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Barindra Kumar Ghose Barin Barin Ghose : (1880-1959), Sri Aurobindo’s younger brother, born at Croydon, England. He passed the entrance examination from Deoghar School & First Year Arts from Dacca University. Around 1902 he went to stay with Sri Aurobindo at Baroda. Here he became filled with the urge to prepare the country for a revolutionary movement for freedom from British subjection. The scheme of Bhawāni Mandir was mainly his idea, &, though it did not materialize, Barindra tried to establish something like it on a small scale in Manicktolla Gardens near Calcutta. (See Bhattacharya Abinash). Early in 1908 the police came to know of his activities & in May he & many others were arrested & tried in Alipore Bomb Case. He was awarded the death sentence by the Sessions Judge but the Appellate Court reduced it to life-imprisonment. Released from the Andamans in 1920, he worked for Sri Aurobindo in Bengal, & lived in Pondicherry from 1923 to Dec.25, 1929.

214 result/s found for Barindra Kumar Ghose Barin Barin Ghose

... Part IV: Correspondence with Early Disciples Champaklal's Treasures - Edition-II Barindra Kumar Ghose LIFE SKETCH Barindra Kumar Ghose (1880-1959), head of the Maniktola secret society, was born in Croydon, England. He was eight years younger than his brother Sri Aurobindo. At the age of one his mother brought him to India where he was raised and educated... institution, written by Sri Aurobindo, was published in a pamphlet entitled "Bhawani Mandir" early in 1905.) Barin searched in the Vindhya mountains for a suitable place tc set up an Ashram, but could not find one. The scheme eventually took shape in a modified form in the centre at Maniktola. Barin returned to Calcutta in the spring of 1906. Sri Aurobindo, having resigned his position in Baroda, also... brief lifespan. Eager to do more than just talk about revolution, Barin formed his own revolutionary group in mid 1907,establishing his headquarters and training centre at Maniktola. The property, owned by the Ghose brothers, was a secluded two-acre piece of land overgrown with vegetation. Here at "the Garden", as it was called, Barin began systematic instruction of the young men he had recruited; there ...

... Besides Sri Aurobindo, there were also other fiery propagators of the new gospel of Nationalism—notably Brahmabandhab Upadhyaya, Bhupendranath Dutt and Sri Aurobindo's younger brother, Barindra Kumar Ghose.... Bhupendranath Dutt . In the interests of truth this name should be omitted. Bhupen Dutt was at the time only an obscure hand in the Yugantar office incapable of writing anything... no declared editor) were Barin, Upen Banerji (also a subeditor of the Bande Mataram) and Debabrata Bose who subsequently joined the Ramakrishna Mission (being acquitted in the Alipur case) and was [ ] 2 prominent among the Sannyasis at Almora and as a writer in the Mission's journals. Upen and Debabrata were masters of Bengali prose and it was their writings and Barin's that gained an unequalled ...

... there was a clatter and a creaking of boots. Suddenly out of the dark silence, a conversation arose: "You are under arrest. Your name?" "Barindra Kumar Ghose." "Arabinda Ghose?" "No, Barindra Kumar Ghose." "Well, we'll see." The next thing I knew was a hand clapping on my shoulders. "Come," said a voice. Several people have expressed... factory for the making of bombs might be tried somewhere around the mica pits he owned in that region. His eldest son Satyendra had been a schoolmate and friend of Barin and the two were practically co-workers. This family had helped Barin a good deal by their offers of money and advice. But what I had in mind was not these external things but an inner life. Manoranjan Guhathakurta had an inner life... be the motto of the soldier. That is why he left standing instructions with Barin and his group that they were not to admit anything immediately they were caught by the police. They should keep their mouths shut and make whatever statements were necessary only when the time came at a later stage. It is however true that Barin and some of the senior members of the group did Page 363 ...

... Page 21 there was a clatter and a creaking of boots. Suddenly out of the dark silence, a conversation arose: "You are under arrest. Your name?" "Barindra Kumar Ghose." "Arabinda Ghose?" "No, Barindra Kumar Ghose." "Well, we'll see." The next thing I knew was a hand clapping on my shoulders. "Come," said a voice. Several people have expressed great surprise at... factory for the making of bombs might be tried somewhere around the mica pits he owned in that region. His eldest son Satyendra had been a schoolmate and friend of Barin and the two were practically co-workers. This family had helped Barin a good deal by their offers of money and advice. But what I had in mind was not these external things but an inner life. Manoranjan Guhathakurta had an inner life... the motto of the soldier. That is why he left standing instructions with Barin and his group that they were not to admit anything immediately they were caught by the police. They should keep their mouths shut and make whatever statements were necessary only when the time came at a later stage. It is however true that Barin and some of the senior members of the group did make a full confession soon ...

... this letter. He entered into correspondence with Barindra Kumar Ghose in 1923. After a visit to Pondicherry early in 1926, he wrote to Barin about his sadhana on 17 March. Barin drafted a reply following Sri Aurobindo's instructions. This was so completely revised by Sri Aurobindo that it may be considered his own letter. To Barindra Kumar Ghose and Others, 1922 - 1928 . Sri Aurobindo wrote... later letters. To Barindra Kumar Ghose . Sri Aurobindo's youngest brother Barindra Kumar Ghose (1880 - 1959) was born in England and raised in Bengal. He first got to know Sri Aurobindo after the latter's return from England in 1893. Around 1902 Barin became involved in a nascent revolutionary society that Sri Aurobindo and others had set up in Calcutta. In 1906 Barin and other members of this... from 1875 to 1939, on behalf of his younger brother, Barindra Kumar Ghose, who then was living with him in Baroda. Barin had just returned from Bengal, where for two or three years he had been helping to organise the revolutionary secret society that Sri Aurobindo, Jatin Banerji and others had set up. The Maharaja agreed to give Barin a job, but Barin went back to Bengal before he could begin work. ...

... little Ara was completing his seventh year on this earth. Barindra Kumar Ghose, the revolutionary-to-be, was born on 5 January 1880. His mother registered her last son's name at Corydon as EMANUEL MATTHEW GHOSE. "Matthew was her doctor's name," explains Barin, "Emanuel was because I was born just a few days after Christ, and Barin was because I was born almost on the seashore." Actually he was... of the Crystal Palace." In March 1880, with a three-year-old toddler and a two-month-old infant in her arms, Swarnalata returned to India. By now she was firmly in the grip of her ailment. Barin was then a babe, but as he grew up he noticed that his mother was a prey to storms. "Storms came alternately. A storm of joy Page 120 Krishna Dhan, Swarnalata, and their ...

... rich man. The time was towards the end of 1907 and the beginning of 1908. I was about seventeen or eighteen and had just finished with my college life. The dramatis personae were (1) Barindra Kumar Ghose, (2) Ullaskar Dutt, (3) Prafulla Kumar Chakravarti, (4) Bibhuti Bhushan Sarkar, and (5) Nolini Kanta Gupta. The plot was to manufacture bombs. Hitherto, there had been only preliminary i... now returning." Barin gave me a rebuke, "No sentimentality, please." As we walked down, I wondered if the frightful noise had not reached the people around. There was of course nothing like a human habitation anywhere in the neighbourhood. But people did come from the surrounding country to gather fuel in the thickets. However, nothing untoward happened and we returned safely. Barin and Ullas left... manufacture of bombs? It would not have been far out to call it an Ashram, "the abode of quiet joy", in the Kalidasian phrase, santa-rasaspadam asramam idam. And it was precisely because of this that Barin got Lele Maharaj down here for our initiation and training in sadhana, the discipline of yoga, the same Lele who had been of particular help to Sri Aurobindo at a certain stage of his own sadhana ...

