Euripides : (c.484-406 BC), youngest of three greatest Athenian tragic poets (the other two being Aeschylus & Sophocles).
... and given it an extremely beautiful interpretation. It is the opening line of Sophocles' famous play, Antigone, which happened to be the second book I studied while learning Greek. The first was Euripides' Medea, which is Media in Greek – note here the play on long vowels to which I have referred in my last talk. This is how Sophocles begins his play with the following words put in the mouth... made to say that wives are available by the dozen in every land, Sophocles makes a woman declare as if in retort that husbands too are to be had in plenty. (3) Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides are the three supreme creators of drama in ancient Greece, each of them is different from the others. Aeschylus the senior most of the three has vision and spirit and strength. He throws out the spark... and measure, their skill in delineating subtle feeling. There is here nothing in excess, but there is a sense of subdued force and a suggestion of all-round perfection. Page 63 Euripides on the other hand has in him all the doubts and questionings of the human mind, all its curiosity and comment. He reaches out towards the modern mentality, has almost come in line with it. It was ...
... psychic and spiritual being which it is * The reader is referred to the present writer's "Andromeda" (Sri Aurobindo Mandir Annual, 194 for a historical study of the Perseus-Andromeda myth from Euripides to Sri Aurobindo. Page 120 his ultimate destiny to become". 5 The conflict in the play is both individual and cosmic; and the conflict is waged in different ways and on different... marked by the rush and riot of full-blooded action. Seen from another angle, it is a fresh rendering of the Perseus-Andromeda myth, linking Sri Aurobindo with other interpreters of the myth like Euripides and Ovid, Corneille and Kingsley. Unlike Kingsley, whose Andromeda is but "romantic tinsel", Sri Aurobindo has retained all the old beauty and poetry and sense of mystery of the Hellenic myth... with a modem flavour and relevance and urgency. The theme is still the rescue of Andromeda from the sea-monster, but Sri Aurobindo's heroine is no passive helpless creature like the Andromeda of Euripides, Ovid and Kingsley, but a heroine in her own sovereign right of self-determined action. Paramount in her eyes are the laws of humanity and pity: these only she will acknowledge, these alone will ...
... shaping propriety over the elan of assertive individuality. The chief names usually listed in Graeco-Roman Classicism are Homer, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Virgil and Lucretius. These six, all things considered, are indeed greater than the brilliant sextet: Pindar, Simonides, Sappho, Horace, Catullus, Ovid.... life. As a result, his effect on the cultural consciousness of ancient Greece through his two epics was different from that of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides through their dramas. To quote Sri Aurobindo again: "The epic poems revealed the Hellenic people to itself in the lucid and clear nobility and beauty of an ... wideness: as Arnold puts it, he gives the impression of seeing life steadily and seeing it whole: Newman speaks of his sweet composure and melodious fullness. Euripides carries his effect by a pointed versatile ease, a piquancy wedded to deep grace and a brilliance of quick pathos. Virgil is most chiselled, most euphonious, a blend of ...
... plot. He also developed his characters to a greater extent than earlier playwrights such as Aeschylus, and used female characters in his plays. 17. Euripides (480-406 BC) was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens. Euripides is known primarily for having reshaped the formal structure of traditional Attic tragedy by showing strong women characters and intelligent slaves, and... beauty, grace, self-contained dignity and grandeur, which we associate with the highest genius. Cultural events such as public performances of the great plays of Aeschylus, 15 Sophocles 16 and Euripides 17 formed part of the developing Page 14 GREECE 362 BC Page 15 urban lifestyle. All citizens, rich or poor, could enjoy these events together in an atmosphere... founder of Greek philosophy, Pheidias, Myron, and Polycletus, the sculptors, Zeuxis and Parrhasius, the painters, Pericles, the great orator and statesman, Herodotus and Thucydides, the historians, and Euripides and Sophocles, the tragedians. This empire, however, did not last long; a conflict with the Greek city-state of Sparta, Athens' rival throughout Greek history, grew into the long Pel ...
... chaos of jostling opinions. I am not prepared to classify all the poets in the universe—it was the front bench or benches you asked for. By others I meant poets like Lucretius, Euripides, Calderon, Corneille, Hugo. Euripides ( Medea, Bacchae and other plays) is a greater poet than Racine whom you want to put in the first ranks. If you want only the very greatest, none of these can enter—only Vyasa ...
