. Page 72 6. Chhandogya Upanishad, 8.1.5. 7. Zaehner, c p. cit., p. 93. 8.  Proverbs, 2.3-5. 9. Luke, 17. 21. 10. Luke, 9. 25. 11. Sri Aurobindo, Heraclitus (Calcutta: 1947), pp. 60-61. ...

... superficially engrossed ego. Page 99 In both experiences She the grandiose Goddess contains Amal the meagre Man, suffusing the latter with something of the truth the Chhandogya Upanishad enshrines: "There is no happiness in the little — immensity alone is felicity." A hint also of the truth treasured in the second line of that magnificent Sonnet-close of Sri Aurobindo's is ...

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... undeniably an Avatar. Secondly, it is not necessary that an Avatar, when his business is to manifest the Divine Consciousness as such, should show it from the very start. Even Krishna, as the Chhandogya Upanishad says, became a disciple of Rishi Ghora (if I don't mistake the name) before growing aware of the Divine Consciousness in full: the awareness came almost at a touch, but the incident of discipleship ...

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... Knowledge and the Spiritual Evolution The Life Divine Chapter XVII The Progress to Knowledge - God, Man and Nature Thou art That, O Swetaketu. Chhandogya Upanishad. (VI. 8. 7.) The living being is none else than the Brahman, the whole world is the Brahman. Vivekachudamani. (Verse 479.) My supreme Nature has become the living ...

Sri Aurobindo   >   Books   >   CWSA   >   The Life Divine
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... creature. Rig Veda. (X. 190. 1, 2.) Memory is greater: without memory men could think and know nothing.... As far as goes the movement of Memory, there he ranges at will. Chhandogya Upanishad. (VII. 13.) This is he who is that which sees, touches, hears, smells, tastes, thinks, understands, acts in us, a conscious being, a self of knowledge. Prasna Upanishad. (IV ...

Sri Aurobindo   >   Books   >   CWSA   >   The Life Divine
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... × Kena Upanishad. × Chhandogya Upanishad : Verily all this that is is the Brahman. × Mandukya Upanishad : The Self is the Brahman ...

Sri Aurobindo   >   Books   >   CWSA   >   Essays on the Gita
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... value, avaram karma, a lower kind of works and not the highest good; only when performed with possession of the knowledge could it lead to its ultimate results, to Vedanta. “By that,” says the Chhandogya Upanishad, Page 179 “both perform karma, both he who knows this so and he who knows not. Yet the Ignorance and the Knowledge are different things and only what one does with the knowledge ...

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... creatures and not merely to human beings. Similarly, Krishna, though appreciated, is cut down in comparison to Christ and also relegated to the world of myth. Krishna is obviously historical in the Chhandogya Upanishad. In the Mahabharata he is depicted fully as a human being who is the Divine Incarnate. Even in the Brindavan story the substratum of reality is clear in the midst of the poetry and the symbolism ...

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... creatures and not merely to human beings. Similarly, Krishna, though appreciated, is cut down in comparison to Christ and also relegated to the world of myth. Krishna is obviously historical in the Chhandogya Upanishad. In the Mahabharata he is depicted fully as a human being who is the Divine Incarnate. Even in the Brindavan story the substratum of reality is clear in the midst of the poetry and the symbolism ...

... makes its journey elsewhere. Many accounts have been detailed in books such as (i) Yoga-Vasistha Maharamayana, (ii) Garuda and Brahmavaivarta Puranas, (iii) Kausitaki Brahmana, (iv) Chhandogya Upanishad, (v) Aranyaka Shruti. One Janaki Mukhopadhyaya wrote a book titled Mṛtyu-path or The Way of Death in the early part of the twentieth Century. He discussed in that book most lucidly ...