... and a complete and always present vital and physical protection. Aurobindo. × Sri Aurobindo's letters to Barindra Kumar Ghose on Krishnashashi's case are published on pages 337-54 .—Ed. ... To Krishnashashi Pondicherry, January 1923. My dear Krishnashashi, I have seen all the experiences that you have written down, and sent to me and received yours and Barin's letter. 1 It is no doubt true as you say that your sadhana has gone on different lines from that of the others. But it does not follow that you are entirely right in insisting on your own ideas ...

... in the earlier periods that it is the direct and full Supramental. To think so when it is not so may well be a hindrance to progress. Sri Aurobindo The Mother's feet, painting by Barindra Kumar Ghose ...

... rich man. The time was towards the end of 1907 and the beginning of 1908. I was about seventeen or eighteen and had just finished with my college life. The dramatis personae were (1) Barindra Kumar Ghose, (2) Ullaskar Dutt, (3) Prafulla Kumar Chakravarti, (4) Bibhuti Bhushan Sarkar, and (5) Nolini Kanta Gupta. The plot was to manufacture bombs. Hitherto, there had been only preliminary... returning." Barin gave me a rebuke, "No sentimentality, please." As we walked down, I wondered if the frightful noise had not reached the people around. There was of course nothing like a human habitation anywhere in the neighbourhood. But people did come from the surrounding country to gather fuel in the thickets. However, nothing untoward happened and we returned safely. Barin and Ullas left... e of bombs? It would not have been far out to call it an Ashram, "the abode of quiet joy", in the Kalidasian phrase, sānta-rasspadam-āsramam-idam. And it was precisely because of this that Barin got Lele Maharaj down here for our initiation and training in sadhana, the discipline of yoga, the same Lele who had been of particular help to Sri Aurobindo at a certain stage of his own sadhana ...

... time as the General Assembly's Institution. Page 1 Nandi, a son of Colonel Nandi of the Indian Medical Service. Let me recount some of his exploits. He had been a colleague of Barin Ghose of Manicktolla Gardens fame, and also a member of the Atmopnati Samiti, an "Association for Self-improvement". This Samiti was really a centre for the recruitment and training of revolutionaries... it as goon as he got a chance.... The life-story of this Ullaskar is a real drama, although its last stage is rather tragic. Soon after this incident he joined the Manicktolla Gardens with Barin Ghose and gave all his thought and energy to the making of a bomb. He did not know even the a b c of bombs. He read up by himself books on Chemistry, pieced out information from all kinds of books and... that Ullas is still alive, though almost half-dead, they say. Ten or twelve years of jail in the Anda-mans deranged him in body and mind. But this after all was part of the ritual of sacrifice. As Barin used to say, "Such indeed was the vow in this kind of marriage". For, the enthusiasm of that day, that reawakening to Page 4 new life, took no account whatever of the gains and ...

... up the list of the "good" boys. Among the "bad" ones was Indranath Nandi, a son of Colonel Nandi of the Indian Medical Service. Let me recount some of his exploits. He had been a colleague of Barin Ghose of Manicktolla Gardens fame, and also a member of the Atmonnati Samiti, an "Association for Self-improvement". This Samiti was really a centre for the recruitment and training of revolutionaries... use of it as soon as he got a chance. The life-story of this Ullaskar is a real drama, although its last stage is rather tragic. Soon after this incident he joined the Manicktolla Gardens with Barin Ghose and gave all his thought and energy to the making of a bomb. He did not know even the ABC's of bombs. He read up by himself books on Chemistry, pieced out information from all kinds of books and... heard that Ullas is still alive, though almost halfdead, they say. Ten or twelve years of jail in the Andamans deranged him in body and mind. But this after all was part of the ritual of sacrifice. As Barin used to say, "Such indeed was the vow in this kind of marriage." For, the enthusiasm of that day, that reawakening to new life, took no account whatever of the gains and the losses. It forged ahead ...

... my studies. I had no mind to learn at the Calcutta University or to get an official employment. I therefore left my brother after about 15 days and went to Calcutta and became acquainted with Barindra Kumar Ghose. Q: When was that? A: About a year and a half ago. Q: How did you make this acquaintance? A: I met him at the Jugantar Office where I used to get the Jugantar newspaper: the office is... Lane. I assisted at publishing the newspaper. Q: Who were managing it then? A: Abinash Chandra Bhattacharjee was Manager and there were also helping in the office Upendra Nath Banerjee, Barindra Kumar Ghose, Dindayal and Sailendra Ghose, Dindayal was only living there; He was employed by the Tramways. Q: How long did you help in the office? A: I lived there one month. I took no pay. Upendra... to his elder brother Narendra Kumar Sarkar, but as he had no mind to learn at the Calcutta University, or to get an official employment, he came to Calcutta and then made the acquaintance of Barindra Kumar Ghose, whom he met at the Jugantar Office. He assisted in the publication of the Jugantar paper for a month, he says, and then returned to Khulna “and occasionally came to Manicktollah and so used ...

... Part IV: Correspondence with Early Disciples Champaklal's Treasures - Edition-II Barindra Kumar Ghose’s Reminiscences Since his arrival in India in 1893 Sri Aurobindo used to visit our maternal grandfather Rishi Rajnarain Bose's house at Deoghar. My first meeting with him took place there. My patriotic inspiration was largely derived from his deep and ...

... the best. 21 January 1960 The Mother The Mother with Champaklal and Kamala Part IV, "Correspondence with Early Disciples", contains letters by Sri Aurobindo written to Barindra Kumar Ghose and other early disciples. They give an intimate picture of the early days of the Ashram and provide details about Sri Aurobindo's sadhana between 1920 and 1924. These letters show that Sri... and outside it. His concern for their welfare and his all-pervading compassion are evident in these letters. Sri Aurobindo first inculcated the revolutionary spirit into his younger brother when Barin visited him in Baroda. His guidance on sadhana, his insights into the work of hostile forces and his description of the vital worlds, "Rakshasi-maya", will be instructive to those who are doing yoga ...

... victory will have been won and the entire elimination of the vital weakness will be only a matter of a little perseverance. Sri Aurobindo Sri Aurobindo Painting by Barindra Kumar Ghose Barindra Kumar Ghose - sketch by the Mother ...

... those like you who are being or will in future be trained directly under me in my spiritual discipline. AUROBINDO GHOSE Arya Office, Pondicherry. 18th November 1922. (Script Barindra Kumar Ghose.) Dear Barin, I waited for your letter in order to know precisely what portions Chitaranjan wanted to publish and why. It turns out to be as I said, but I wanted confirmation. I must now make... Part IV: Correspondence with Early Disciples Champaklal's Treasures - Edition-II Letters to Barindra Kumar Ghose I have received your three letters, but up to now I have not managed to write an answer. It is a miracle that even now I sat down to write, because letter writing for me takes place once in a blue moon —especially writing in Bengali which I... Bengal now. Not because Bengal is not ready but because I am not ready. If the unripe goes amidst the unripe what work can he do? 7 April 1920 (Translated from the original in Bengali) Dear Barin, I understand from your letter that you need a written authority from me for the work I have entrusted to you and a statement making your position clear to those whom you may have to approach in ...