... SRI AUROBINDO: Yeats is more sustained. NIRODBARAN: Then there is some standard? SRI AUROBINDO: What standard? Some say Sophocles is greater than Shakespeare. Others favour Euripides. Still others say Euripides is nowhere near Sophocles. How can one decide whether Dante is greater or Shakespeare? PURANI: It is better to ask what the criterion of great poetry is. NIRODBARAN: All right ...
... Aurobindo : If one has .all form and no substance, is he greater than one who has substance and no form? Some say Sophocles is greater than Shakespeare, others say Euripides is greater. There are others, again, who say Euripides is nowhere near Sophocles. How can you say whether Dante is greater than Shakespeare? Disciple : It is better to ask what is the criterion of great poetry. ...
... Lorenzo di Medici; the personalities of her famed poets emerge more dimly through the mist of time, but with indications which point to a lofty spirit or a humanity as great as that of Aeschylus or Euripides or a life-story as human and interesting as that of the famous Italian poets. And if, comparing this one country with all Europe as Mr. Archer insists,—mainly on the ground that Indians themselves ...
... Athens was the supreme achievement, a life in which living itself was an education, where the poorest as well as the richest sat together in the theatre to see and judge the dramas of Sophocles and Euripides and the Athenian trader and shopkeeper took part in the subtle philosophical conversations of Socrates, created for Europe not only its fundamental political types and ideals but practically all its ...
... knowledge has been variously given literary expressions of which a few representative ones may be cited here: (i) "Death is life." (Novalis) (ii) "Life is death and Death is life." (Euripides) (iii)"All Death in Nature is Birth, and in Death itself appears visibly the exaltation of Life." (Fichte) (iv)"For birth hath in itself the germ of death, But death hath in itself the ...
... Greeks termed the Nysaioi lay in his path, and his soldiers played with the idea that they were a colony left behind by Dionysus when he returned home from the wandering which, according to a story by Euripides in his Bacchae, had taken him all over the East. However, we may heed what Strabo (XV.7) has to say on the "conquests" of both Dionysus and Heracles: "As for the stories of Heracles and 1 ...
... that one at once is aware of in Milton, Wordsworth, Page 76 Aeschylus and which even their most fervent admirers would hardly attribute to Shakespeare, Shelley, Keats, Tennyson, Euripides...." 15 "There can be a very real spirit and power of underlying austerity behind a considerable wealth and richness of expression. Arnold in one of his poems gives the image of a girl beautiful ...
... adults, for those, that is, who had already had some education the reading material must be adapted to their age and mental development. That is why, when I took up Greek, I began straightaway with Euripides' Medea, and my second book was Sophocles' Antigone.... I began my Latin with Virgil's Aeneid, and Italian with Dante.... I should tell you what one gains by this method, at least what has been ...
... who had already had some education the reading material must be adapted to their age and mental development. That is why, when I Page 62 took up Greek, I began straightway with Euripides' Medea, and my second book was Sophocles' Antigone . I began a translation of Antigone into Bengali and Sri Aurobindo offered to write a preface if I completed the translation, a preface where ...
... Homer's genius. In Greece it was Socrates who initiated the movement of speculative philosophy and the emphasis of intellectual power slowly began to find expression in the later poets, Sophocles and Euripides. But all these were very simple beginnings. The moderns go in for something more radical and totalitarian. The rationalising element instead of being an additional or subordinate or contributing ...
... Homer's genius. In Greece it was Socrates who initiated the movement of speculative philosophy and the emphasis of intellectual power slowly began to find expression in the later poets, Sophocles and Euripides. But all these were very simple beginnings. The moderns go in for something more radical and totalitarian. The rationalising element instead of being an additional or subordinate or contributing factor ...
... a little, one remove, away from the purity of the central inspiration – there is a veil, although a thin transparent veil, yet a veil between which intervenes. With the third of the Brotherhood, Euripides, we slide lower down – we arrive at a predominantly mental transcription of an experience or inner conception; but something of the major breath continues, an aura, a rhythm that maintains the inner ...
... work of art, it must be noted, bears the stamp of its creator. Even in the same field of work each great artist leaves his own stamp on his work. For example, take the Greek dramatist Sophocles, Euripides and Aeschylus or the French trio. Voltaire, Racine, Corneille —you will find the distinguishing stamp of each on his work. A soul expressing the eternal spirit of Truth and Beauty through some ...
... adults, for those, that is, who had already had some education, the reading material must be adapted to their age and mental development. That is why, when I took up Greek, I began straightway with Euripides' Medea, and my second book was Sophocles' Antigone. I began a translation of Antigone into Bengali and Sri Aurobindo offered to write a preface if I completed the translation, a preface where ...