... speech." 19 16.G. R. Harrison, What Man May Be, p. 192. 17. Savitri, Bk. VII, Canto II, p. 484. 18.Gilbert N. Lewis, The Anatomy of Science, p. 205. 19. Chhandogya Upanishad, VII, 7, 2. Page 15 The day of all days dawned in man's calendar when he first developed speech as his most direct means of communication; for, this articulated utterance ...

... this') and thus pass beyond all names and forms, n ā ma-r ū pa. 18.The reader may refer in this connection to the very interesting account of Prajapati-lndra-Virochana Samvad in the Chhandogya Upanishad, VIII. 7-12. Page 128 knowledge so far have been very few." This intuitive knowledge, this scientia intuitiva, is a perception of things sub specie eternitatis, in their ...

... constructing verses; 62. Arithmetical recreations; 63. Making artificial flowers; 64. Making figures and images in clay. Vidyas as mentioned by Narada to Sanatkumar in Chhandogya Upanishad, Chapter VII. 1.2: 1. Grammar; 2. pitryam the rites for the manes; 3. Rashim-mathematics; 4. Daivam subject of natural disturbances; 5. Nidim mineralogy; 6. ...

... principle of oneness with God as well as all living beings. It is for this reason that even when the life of the forms of the Vedic cult had passed away, ___________________________ 7 Chhandogya Upanishad, 4.11.1 8 Ibid, 6.8.7 9 Ibid, 3.14.1 18 Page 18 the Upanishads remained alive and creative and could generate the great devotional religions and inspire the idea ...

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... Casteism, 62 Charanavyuha, 91 Chaturvarna, 53 Chaldea, 1 Chaitanya, 44,59,85 Chandragupta Maurya, 84 Charvaka, 46, 59 Chemistry, 44 Chhandas, 101,102 Chhandogya Upanishad, 68,75,78, 79, 80,81, 82 Cow, 3,13,14 Consciousness, mental, 41 Cosmic-terrestrial, 22 Crisis, 38,39,51 Culture,Indian,19,21,23,24,26,42, 43,47,49,55,56 ...

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... reject all possibility of a real universe?" 36 Sri Aurobindo points out that another Upanishad rejects the birth of Being out of Non-Being as an impossibility; Being, it is said in the Chhandogya Upanishad, can only be born from Being. But the word Non-Being can be taken in the sense, not of an inexistent Nihil, but of an x which exceeds our idea or experience of existence; then the impossibility ...

... and then the aspirants of the cosmic powers ascended still upwards and arrived at the abode of the sunlight, which is the light of the supreme knowledge.) Again, is it a mere legend when the Chhandogya Upanishad refers to this verse when it is said that Krishna, son of Devaki, attained to supreme knowledge, when Ghora, his teacher, pronounced to him that one Word, contained in that verse. In one sentence ...

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... and then the aspirants of the cosmic powers ascended still upwards and arrived at the abode of the sunlight, which is the light of the supreme knowledge.) Again, is it a mere legend when the Chhandogya Upanishad refers to this verse when it is said that Krishna, son of Devaki, attained to supreme knowledge, when Ghora, his teacher, pronounced to him that one Word, contained in that verse. In one sentence ...

... That the fear and grief concerning physical death gets completely removed when one attains genuine self-knowledge through the practice of spiritual sadhana, tarati śokam ātmavit (Chhandogya Upanishad, VII. 1.3), is due to the concrete fact that one no longer feels his physical body to be his true "I". One realises beyond any doubt that the jīvātmā or the Self is sempiternal, without ...

... nearer to our intellectual apprehension, we may refer to the passages of the Katha Upanishad where the knowledge of the Purusha, no bigger than a thumb, as man's central self is given. 13. Chhandogya Upanishad 4.11.1. 14. Ibid., 6.8.7. Page 107 15. Ibid., 3.14.1; also Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 2.5.19. 16. The tradition of transmission of the recitation of the Samhitas gave rise ...