... Letters of Historical Interest Early Letters on Yoga and the Spiritual Life (1911-1928) Autobiographical Notes To Barindra Kumar Ghose [1] Arya Office Pondicherry November 18. 1922. Dear Barin, I understand from your letter that you need a written authority from me for the work I have entrusted to you and a statement making your position clear... × This letter, which as preserved has no salutation, was apparently written to Barindra Kumar Ghose. The typescript is headed "To Jyotish Mukherjee"—apparently indicating that Sri Aurobindo's answer was to be transmitted to Jyotish by Barin.—Ed. × MS (copy) ... myself aided closely by those like you who are being or will in future be trained directly under me in my spiritual discipline. Aurobindo Ghose. [2] Pondicherry December 1. 1922 Dear Barin, I waited for your letter in order to know precisely what portions Chittaranjan wanted to publish and why. 1 It turns out to be as I saw, but I wanted confirmation. I must now make clear the reasons ...

... None the less, Barindra Kumar Ghose was sincere, and in a great measure chivalrous. Ullaskar, as a college student, had thrashed his professor, one Mr. Russell, for having spoken deprecatingly of the Bengalis. He had then joined the Manicktolla group and started making bombs. Love of the Motherland was a consuming passion with him, and nothing else mattered. Like Barin, Ullaskar too spent... about the place, there was a clatter and a creaking of boots. Suddenly out of the dark silence, a conversation arose: "Your are under arrest. Your name?" "Barindra Kumar Ghose." "Arabinda Ghose?" "No, Barindra Kumar Ghose." * "A spy, Rajani Sarkar by name, had gained admittance into the garden as a friend of one of the boys and conveyed information to the police. The police waited... critical situation in the country". 8 It was, perhaps, not wholly unnatural that the panic-stricken authorities should have suspected that Sri Aurobindo - wasn't he the elder brother of Barindra Kumar Ghose? - was also somehow or other connected with the revolutionary organisation, the miniature bomb-factory at the Manicktolla Gardens, and perhaps even with the bomb-throwing at Muzzaferpore ...

... the use of students of Bhawani Mandir, a "temple to the goddess Bhawani" where young men would be trained to do selfless work for Mother India. The idea of Bhawani Mandir was primarily that of Barindra Kumar Ghose, Sri Aurobindo's younger brother, though Sri Aurobindo did write a manifesto setting forth its ideals around 1905 (see Bhawani Mandir in Bande Mataram: Political Writings 1890-1908 , volume ...

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... Mandir) and it was taking the shape of terrorism. Of this new school in Bengal, Aurobindo was in a sense the spiritual father whose influence on Bhupendra Nath Dutta (Vivekananda's brother) and Barindra Kumar Ghose was considerable. Bhupendra Nath and Barindra   Page 199 Kumar were upholders of the cult of triumph through terror. 37 Many years later, the Rowlatt Committee's Report (1917)... studies a few months hence. Barin toyed with agriculture, then ran a tea-shop at Patna, and at last made a bee-line to Baroda where he arrived one morning in 1901 "with a dirty canvas bag and very dirty clothes". After a bath, he was presentable enough, and made a fourth in the family, with Sri Aurobindo, his wife Mrinalini, and his sister Sarojini already there. 23 Barin, however, had even earlier... earlier caught the revolutionary "virus", and he reached Baroda at the time when Sri Aurobindo was fast sending out his revolutionary tentacles to remote Bengal. Barin too took the customary oath before Sri Aurobindo, with the unsheathed sword in one hand and a copy of the Gita in the other: As long as there is life in me and as long as India is not liberated from her chains of subjection, I will ...

... Balanandaji. Both his father and uncle were close disciples of the Yogi, whom he had the honour of knowing from his childhood. Gobindo Babu still remembers that he was just a child when he saw Barindra Kumar Ghose at Balanandaji's ashram. "Barinda stayed at Deoghar for some time after his return from Pondicherry (in December 1929). I remember very clearly that one day Barinda came to pay his respects ...

... he just says…" "No, you do as you are doing," the Lord said. Since the Lord put it like that, I stayed on a little longer before going away. On the other hand, X was quite angry. Barinda [Barindra Kumar Ghose, Sri Aurobindo's youngest brother] and he wanted to know what had happened. "The Lord asks me to stay on and he makes many enquiries. It all takes time. This inconveniences X and he gets annoyed ...

... blind king who played the part of a blind woman by putting a bandage across her eyes? For all your education in a Brahmo ¹.Up to this point the translation follows an early version by Barindra Kumar Ghose which was seen and revised lightly by Sri Aurobindo. The rest of the translation is new. Page 80 school, you are still a woman from a Hindu home. The blood of Hindu ancestors... Most probably it was during this year (1902) that Barin was sent to Calcutta to help Jatin Banerjee. Barin had been staying at Baroda since 1900 or 1901. The work at Calcutta was begun at 106, Upper Circular Road. Jatin, Barin and Abinash Bhattacharya were the workers. Jatin used to work among the educated classes – pleaders, doctors, etc. – and Barin and Abinash among college students. Wherever they... During his stay at Baroda, Barin read a book on spiritualism and began experimenting with the planchette and with table-tapping. Sri Aurobindo also used to join in the evenings. Two or three experiences are remarkable. Once Barin called his father Dr. K .D. Ghose. A reply came that his spirit was there. He was asked to give a sign or proof of his identity. He reminded Barin about a gold watch which ...

... Foundations of Indian Culture) published in the Arya. December 17 Death of Mrinalini Ghose in Calcutta. 1920 January 20 Letter to Joseph Baptista. April 7 Letter to Barindra Kumar Ghose. April 24 The Mother returns to Pondicherry from Japan. August 15 First issue of the Standard Bearer, a monthly published from Chandernagore under the inspiration ...

... s of Indian Culture) published in the Arya. December 17 Death of Mrinalini Ghose in Calcutta. 1920 — January 20 Letter to Joseph Baptista. April 7 Letter to Barindra Kumar Ghose. April 24 The Mother returns to Pondicherry from Japan. August 15 First issue of the Standard Bearer, a monthly published from Chandernagore under the inspiration of Sri ...

... said that this experience comes usually at the end." Upon his return to Calcutta, Barin spoke to Sejda about this extraordinary man. Sejda expressed a wish to meet this yogi. Soon the opportunity came. Right after the Surat Congress was over Barin sent a wire to Lele. It was in answer to that wire from Barin that Lele had come to Baroda and met Sri Aurobindo at the Jadhavs' house there. From 1923... on a paper. He then advised him to meet Barin who met C. B. Purani for three consecutive days explaining the details of the revolutionary organisation. It was thus that seeds were sown of that movement in Gujarat which became so well known afterwards. The inspiration for it came from Sri Aurobindo." Chhotalal was A. B. 's elder brother. Purani also says, "Barin had intensity and fire at that time. Once... well-laid steps. There Upen Banerji taught the Gita to the young recruits, or 'pestilential agitators' as the then rulers dubbed them. But Barin felt a deep need of spiritual power for their enterprise. He, therefore, set out in search of a guru along with Upen. Barin had heard about Swami Brahmananda when he was in Baroda. But Brahmananda was no more. In his stead was his disciple Swami Keshavananda who ...