... Athens was the supreme achievement, a life in which living itself was an education, where the poorest as well as the richest sat together in the theatre to see and judge the dramas of Sophocles and Euripides, and the Athenian trader and shopkeeper took part in the subtle philosophical conversations of Socrates, created for Europe not only its fundamental political types and ideals but practically all ...
... it is the quality that one at once is aware of in Milton, Words worth, Aeschylus and which even their most fervent admirers would hardly attribute to Shakespeare, Shelley, Keats, Tennyson, Euripides. But there is also an austerity in the poetic manner and that is more difficult to describe or to fix its borders. At most one can say that it consists in a will to express the thing of which you ...
... repeated air Of sad Electra's poet had the power To save the Athenian walls from ruin bare. Apart from the fine-pitched Classical allusions - the mention of the poets Pindar and Euripides - we have in the last line, which looks simple enough, so exquisite a combination of vowels and consonants that a critic like Grierson considers it the most musical in all English poetry. At least ...
... continuity of the kamananda has to be confirmed. This has to be done today. Agesilaus = Sn [Saurin]. Agathon, Alcibiades, Pericles, Brasidas Agis, Agesilaus, Sophocles, Pharnabazus. Lysander, Euripides, Pausanias. Two absolutely perfect, the rest mostly defective. That is already done. Now for the physical siddhi. Ananda first of all, Ananda first & foremost. If there were not strong resistance ...
... Marcellus. Agis. Philip IV. Pausanias. Lysander. B. [Benedict] Arnold Notes - IX χωμοɩ Pericles, Agathon, Alcibiadas, Brasidas.... Agesilaus, Agis, Sophocles, Pharnabazus .. Lysander, Euripides, Pausanias Notes - X 19ṭḥ jagrat developed—except divya. 21ṣṭ thought proved & free from error. 24ṭḥ sarvatragati perfect 27 siddhis perfect. All proved. Page 1281 Notes ...
... severe; it is the quality that one at once is aware of in Milton, Wordsworth, Aeschylus and which even their most fervent admirers would hardly attribute to Shakespeare, Shelley, Keats, Tennyson, Euripides. But there is also an austerity in the poetic manner and that is more difficult to describe or to fix its borders. At most one can say that it consists in a will to express the thing of which you ...
... and Virgil his heroic Aeneas and his tragic Dido — but most of the other characters are a little wooden. Among those who have just missed entering the third row are the Roman Lucretius, the Greek Euripides, the Spanish Calderon, the French Corneille and Hugo, the English Spenser. While mentioning the various names I noticed one of you trying to anticipate the roll by whispering "Wordsworth". Well ...
... Erannoboas (Hiranyavāha, Sonos/Son), 116 Eratosthenes, 261 Erythraean Sea, 55, 56 Essenes, 240 Eudemus, 66 Eucratides/Eukratides, 40, 429, 441 Eumenes of Pergama, 236-7 Euripides: Bacchae, 260 Euthydemus, 532 evam aha, 384 Evvi, 380 Fa-hien/Fa-hsian, 44, 45, 228, 365, 407-08, 605 Fairservis, Walter Jr., 393 Ferenc, Z., 276 Filliozat, J ...
... legends of Greek mythology highly Romantic, nor does Greek Romanticism end for him with the fabulous and the fantastic in Homer: imagination breaks bounds in Aeschylus, passion snaps the leash in Euripides and strange as well as violent themes are found in much Greek drama. Touches of the Romantic occur in Latin literature too - in Ovid "with his love-lorn heroines", Virgil "with his Messianic broodings ...
... and beautification of the Acropolis, and Phidias, the sculptor, created the statues of the Parthenon. 3 Cultural events such as public performances of the great plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides formed part of the developing urban lifestyle. All citizens, rich or poor, could enjoy these social events together in an atmosphere of critical appreciation. The political and social organisation ...
... University Press, third edition 1983), pp. 24-33. Page 277 Notes 1. Karl K. Darrow, The Renaissance of Physics (New York: 1936), p. 301. 2. Chorus from The Bacchae of Euripides. Gilbert Murray's translation. A few dates 1889 (November, 14) - Birth of Nehru in Allahabad. 1905 - Goes to England for study in Harrow and Cambridge ...
... told him straight away that it was in such and such a place, instead of Hanuman having to search for it everywhere. The shadow-of-Sita story reminds me of Helen of Troy's story. Someone—perhaps Euripides—says that it was not the real Helen but her image that was taken by Paris and that after the battle was over she rejoined her husband. × ...
