Baghdad : city of ancient Mesopotamia on the Tigris, closest to Euphrates. From 5th millennium BC, it was a nodal point of desert travel & trade, & later the capital of the Abbasside Caliphate. Abu Ja’far Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Mansur (714–75 AD), the second Abbasid Caliph is generally regarded as the real founder of the Abbasid Caliphate. Al-Mansur is also known for founding the ‘round city’ of Madinat al-Salam which was to become the core of imperial Baghdad. Al-Mansur was proclaimed Caliph on his way to Mecca in the year 753 & installed the next year. Under the Abbassides Baghdad’s commercial position became unrivalled & became, under Haroun Al Rashid, the greatest city of Islam. By 1200 Chenghiz Khan’s conquests began to shake the Abbasside Empire; upon conquering Baghdad Chenghiz put up a tower of one lakh skulls there. In 1258 Chenghiz’s grandson Hulagu Khan overthrew the Abbasside Caliphate. By 1638, when it became part of the Ottoman Empire its population was a mere 14,000. In 1920 it became the capital of the newly constituted kingdom of Iraq.
... not effected, but Nureddene has a chance to belabour the 'bad' Vizier. Before Almuene is able to arrest Nureddene, he escapes to Baghdad with Anice. There at once their native gaiety returns: A NICE -A LJALICE This is Baghdad! N UREDDENE Baghdad the beautiful, The city of delight. How green these gardens! What a sweet clamour pipes among the trees! A NICE -A... the most Shakespearian. V In Eric (described as 'A Dramatic Romance'), which comes next in order of conception and execution, the scene shifts to ancient Norway. But Syria or Norway, Baghdad or Avuntie (in Vasavadutta), it makes little difference to the dramatist himself. What Sri Aurobindo wrote about Perseus, in fact, amenable to a more general application: In a romantic work ...
... Nishikanto, who had heard the stories of the Arabian Nights from his sister Bela, tried to identify Calcutta with Baghdad, the city of the Arabian Nights. All the descriptions he had heard about the city from Bela matched with Calcutta, so when he asked Sudhakanto: “Is this the city of Baghdad?” and received the reply: “No, it’s Calcutta”, his young imaginative mind came to the conclusion that his brother... brother knew nothing. After reaching Santiniketan when he was taken to Rabindranath Tagore, he identified the poet as Harun-ul-rashid, the Caliph of Baghdad, and thought that the Caliph must have come in disguise to inquire about the well-being of his subjects. Though the scenic beauty of Santiniketan developed the poetic mind of Nishikanto, it did little to improve his health. Compared to the other ...
... animals' frieze on the Kulli pots finds close stylistic parallels on pots known from Susa and Khuzistan and also from the 114. Op. cit., pp. 115-16. Page 251 Dyala region near Baghdad, and named, from their use of a bright red paint in addition to black, 'scarlet ware'.... There is no doubt of the common feeling in composition and spirit, and to some extent in technique, in the ...
... themselves to be the strongest military power on Earth, the most efficient merchants, the busiest bankers, penetrating every continent, financing the Turks, flinging out a railroad from Berlin to Baghdad, gaining the trade of Latin America, challenging the sea power of Great Britain, and in the realm of intellect systematically organizing, under the concept Wissenschaft, every branch of human knowledge ...
... 236 axes, ceremonial, 281-2 azis dahako, 329 Bactria, 207, 211, 228, 283, 284, 287. 295, 297, 305-8, 310, 312, 318. 320 Bactrian camel, see camel, Bactnan Baghdad, 252 Bahrain, 201 Balakot, 250 Balbutha Taruksa, 362, 363 Balu, 419 Baluch Makran, 252 Baluch traders, settlers, 252 Balūchistān, 183, 189, 191, 205 ...
... whether Japan was declared the leader of Asia or the Far East): Not that it makes any difference. SATYENDRA: It is the Far East. SRI AUROBINDO: Italy has an eye on Palestine and Hitler wants Baghdad. How can Japan be allowed the whole of Asia then? NIRODBARAN: Russia left out of the picture? SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, perhaps they have seen that she is not in a fighting mood at present. It seems ...
... its neighbours in practically every field. It became the leading nation in the chemical, electrical and optical industries, backed up by the powerful banks. It planned and began building the Berlin-Baghdad Railway, aimed directly at the ever more important oil fields in the Middle East and at the heart of the British colonial empire, while securing a strong foothold in Turkey, on the southern threshold... themselves to be the strongest military power on earth, the most efficient merchants, the busiest bankers, penetrating every continent, financing the Turks, flinging out a railroad from Berlin to Baghdad, gaining the trade of Latin America, challenging the sea power of Great Britain, and in the realm of the intellect systematically organizing, under the concept of Wissenschaft , every branch of human ...