... left Barin with his boys to train them as he liked, and had no direct contact with the young men. "I? Good Lord! I had nothing to do with them," Sri Aurobindo exclaimed, amazed at an account brought to him. "It was all Barin's work. I never knew who these boys were and never saw them. Only once Barin brought a troop of them to my house but they were all waiting below. It is true that Barin used... Dutt (1885-1965) came from Tripura. The sentence was changed on appeal to life imprisonment. Along with Barin and a few others he was deported to the Andamans where he remained a prisoner until 1920. Page 278 that movement the fear has gone and it has not come back." Barin and his group dreamed of a far-off revolution. To that end they collected arms, learned to prepare explosives... he not admit that he had "changed cowards into heroes— not by yoga shakti —merely by an inner force"? Barin may have consulted Sejda or Subodh Mullick from time to time, but he was a most careless person. "If I had been the head, I would have been more cautious," Sri Aurobindo said. "Barin was very reckless. On the eve of the search he brought two bombs to my house. I told him, 'Take them away ...

... the attendant disciples, Sri Aurobindo gave several additional details of sittings at Baroda. "Barin at that time was trying some automatic writing," he recollected. "Once a spirit purporting to be that of my father came and made some prophecies. He said that he had once given a golden watch to Barin. Barin tried hard to remember and at last found that it was true." Then he referred to the sudden... saw him cure Barin in almost a moment of a violent and clinging hill-fever by merely cutting through a glassful of water crosswise with a knife while he repeated a silent Mantra. Barin drank and was cured." That was a first-hand knowledge of yogic cure. Later in a talk, Sri Aurobindo described more fully the procedure. "I first knew about yogic cure from a Naga Sadhu or Naga Sannyasi. Barin had mountain... Baroda. This time, apart from Didi and Sejo-Baudi, an aunt of theirs joined them. Barin had recently read some books on spiritism. So to while away the evening hours he began experimenting with planchette and table-tapping. Once begun it caught hold of everyone, and they would sit daily for two to three hours. Barin says that among all those who sat for it, the automatic writing came mostly or more ...

... society. Lele did not know that they were revolutionaries. One day Barin took him into a garden where they were practising shooting. As soon a Lele saw it he understood the nature of the movement and asked Barin to give it up. If Barin did not listen to him, Lele said, he would fall into a ditch and he did fall. Disciple: Barin, I heard, had a lot of experiences. Sri Aurobindo: They were... afraid of even if it entailed a violent death. Barin also had much fear while he was in the terrorist activity. But he would compel himself to do those things. When death sentence was passed on him he took it very cheerfully. 1) Excerpts from Evening Talks with Sri Aurobindo, recorded by A. B. Purani, 1982 ed., 'pp. 545-46. Disciple: Is Barin still doing yoga? Sri Aurobindo : I don't... amateur in many things, e.g. music revolutionary activity. He was also a painter; though it did not come to much in spite of his exhibitions. He did well in all these but nothing more. Disciple: Barin in his paper "Dawn" began to write your biography. Sri Aurobindo: I don't know that. Did he publish a paper? I would have been interested to see what he writes about me. Disciple; It ceased ...

... Five 25 Barin But again I have got ahead of myself so let us take the back trail. One who was closely associated with Sri Aurobindo's revolutionary activity, and had great responsibility, was his younger brother Barin. After their father's death in December 1892, Barin and Sarojini were taken to their grandfather's at Deoghar, where... for the first time they were to meet their three elder brothers. It was at Deoghar that Barin went to school. He passed his Matriculation from Patna University in 1900, then continued his college studies at Dacca. His 'Mejodada' Manmohan, who was then professor at Dacca University, offered him hospitality. Barin then fancied the career of a farmer for himself. It did not work out. After a few meanders... clean dhoti, and my long hair combed in Rabindric style, when I came out everybody heaved a sigh of relief." By 'everybody' Barin means his Didi (Sarojini), Sejda and Sejo-baudi (Sejda's wife). It was several months after Sri Aurobindo's marriage in April 1901 that Barin turned up. "By Page 239 and by I met the Jadhav brothers in the dining room. 'Well, young man!' and with such ...

... Bhawani Mandir Bhawani Mandir was written by Sri Aurobindo but it was more Barin's idea than his. It was not meant to train people for assassination but for revolutionary preparation of the country. The idea was soon dropped as far as Sri Aurobindo was concerned, but something of the kind was attempted by Barin in the Maniktala Garden and it is to this evidently that Hemchandra refers. ... monastery must have been Page 74 simply an idea of Barin. He had travelled among the hills trying to find a suitable place but caught hill-fever and had to abandon his search and return to Baroda. Subsequently he went back to Bengal, but Sri Aurobindo did not hear of any discovery of a suitable place. Sakaria Swami was Barin's Guru: he had been a fighter in the Mutiny on the rebel side and... Sri Aurobindo would not have chosen him for any control of the political side of such an institution. The idea of Bhawani Mandir simply lapsed of itself. Sri Aurobindo thought no more about it, but Barin who clung to the idea tried to establish something like it on a small scale in the Maniktala Garden. ...

... about the mission but he refused. They told him that you had sent them. SRI AUROBINDO: How could I? I didn't know him. It was Barin who knew him. NIRODBARAN: As no entreaty was of avail, Dutt said, "We will send Barin then." He knew Sakaria was very fond of Barin. He then agreed that three months in a year he would stay. The second visit of yours was to his place at Thana. SRI AUROBINDO:... asked his opinion. He said, pointing to you— SRI AUROBINDO: Me? Good Lord! I had nothing to do with them. It was all Barin's work. I never knew who these boys were and never saw them. Only once Barin brought a troop of them to my house but they all waited below. It is true that Barin used to consult me or Mullick for any advice. But the whole movement was in his hands. I had no time for it. I was busy... desire to work for the country. SRI AUROBINDO (smiling) : A great weakness. If he tries, he will meet with no better fate than Barin—namely, failure. SATYENDRA: Barin and A are different personalities. SRI AUROBINDO: Even then he will have the same fate. Barin went out to revolutionise the world. NIRODBARAN: And he ended by revolutionising himself! (Laughter) A is putting out all these ...

... Mandir was written by Sri Aurobindo but it was more Barin's idea than his." Barindra Kumar Ghose, Sri Aurobindo's younger brother, actually went to central India to choose a site for the Temple to the Mother (Bhawani Mandir). Sri Aurobindo continued, "The idea of Bhawani Mandir simply lapsed of itself. Sri Aurobindo thought no more about it, but Barin who clung to the idea tried to establish something... had little time to write for the Bande Mataram . According to Hemendra Prasad, he contributed a few articles, which were invariably accepted. Upendranath Banerji . A member of Barindra Kumar Ghose's revolutionary group, Upendranath joined the Bande Mataram around December 1906. He also wrote for the Bengali paper Yugantar . From mid-1907 he was kept busy by revolutionary work. ...

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... to tell you of a particular incident: Once Sri Aurobindo said to Mother that Barin was bringing a letter and he was on the staircase. Mother told Sri Aurobindo that Barin was coming along with another man. What had happened was that Mother saw the writer of the letter accompanying Barin, though only his letter was in Barin's hand. × ...

... expression he seemed really impressed. That same evening Amrita came to my room and said, “Barin told me that Champaklal's room is worth seeing and insisted I come and see for myself. So I have come.” This is how the Mother cleared my doubts about Barin's statement. You may wonder what was there in my room that Barin liked it so much. There was no furniture, just a thin narrow quilt and a pillow; in a... My Room in Library House After Mother and Sri Aurobindo shifted to Meditation House [February 1927], Mother gave me her room in Library House. One day Barin came to my room and was very happy with the way I had kept my things. He said, “Your room is really nice and beautiful. I like it very much. I wish my room too were like this.” At that time, I, could... Mother and Sri Aurobindo and a single flower of Divine's love . The chest also served as my table. In my present room, there is no space left to keep any extra piece of furniture. In those days, Barin's room was like my present room. However, I was happy in that Library House room and I am equally happy now in my present room, in Meditation House. I saw this happening also in Mother's life. In ...