... the end. He started out with Homer, and later he sent from the Far East for other works of literature, classical and modern. He had special veneration for the three great tragedians, above all for Euripides, whom he knew so well that at times he could recite entire scenes from memory. Besides the poets who accompanied his travelling court there were also in his camp philosophers and philosophically educated ...
... 145-6n., 148n -"The Hollow Men", 140, 149n -The Waste Land, 140 Elsinore, 185 Encyclopaedists, the, 286 England, 205, 253, 284 Epicurus, 108, 1O9n Euclid, 107 Euripides, 73, 86 Europe, 58, 60, 199, 243, 253, 273, 284-5, 289 FAKIRS, 221, 223 Fascism, 253, 262 Flaubert, 88 France, 66, 193, 198, 205, 253, 284, 298 Francisco, 173-4 French ...
... just a little, one remove, away from the purity of the central inspiration—there is a veil, although a thin transparent veil, yet a veil between which intervenes. With the third of the Brotherhood, Euripides, we slide lower down—we arrive at a predominantly mental transcription of an experience or inner conception; but something of the major breath continues, an aura, a rhythm that maintains the inner ...
... adults, for those, that is, who had already had some education, the reading material must be adapted to their age and mental development. That is why, when I took up Greek, I began straightway with Euripides' Medea, and my second book was Sophocles' Antigone. I began a translation of Antigone into Bengali and Sri Aurobindo offered to write a preface if I completed the translation, a preface where, he ...
... Dutt, Tom 253 Eliot, T.S. 44,198,267,272,314,389,391, 397,408,411,413,414,453 Emerson, R.W. 332 Erie 47,50,51 Essays on the Gita 25,294,359 Euripides 243 Fausset, Hugh I'Anson 434 Ferrar, Hugh Norman 53 Fischer, Kuno 425 Fitts, Dudley 394 Friar, Kimon 398,401 Future Poetry, The ...
... wonders, even arrest Nature's normal process (as in the story of Nalayani who could prevent the sun from rising), and achieve the impossible. In the Greek story of Admetus and Alcestis (the theme of Euripides' Alcestis), the wife dies so that the husband may live. Although Admetus' father and mother both decline to die in his place, his wife Alcestis agrees to make the sacrifice. Yet Alcestis ...
... Aurobindo's method of teaching a new language was, not through primers and grammars, but to make the pupil plunge into the living waters of its great literature. Nolini began Greek with the Medea of Euripides and the Antigone of Sophocles. Latin with the Aeneid, and Italian with Dante.** This was also the period when they felt they might indulge a little in the luxury of buying books. With a lavish ...
... which suddenly sends its call and all is athrob and life changes course. Now I see so clearly into the destiny of men and their hidden – and transparent – power. I hear in the distance Euripides' poignant voice: “A path is there, and none could see it.” I hear Antigone's tender voice: “Deprived of tears, of Page 123 my kin, what is this justice that sends me down into this dug ...
... same roof with unbelievers, as the roof may fall down upon them. So she went to live somewhere else. Sri Aurobindo, after recounting the above incident to Purani 1. A copy of Alcestis of Euripides, which he used at the School, bears the inscription: 'M. Ghose, L. C. V., Midsummer 1884, Manchester Grammar School.' From M. M. Ghose's Collected Poems, vol. II. Page 129 and ...
... as sensuous and passionate. Milton himself — as compared to a poet like Homer — was far from simple. I don't believe his construction and his mode of thought were even as simple as Sophocles's or Euripides's. His "simple", therefore, I understand as "unforced" or "fresh" or "alive with a natural vigour": it is opposed not to "complex" but to "mechanically constructed" or "dryly devious" or "artificially ...
... realistic" . 29 He has also described Aeschylus's imagination as Romantic because it "ranges like Marlowe's among the echoing names of far countries of the world". 30 Then he has remarked apropos of Euripides's Andromeda : "We who possess Romeo and Juliet and Antony and Cleopatra cannot share the rage of Aristophanes at this first staging of romantic passion." 31 Finally, he has the observation: "There ...
... wine-aspect of the Hellenic god. The fusion is to be expected, since he was to the Greeks as much an empire-builder as a god. In the imagination of the Macedonian soldiers he was the subject of Euripides's fable - a conqueror of the East whom they endowed with a constructive role in the remote past of India. This role bulked large in the thought of Megasthenes and it is well spotlighted by Arrian ...
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