Louis IX : (1214-70), King of France (1226-70), canonized as St. Louis. The most popular of the Capetian monarchs of medieval history, in 1248 he led the Sixth Crusade to the Holy Land. In 1270 he embarked on another crusade to Tunisia, where he died. Louis XII (1462-1515), King of France (1498-1515) noted for his disastrous Italian wars & his domestic popularity. Louis XIII (1601-43), King of France (1610-43). Louis XIV (1638-1715), King of France (1643-1715). His reign marked the apogee of the monarchical idea & a golden age for the arts, which earned him the name of the Sun King. His reign was characterised by the phrase “L’état, c’est moi” (“I am the State”). Louis XVI (1754-93), King of France from 1774, failed to provide the strong government France needed in that critical time.
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