... their mother had made herself. And both completely illiterate. Barin says that he knew not how to write or even read until the age of ten. Then one day in 1888, when Barin was going on eight, to put it in his own words, "a tiger fell amid the herd," and his Didi was gone. Swarnalata had let Saro be taken away to Khulna by her father. Barin was left all alone with his mother. For two years. Krishna... maintain his wife and the two younger children, Sarojini and Barin. In Rohini, a village not far from Deoghar where lived Swarnalata's parents, he had rented a bungalow set in an extensive ground, with fruit-bearing trees, flower and vegetable gardens. There Saro and Bari were growing up wild. Their father seems to have been a rare visitor. Barin's first memory of his father is almost dream-like. One day... me, Yours affly." Dr. K. D. 's friend duly went to Rohini and met Swarnalata. He tried to persuade her to let Barin join his father and offered her a large sum of money. But the mother absolutely refused to part with her youngest son. Great had been Barin's astonishment to see a fatty gentleman in an overcoat come one morning to their bungalow. Because nobody ever dared to visit ...

... at present command. Page 272 I have thought that by your recommendation and influence you may help Barin to gather them for me.... Yours, Aurobindo On Himself , XXVI.436 ( Letters from Sri Aurobindo to his younger brother Barin. ) 18 November 1922 Dear Barin, ... I have been till now and shall be for some time longer withdrawn in the practice of a Yoga destined to... Divine wants me to be,'—all the rest should go on that base." April 13, 1935 Sri Aurobindo Letters on Yoga , XXIII.582 They have found some letters—some old letters—from Sri Aurobindo to Barin and the lawyer 1 —extraordinary! They are incredible. They give the measure of Sri Aurobindo as a man of action. Even in 1920, he intended to undertake an action. To organize centers all over India... being placed at my disposal that I can carry on this work which is necessary as a preparation for my own return to action.... Aurobindo Ghose On Himself , XXVI.435 1 December 1922 Dear Barin, I must now make clear the reasons why I hesitated to sanction the publication [of certain texts].... But that about non-cooperation would lead, I think, to a complete misunderstanding Page 273 ...

... tale, thought the sceptic boys. Recounts Sri Aurobindo, '' One day Barin took him into a garden where they were practising shooting. As soon as Lele saw it he understood the nature of the movement and asked Barin to give it up. Lele said that if Barin did not listen to him Barin would fall into a ditch -s-and he did fall.'' Barin, let us admit it, had never acquired the good habit of listening... Mother's Chronicles - Book Five 49 The Most Dangerous Man Barin reports that he called Lele to Calcutta for his own sadhana, as well as for training and giving initiation to his boys. Lele came in February 1908 and put up at Sejda's Scott's Lane house. He even went one day to Belur Math and sat in meditation with Swami Brahmananda. He... in the man. He said, 'But you must respect the yellow robe .' '' Sri Aurobindo was no respecter of sham. Before leaving Calcutta in mid-March, Lele had met young people of the Secret Society. Barin had not told him that they were revolutionaries. Nor did he tell Lele what they were doing in the Maniktola Garden. Lele on his several visits met Upen, Prafulla Chaki, and other young men and boys ...

... SATYENDRA: Could he exercise that control in sleep also? SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, Barin knew him. At one time he was his disciple. SATYENDRA: Yes, Barin has written about him. SRI AUROBINDO: Bejoy Goswmi also was poisoned by sannyasins but by the process called stambhan he controlled the effect, they say. SATYENDRA: Barin speaks of Lele also. He recounts how Lele warned him against terrorism. ... "You Bengali coward!" He replied, "Bengali or no Bengali, I am not doing it." (Laughter) PURANI: But this Mudra is very dangerous unless one's vital being is pure. SRI AUROBINDO: I am afraid Barin's wasn't quite pure! (Laughter) PURANI: (After some time) : To go back to X and Z: X said to Z that he could remain without company, etc., like Z. This is rather a compliment to Z. NIRODBARAN: ...

... disciples who were present on 24 November 1926: (1) Bijoy Kumar Nag, (2) Nolini Kanta Gupta, (3) K. Amrita, (4) Moni (Suresh Chakravarty), (5) Pavitra (Phillippe Barbier Saint-Hilaire), (6) Barindra Kumar Ghose, (7) Datta (Miss Hodgson),  (8)  K. Rajangam,   (9)  Satyen,  (10)  Purani, (11) Lilavati (Purani's wife), (12) Punamchand, (13) Champa Ben (Punamchand's wife),  (14) Rajani Kanta Palit, (15)... Aurobindo. In 1920 Dr. Munje, the Congress leader, came to Pondicherry and stayed as Sri Aurobindo's guest. He had long talks with Sri Aurobindo on current Indian politics. Barin Ghose came in 1920 and Ullaskar Dutt, who had, like Barin, been sentenced to death by the sessions judge at Alipore, but later given life imprisonment and ultimately released, came in 1920 or 1921. Abinash Bhattacharya, Sri Aurobindo's... letter known as Pondicherir Patra to his brother Barin. Barin had been released from the Andamans in 1919, after the armistice, and had written to Sri Aurobindo, asking several questions and stating some of his own views. The reply clarifies many points. Relevant passages from the letter are given in translation below. April 7, 1920. Dear Barin, First, about your yoga. You wish to give me ...

... Appendix Champaklal's Treasures Letter to Barindra Kumar Ghose 7 April 1920 7th April 1920 I have received your three letters, but up to now I have not managed to write an answer. It is a miracle that even now I sat down to write, because letter writing for me takes place once in a blue moon—especially writing in Bengali which I have not done... myself aided closely by those like you who are being or will in future be trained directly under me in my spiritual discipline. Aurobindo Ghose [Script Barin Kumar Ghose.] 1 December 1922 Pondicherry, 1st December 1922. Dear Barin, I waited for your letter in order to know precisely what portions Chittaranjan wanted to publish and why. It turns out to be as I said, but I wanted... a disuse. The need is in connection with the first outward work that 1 am undertaking after this long inner retirement. Barin has gone to Bengal and will see you in connection with it, but a word from me is necessary perhaps and therefore I send you this letter through Barin. I am giving him also a letter of authority from which you will understand the immediate nature of the need for which T have ...

... to a halt and, being at a loss, he asked Barin if he knew of someone who could pull him out of the impasse and help him to pursue yoga more systematically than he had hitherto done. In the course of his extensive wanderings, Barin had met a Maharashtrian yogi, Vishnu Bhaskar Lele by name, and had been impressed by him. It had been a brief meeting but Barin remembered the occasion and now, with Sri... need for fixed hours of worship?' Indeed, in the course of only a few months, Sri Aurobindo had gone far beyond the depth of an experienced yogi like Lele. Barin had another purpose in inviting Lele to Calcutta. Some time before this Barin had left Sri Aurobindo's residence at Scott's Lane and moved to Maniktolla Gardens in Muraripukur, North Calcutta. This was a piece of ancestral property, about... his reminiscences how he was once sent by Barin to fetch Sri Aurobindo to visit the Gardens. He writes: 'I went by tram and it was about four in the afternoon when I reached there [Sri Aurobindo's residence].... As I sat waiting in one of the rooms downstairs, Sri Aurobindo came down, stood near me and gave me an inquiring look. I said, in Bengali, "Barin has sent me. Would it be possible for you to ...