... culture surviving in Syria, and soon translations were made into Arabic of many Greek books, especially in philosophy, medicine and mathematics and made possible further studies on these subjects. Baghdad became soon the centre of an intellectual effervescence which has been compared to the one of the European Renaissance. Much was learned from Persian and Jewish sources. Many ideas were borrowed from... East as a substitute for parchment and leather at a time when papyrus was not yet forgotten, the product received the namepapyros — paper. The first paper manufacturing plant in Islam was opened at Baghdad in 794. The craft was then brought by the Arabs to Sicily and Spain (950), and thence passed into Italy (1154) and France. The Arabs, so recently nomads or merchants, started to adapt art forms ...
... destruction, of course not caused by modern weapons but by the crude ones proper to those times. People were massacred on a large scale. PURANI: Yes, Baghdad, for example, was destroyed completely. Timur and others caused no less destruction. In Baghdad he erected a minaret of skulls. The British have invented some air raid shelters called Anderson shelters, about the size of a policeman's watch cabin ...
... There is a good Vizier and a junior bad Vizier; the former's son, Nureddene, loves the Persian slave-girl Anice-al-jalice, but the bad Vizier creates difficulties. The lovers are obliged to flee to Baghdad, where the great Caliph, Haroun al Rasheed (the Charlemagne of Persian History), conceives an instant liking for them and sets Nureddene on the throne of Bassora. "Romance" the play is called, and... There is no need to read between the lines for Page 49 any lurking philosophy. The language has a rich sensuousness that succeeds in vividly evoking the atmosphere of ancient Baghdad and Bassora. Nureddene reminds us of Prince Hal in Shakespeare's Henry IV. Almuene the bad Vizier is sinister like Heathcliff, and Fareed is a shadowy Linton. Doonya has maiden-fire, and Anice walks ...
... nature of those four teeth. In a general summary of his views on horse-finds all over the ancient world, he gives the benefit of the doubt to the horselike representation on a vase from Khafaje near Baghdad, belonging to the Jamdat Nasr period, approximately 3000 B.C. 7 Then he remarks: "The bones from Rānā Ghundāī I are dated even earlier, but domestication cannot be proved." 8 This means that the ...
... while battleships and Zeppelins were being built, the German dreamt of a life-giving traditional “culture” in opposition to the detestable life-taking modern “civilization”; that while the Berlin-Baghdad Railway was being constructed he suffered from Kulturpessimismus ; that, while the whole world was using his precision instruments, paints and chemicals, he felt himself “uncomfortable with civilization” ...
... future divine manifestations including Zoroaster, the Buddha, Jesus Christ and Muhammad. Baha Ullah spent most of his life in prison and was often subjected to torture, first in Persia, afterwards in Baghdad and Acre, where he died in 1892. Abdul Baha (1844-1921), his eldest son, succeeded him. Today, there are about three million Baha’is in the world. The Baha’i religion has once again been severely ...
... effective existence. "On October 28, after Chundrigar became Prime Minister, Time (p. 26) again declared: 'Chundrigar promptly pledged Pakistan's continued loyalty to the anti-communist Baghdad and SEATO Pacts. But few observers in Karachi believed that his rickety coalition could muster the strength to deal with the nation's slide toward economic chaos. A reliable U.S. ally appeared to ...
... necessary conquests which would give Germany access to the wheat fields and ore basins of Russia and to the oil fields in the Middle East, a war aim prefigured in the peacetime construction of the Berlin-Baghdad railway. 266 This was the minimum programme the German leadership had in mind, to be carried out if they won the war; the conditions of the Peace of Brest-Litovsk were only part of it. One finds ...
... under the cover of Yoga, it seems to be the development of certain visions and imaginations of the future in which she began to indulge some time ago—visions of a world war and troops entraining at Baghdad, prophecies of a war between England and the Islamic peoples, etc; she had even fixed the date for next year. She had been told at the beginning that my work had no connection with politics and that ...
... said: "Bring him back in a year." Slightly disappointed, but nursing high hopes, Iskandar sent Ali to study the works of the great Sufis of the past, and to visit the shrines of ancient masters in Baghdad, so that the intervening time would not be wasted. When he brought the youth back to the court, he said: "Peacock of the Age! My son has carried out long and difficult journeys, and at the same ...
... may start some Government as in Manchuria. The Chinese can't be relied on to fight against Russia or Germany. Everyone knows that Italy has her eye on Asia Minor and that Germany wants to get into Baghdad. Japan won't like that. She won't like the "barbarians" taking possession of Asia. NIRODBARAN: Roosevelt is standing for election after all. SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, of course, he was maneuvering ...
... saint of the Middle Ages, after having attained spiritual self-knowledge, publicly declared, "Anal Haq, I am the Truth." Because of this so-called heresy, he was sentenced to death by the Calif of Baghdad. And was it a simple death? Not at all. His body was first tortured to an unbelievable extent, cut to pieces limb by limb and then finally put to a horrible death. The day was March 26 of A.D. 922 ...
... Perhaps not on such a large scale. Sri Aurobindo : There are cases of the whole population of the city killed by their primitive method. Page 280 Disciple : Instance of Baghdad where Ghangiskhan put up a tower made of one lakh of human skulls. Page 281 ...
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