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... Collected Works of Nolini Kanta Gupta - Vol. 8 Narada - Sanatkumara (Chhandogya Upanishad) RISHI Sanatkumara was once approached by Narada (evi­dently not yet become a Rishi), who said, "Lord, I desire to be taught by you. Please teach me." The Rishi replied, "Very well, but first tell me how much you know; then I shall tell you if you need ...

... Parables from the Upanishads Ushasti Chakrayana (Chhandogya Upanishad) This is the story of Ushasti Chakrayana, Ushasti the son of Chakra. But could it be that the name means one who drives a wheel, like Shakatayana,the driver of śakaṭa , the bullock cart? Or is it something similar to Kamalayana, one who tends or enjoys a kamala, the lotus ...

... Parables from the Upanishads Indra - Virochana and Prajapati (Chhandogya Upanishad) Prajapati, the Lord and Creator, once declared himself thus: "The Self is the sinless, ageless and deathless One; it has no sorrow nor hunger and thirst. The goal of all its desire is the Truth, Truth is the one thing worthy of its resolve. It is this ...

... × 20 Swetaswatara Upanishad, IV.3.4. × 21 Chhandogya Upanishad, VI.8.7. × 22 Rig Veda, II.24.4. ...

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... exclusive of our true reality which includes everyone and everything, an inner vastness which rules out the feeling of the other, the alien that can oppose and injure one. Do you remember the Chhandogya Upanishad's glorious utterance: "There is no happiness in the small: immensity alone is felicity"? The Veda always associates brihat (the Vast) with its satyam (the True) as well as its ritam ... not fly away from the Here but remain to work towards a finer and greater life: there is no "refusal of the ascetic" as in later ages.   The compatibility persists as a vital element in the Upanishads where often there is talk of Brahmaloka and not just Brahman. The context in which Yajnavalkya and Janaka figure with their "That which is free from fear" (a Rigvedic echo) is, I think, particularly ...

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... of one's true reality which includes everyone and everything, an inner vastness which rules out the feeling of the other, the alien that can oppose and injure one. Do you remember the Chhandogya Upanishad's glorious utterance: 'There is no happiness in the small: immensity alone is felicity" ? The Rigveda always associates brihat (the Vast) with its satyam (the True) as well as its ... bell in my mind. This mahato bhayāt -  this "great fear" - what does it evoke in the spiritual vision ? Somewhere in the Upanishads there is a phrase with some such suggestion as: "Where there is one, there is no fear: fear comes where there are two." The Isha Upanishad asks about the spiritual seeker in whom the one Self has become all creatures: "How shall he be deluded, whence shall he... an is indeed fearless.  He who knows it as such certainly becomes the fearless Brahman." Again, the same Upanishad (IV.2.4) figures Yajnavalkya exclaiming: "You have obtained That which is free from fear, O Janaka!'" It is curious that, unlike Shankara and his ilk, the Upanishads rarely allude to moksha or mukti , "freedom, liberation". I can find only one reference anticipating in ...

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... manifested as soul. There can be ultimately no difference or distinction of substance between the soul and God. The same conclusion follows from another statement of yours apropos of the Chhandogya Upanishad's "Thou, Svetaketu, art That". You comment: "This is the record of the decisive moment in Indian history, the discovery of the identity of the Brahman and the Atman. Behind all the appearances... a Supramentalised physical. I did not learn the idea from Veda or Upanishad and I do not know if there is anything of the kind there. What Page 50 I received about the Supermind was a direct, not a derived knowledge given to me; it was only, afterwards that I found certain confirmatory revelations in the Upanishad and Veda." 3 Mark the turns: "a new evolution" - and "a direct... the Supermind. The "certain confirmatory revelations in the Upanishad and Veda" allude to general hints or glimpses, almost by the way or at best in a kind of broad background. They could not be anything else since the concrete conscious possession of the Veda's satyam ritam brihat ("the true, the right, the vast") and of the Upanishads' vijnana or prajna would bring the knowledge and the force ...