... and the constant concern to make both ends meet. It is true the Mother was Sakambari herself, as Vashishta Ganapati Muni had declared, and hence her touch betokened largesse and abundance. As Barindra Kumar Ghose later acknowledged, after 1926, "The Yogic Power of the Mother and Sri Aurobindo opened wide the doors of the unostentatious Ashram, so long in the grip of want and difficulty, to the steady ...

... given to me. One day Barin (who also lived in Guest House) saw the palm sapling and liked it very much. He asked me whether I wanted to offer it. I said, “Yes, certainly.” I was very happy to give it. New leaves had sprung up and it was so pretty. Barin offered it to Mother saying that it was from me. Mother said: “Yes, it can be put in a corner of our terrace.” Barin had not expected that but ...

... into a garden where they were practising shooting. As soon as Lele saw it he understood the nature of the movement and asked Barin to give it up. Lele said that if Barin did not listen to him. Barin would fall into a ditch— and he did. NIRODBARAN: Barin, I heard, had a lot of experiences. SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, but mostly they were rather mental experiences. He gathered a lot of information from... MANILAL: Is Barin still doing Yoga? SRI AUROBINDO: I don't know. He used to do some sort of Yoga even before I began. He took up my Yoga only after coming to Pondicherry. In the Andamans also he was practising it. You know he was Lele's disciple. Once he took Lele to Calcutta to be among the young people of the Secret Society. I didn't know that they were revolutionaries. One day Barin took him into... SRI AUROBINDO: By mental strength, will and spiritual power. In my own case, whenever there was any fear, I used to do very thing I was afraid of, even if it brought the risk of a sudden death. Barin also had a lot of fear while he was carrying terrorist activities. But he too will compel himself to go on. When the death sentence was passed to him, he took it very cheerfully. Henry IV of France ...

... Police. SATYENDRA: Dutt's stories have shed a flood of light on old events. SRI AUROBINDO: Yes, the light that never was on sea or land. PURANI: May I recount a tale about Barin now? Sudhir told me that once Barin came to his house as a guest. Sudhir asked him straight why he had left Pondicherry and to his straight question wanted a straight answer. "When all are turning towards Pondicherry... experiences, stayed a long time. Still why have you come ? Tell me frankly." SRI AUROBINDO ( enjoying the story ): And then? What was the reply? PURANI: The first day Barin evaded Sudhir. The second day he again was asked and then Barin told him that he had come because of his personal difficulties. The Mother had asked him repeatedly not to go; even while going he was having experiences right up to ...

... who was quite capable of doing such things, going to the Consuls, the Czar, the Kaiser. PURANI: Does Barin's article show any change in his attitude? SRI AUROBINDO ( smiling, stretching out both hands in a half-hanging position and then pausing a little ): It is difficult to say about Barin. After having failed in whatever he tried, he may look back now in a different light. He says whatever suits... correct. Nolini himself was one of the party. They never approached Dutt. But the boy's death by a bomb explosion is quite true. PURANI: Nolini said that Barin was carrying the bomb in his hand with the cap on. SRI AUROBINDO: Cap on? Just like Barin. PURANI: And when Prafulla threw the bomb, it exploded in the air before touching the ground. NIRODBARAN: Chakravarty thought that as soon as it... failed in everything after going from here, while the Ashram has grown ever since. That may have impressed him. PURANI: To realise and say that he has deviated from the path is rather strong for Barin, I thought. SRI AUROBINDO: He says whatever is uppermost in his mind, according to his moods, and he says it with force. NIRODBARAN: X is trying to boycott the Calcutta Nationalist papers, especially ...

... society. Lele did not know that they were revolutionaries. One day Barin took him into a garden where they were practicing shooting. As soon as Lele saw it he understood the nature of the movement and asked Barin to give it up. If Barin did not listen to him, Lele said, he would fall into a ditch and he did fall. Disciple : Barin, I heard, had a lot of experiences. Sri Aurobindo : They... Sri Aurobindo : By mental strength, will and spiritual power. In my own case, whenever there was any fear I used to do the very things that I was afraid of even if it entailed a violent death. Barin also had much fear while he was in the terrorist activity. But he would compel himself to do those things. When death sentence was passed on him he took it very cheerfully. Henry IV, King of France... suggestions bring in the adverse forces which then catch hold of the subject. By my blunt statement the Sadhaka realized his folly and did not, perhaps, allow any more suggestions. Disciple : Is Barin still doing yoga? Sri Aurobindo : I don't know, he used to do some sort of yoga even before I began. My yoga he took up only after coming to Pondicherry. In the Andamans also he Page 33 ...

... with Barin and his group that they were not to admit anything immediately if they were caught by the police, reminisced Nolini, one of the arrested young men. But Barin, Upen, Ullaskar, and some other senior members of the group made a full confession after Page 471 their arrest, which was taken down by L. Birley. In fact Barin's statement is quite a document. Chivalrous Barin, as... Birley would at once order all the prisoners to 'stand up'! Like a schoolmaster! Let us remind the Reader that most of the accused were very young, their age ranging from fifteen to the mid-twenties. Barin, the leader, was twenty-eight years old. A few senior leaders, like Sri Aurobindo, had crossed the threshold of thirty. They were a jolly lot. "I greatly enjoyed the laughter and the pleasantries of... Page 478 only standing before the bar of this Court but before the bar of the High Court of History." * * * Beachcroft delivered his judgment on 6 May 1909 at 11 o'clock. Barin and Ullaskar were sentenced to death, but could appeal within one week. The Appellate Court delivered its judgement on 23 November 1909, commuting their death sentences to life transportation. Their ...

... remarks. The need is in connection with the first outward work that I am under- taking after this long inner retirement. Barin has gone to Bengal and will see you in connection with it, but a word from me is necessary perhaps and therefore I send you this letter through Barin. I am giving him also a letter of authority from which you will understand the immediate nature of the need for which I have... able to maintain a centre here and one or two at least outside. I need therefore much larger resources than I at present command. I have thought that by your recommendation and influence you may help Barin to gather them for me. May I hope that you will do this for me? One word to avoid a possible misunderstanding. Long ago I gave to Motilal Roy of Chandernagore the ideas and some principles and lines ...

... long a disuse. The need is in connection with the first outward work that I am undertaking after this long inner retirement. Barin has gone to Bengal and will see you in connection with it, but a word from me is perhaps necessary and therefore I send you through Barin this letter. I am giving him also a letter of authority from which you will understand the immediate nature of the need for which... able to maintain a centre here and one or two at least outside. I need therefore much larger resources than I at present command. I have thought that by your recommendation and influence you may help Barin to gather them for me. May I hope that you will do this for me? One word to avoid a possible misunderstanding. Long ago I gave to Motilal Roy of Chandernagore the ideas and some principles and lines ...

... didn't know anybody else. Barin and I were concerned with the scheme but I didn't give it up because of any opposition. Barin was knocking about for a temple in the hills. He only got hill-fever and not the temple. The whole thing fizzled out. It was not a failure because it was never started. I knew that it wouldn't work out. It was not meant to be a success. NIRODBARAN: Barin got the conception of... of the Mandir. SRI AUROBINDO: In automatic writing. NIRODBARAN: No, in trance, Dutt says. SRI AUROBINDO: Trance? I never knew that Barin went into trance. And if he had got it in trance he would have told me. NIRODBARAN: Dutt says it was in a trance in which he had a vision of a temple on a rugged conical hill somewhere between Modhupur and Benaras. SRI AUROBINDO: The hill was near Benaras ...

... humanly capable. That does not minimize my personal responsibility which I fully accept. A. B. PURANI Names of participants in the evening talks:- From 1923 – 1926 1. Barindra Kumar Ghose 2. Nolini Kanto Gupta 3. Bijoy Kumar Nag 4. Suresh Chakravarty – "Moni" 5. K. Amrita 6. B. P. Varma – “Satyen” 7. Tirupati 8. K. Rajangam 9. Khitish Chandra Dutt ...

... Suresh Chandra 1. Railways had four classes of bogies: first, second, intermediate, and third. Page 402 Samajpati; among the young men were Barin, Satyen Bose, Abinash Bhattacharya. As a rule, Barin who was a member of the secret society, did not take part in any public affairs. But then on that very morning he had been handed a ticket for Surat and was told that he was... wryly, "It costs the people of India a lot of money to maintain the poverty of the Mahatma." In the event, this was a real third-class, and the Bengali Nationalist leaders were travelling in it. Barin says in his autobiography that he found the compartment almost like a bedlam! A deafening uproar was going on when he arrived ! Seeing the young man without any suitable clothing and shivering with... round Barin.Then he gave a packet of food to the hungry young man who thought it was near enough to be termed 'nectar ' I After such Page 403 a welcome it was natural enough for Barin to stay on in the same compartment. Now then, from one of the stations, a wonderful procedure began —at each station their carriage was flooded with garlands of flowers, luchis, sweetmeats and tea. ...

... gin what? Bengalees are a timid race but they are very desirous of being brave—Many make attempts, but few can succeed—You do a lot of work but not properly Because you do not see to the execution—Barin may try but he will not succeed when you cannot help him—My dear fellow, why try to hide yourself? I see no My dear fellow, you are cowardly and wish to conceal yourself—Brave men will do the work... able—Make Sudhir do it—No but he will do what you tell him—A good many prophecies fail— Page 1367 Yes, make a good attempt—No—You will not be overborne with the small charge of the stuff—Barin makes mistakes—Be more selfreliant— They all depend on you—If you are brave it will begin soon—My dear fellow, don't be curious Make attempts—By attempting again and again you will begin and then ...

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... search, but did not accept him as Guru, though he was confirmed by him in a belief in Yoga-power when he saw him cure Barin in almost a moment of a violent and clinging hill-fever by merely cutting through a glassful of water cross-wise with a knife while he repeated a silent mantra. Barin drank and was cured. He also met Brahmananda and was greatly impressed by him; but he had no helper or Guru in Yoga ...

... expenses from his own resources. Among Barin's varied interests was spiritualism — experiments with planchette, table-tapping, etc. Sri Aurobindo would join him on some evenings and came across some startling results. Once a spirit assuming their father's name came and said: 'I gave a gold watch to Barin when he was a child.' This was confirmed by Barin who had forgotten all about it. When Dr. Krishna... and sister Sarojini, via Deoghar and Nainital where the Gaekwad was holidaying at the time. About this time Sri Aurobindo's youngest brother, Barin, also joined him at Baroda. Because of his mother's illness and the untimely death of Dr. K.D. Chose, Barin's education had suffered, but he had managed to pass the entrance examination, then tried various occupations, including running a tea-shop (then... like the Bhavani Mandir of Bankim Chandra's Ananda Math. After training Barin, Sri Aurobindo sent him to Bengal to help Jatin Banerji in the organisation of revolutionary work and himself followed up with a visit in 1902 during the college vacation. He went to Midnapur for the first time accompanied by Jatin and Barin. There he met Hemchandra Das, the revolutionary leader. On his return to Calcutta ...

... sentences, and the publication of their daily newspapers and weekly magazines was forbidden. Barin and Ullaskar Dutt were condemned to death by hanging, but their sentence was later commuted to lifelong exile in the infamous prison of Port Blair, on the Andaman Islands, now a national monument. (Only in 1920 would Barin return to his motherland.) In the course of the trial the British prosecution had already... activity grew more and more intense. He met with like-minded people and sounded out the possibility of an openly waged freedom struggle. The collaboration with his younger brother, Barindrakumar or Barin for short, grew more frequent, and he used his holidays in Bengal for revolutionary purposes. The partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon in 1905 caused general public indignation — an atmosphere conducive... in Calcutta, 1907 He also supervised the ideological contents of another weekly, Yugantar. This was the organ of the youthful revolutionaries who clustered around Aurobindo’s younger brother Barin; impatient, they preferred acting instead of talking and wanted to accelerate the realization of their holiest aim, the liberation of Mother India, through terrorism. They were naïve and inexperienced ...

... important in the talks was recorded ^and will be incorporated in the next book of the series. Page 15 Names of participants in the evening talks : From 1923-1926  1. Barindra Kumar Ghose  2. Nolini Kanta Gupta  3. Bijoy Kumar Nag  4. Suresh Ghakravarty – "Moni"  5. K. Amrita       .  6. B. P. Varma −"Satyen"  7. Tirupati  8. K. Rajangam  9. Khitish Ghandra ...

... following days Aurobindo, accompanied by Barin, went on a visit to Baroda, the town where he had spent thirteen years of his life. On his arrival at the railway station the students of the College unyoked the horses of his carriage, in which were also seated Sakharia Swami and Barin, and pulled it in triumphant procession to the house where he was to stay. Barin had not gone to Surat to participate in... no activity of that kind there and was quite disillusioned. Aurobindo, from his side, wanted to take up yoga again and asked Barin to invite the yogi Vishnu Bhaskar Lele, whom Barin had met in September and who was then in Gwalior, to come and meet him in Baroda. Barin sent Lele a telegram and he readily complied. Suddenly Aurobindo disappeared for ten days from the hustle and din, social and political... member who appeared at Baroda was someone who would play an important role in Aurobindo’s life: his youngest brother Barindra Kumar, or Barin for short. The reader may recall that Swarnalata was pregnant during the stay of the Ghoses in Great Britain in 1879. Barin was born in Upper Norwood, a suburb of London, in January 1880. His youth up to his tenth year or so had been extremely miserable as his ...

... of one of his novels. This decision to choose my path came while I was in my Fourth Year. That I would definitely join the Gardens was conveyed to Barin by Prafulla. He had already told him about my antecedents, so one day I received a call – Barin would see me, as if at an interview for a post. Escorted by Prafulla, I arrived at his residence in Gopimohan Dutt Lane at Goabagan. This place acquired... word to Mr. Ghose – this was how he used to be called in those days at the place – saying that I had come from Barin of the Manicktolla Gardens. As I sat waiting in one of the rooms downstairs, Sri Aurobindo came down, stood' near me and gave me an inquiring look. I said, in Bengali, "Barin has sent me. Would it be possible for you to come to the Gardens with me now?" He answered very slowly, pausing... house there was a gymnasium for the young men of the neighbourhood where wrestling and boxing and all kinds of dangerous martial exercises were practised. This happened to be my first meeting with Barin. He received me with great kindness and had me seated next to him. I cannot now recall the details of the conversation we had, but perhaps there was nothing much to remember. One thing however I distinctly ...

... novels. This decision to choose my path came while I was in my Fourth Year. That I would definitely join the Gardens was conveyed to Barin by Prafulla. He had already told Page 6 him about my antecedents, so one day I received a call— Barin would see me, as if at an interview for a post. Escorted by Prafulla, I arrived at his residence in Gopimohan Dutt Lane at Goabagan. This... send word to Mr. Ghose—this was how he used to be called in those days at the place—saying that I had come from Barin of the Manicktolla Gardens. As I sat waiting in one of the rooms downstairs, Sri Aurobindo came down, stood near me and gave me an inquiring look. I said, in Bengali, "Barin has sent me. Would it be possible for you to come to the Gardens 1 I have been there once later. It ... there was a gymnasium for the young men of the neighbourhood where wrestling and boxing and all kinds of dangerous martial exercises were practised. This happened to be my first meeting with Barin. He received me with great kindness and had me seated next to him. I cannot now recall the details of the conversation we had, but perhaps there was nothing much to remember. One thing however I ...

... had a personal relationship with Dilip Kumar Roy and they exchanged letters. He spent the last years of his life in Mata Anandamayi's ashram at Bhadaini on the banks of the Ganges. 67. Barindra Kumar Ghose: Sri Aurobindo's younger brother, a revolutionary who was interned at the Andaman islands for about a decade, in the famous Alipore Bomb Case. Then lived for a few years in Pondicherry with ...

... become the capital in 1911 – and he travelled there almost every year during his holidays. These occasions he put to use for secret revolutionary activities, after a while helped by his younger brother Barin. It would be an exaggeration, though, to say that these efforts were even moderately successful. But then Lord Curzon decreed the partition of Bengal (which would ultimately lead to the formation... a full-time job in helping the National College afloat, he also supervised a revolutionary Bengali weekly, the organ of the militant extremists Yugantar (the changing age), edited by his brother Barin; he wrote for Bande Mataram , an English weekly which followed the line of the revolutionary nationalists and made Aurobindo Ghose’s voice heard throughout India; and he even found time to write a... ng”. But the British authorities knew what a dangerous man the politician Aurobindo Ghose was and they were looking for an occasion to get rid of him. This occasion came when, on 30 April 1908, Barin and his group of young militant patriots, of whom Aurobindo was the secret leader, bungled another of their bombing attempts. This time the colonial authorities came down with a heavy hand. Aurobindo ...

... 218 Benoybhusan with his wife Umarani (courtesy Smt. Lahori Chatterjee) 242 Barin's portrait of Sri Aurobindo (courtesy Smt . Lahori Chatterjee) 254 Agastya, Darasuram temple (courtesy Michel Danino) 259 Mahakali at Lalgola's temple (courtesy Soumendu Datta) 275 Barin the revolutionary (courtesy Smt. Lahori Chatterjee) 311 Sri Aurobindo in his revolutionary ...

... in two series: First Series from August 1916 to July 1918, and Second Series from August 1918 to July 1920. SABCL: Essays on the Gita, Vol. 13 22 . EVOLUTION Barindra Kumar Ghose, Calcutta, 1921 Three essays from the Arya: "Evolution", August 1915; "The Inconscient", September 1915; "Materialism'", October 1918. SABCL: The Supramental... In SABCL some of the articles are given in Volume 2 and some in Volume 3. SABCL: Karmayogin, Vol. 2 The Harmony of Virtue Vol. 3 32 . IDEALS AND PROGRESS Barindra Kumar Ghose, Calcutta, 1920 Revised Edition, Arya Publishing House, Calcutta, 1922 Five essays from the Arya: "On Ideals" (June 1916), "Yoga and Skill in Works" (July 1916), "Conservation ...

... laboratory experiment but certainly there were other possibilities too, though not as yet structured into recognisable shapes. On the other hand, in a letter of April 1920 to his brother Barindra Kumar Ghose, Sri Aurobindo was rather more communicative about his plans. There was of course no question of an immediate return to Bengal, for Pondicherry was "the appointed place" of his Yoga Siddhi ...

... instructions from me; the whole description is quite fanciful. Only a few of the prisoners had been known to me before I met them in prison; only a few who had been with Barin had practised sadhana and these were connected with Barin and would have turned to him for any help, not to me. I was carrying on my yoga during these days learning to do so in the midst of much noise and clamour but apart and... a central council of five persons, one of them being Nivedita. The work under P. Mitra spread enormously and finally contained tens of thousands of young men and the spirit of revolution spread by Barin's paper "Yugantar" became general in the young generation; but during my absence at Baroda the council ceased to exist as it was impossible to keep up agreement among the many groups. I had no occasion ...

... violent Mantra of Kali, with "Jahi Jahi" to repeat. I did so, but, as I had expected, it came to nothing. Barin at that time was trying some automatic writing. Once a spirit purporting to be that of my father came and made some prophecies. He said that he had once given a golden watch to Barin. Barin tried hard to remember and at last found that it was true. The spirit prophesied that Lord Curzon would ...

... it on the funeral pyre. It was this great sorrow that made him become a sannyasin. Sakharia Baba was very fond of Sri Aurobindo's brother Barin, who was at one time his disciple. It was Barin who had taken him to the Surat Congress. "Tall and fair," recalled Barin, "a straight body draped in an ochre robe, a shaven head, staff in hand, and hanging from his shoulder a cloth-bag ever full of sugar candy ...

... Hitherto he had been kept quite separate from us and this was the first time he came in our midst. In his room gathered all those who were interested in the spiritual life, in sadhana and meditation. Barin joined here. To the central section of the apartments came those who looked for some kind of mental culture, they were the more "intellectual" types. Here Upen took the lead and I too spent most of... what next? Must we rot in jail for the rest of our lives, say for ten years or perhaps twenty? And supposing some of us were to be hanged, that too did not seem to be a particularly desirable end. Barin got an idea: we must break out of jail. Our lives, he argued, were going to be wasted in any case, so why not do something worthwhile before we lost all? He consulted some of the others and began to... waiting. We would sail down the river and on to the Sunderbans and the deep jungle, as in the story of Debi Chowdhurani of Bankim. There were many who could not approve of this romantic plan of Barin. But I was one of the small fry and was prepared to obey orders, whatever they might be. For it had been part of our ideal in life: Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do and die: ...

... Upadhyay. Later in life he became a sannyasi (Niralamba Swami), and his wife Hiranmoyee too took sannyas (Chinmoyee Devi). Towards the end of 1901, Jatin was sent to Bengal to recruit young men. Barin states that that was six months before he himself was sent to Bengal. Jatin was also charged with setting up centres in every town and eventually in every village. "Societies of young men were to be... P. Mitter also contributed. But he got a bit disappointed at the continued quarrels among the workers. "Again a quarrel broke out, again I came and reconciled them; the whole thing went then into Barin's hands. Terrorism was only a subordinate movement. It could have been important when the armed revolution would have come, the revolution for which we wanted to prepare the whole country; and I was... that by throwing a few bombs we could overthrow the British Government. And that probably was the reason of the split among them. P. Mitter was for Page 314 the original idea while Barin was for this terrorism. I was never in direct contact with the movement nor with the young men and didn't know them. Only in jail I came in contact with them, especially Nolini, Bejoy, etc. When I came ...

... Power Page 94 why not use it for the freedom of the country? Barin used to do automatic writing at Baroda. Once the spirit of my father appeared on being called. He gave some remarkable prophecies. When asked to give proof about his identity he mentioned the fact of having given a golden watch to Barin – which none in the company knew. And then he spoke of a picture in Devdhar's house ...

... lived in Library House, there was a small garden in the front; and at the back of Library House, where there is the Prosperity and Fruit Room building now, there was a banana garden. I learnt from Barin that the front garden was under his charge and the banana garden was looked after by Mother and she took very great interest in it. Of course, there was s gardener for the manual work. After I started ...

... the Mandir, and Barin managed to recruit a group of about "a dozen or fourteen" ardent young men. Barin interviewed aspiring entrants before recruiting them, and easily communicated to them his own infectious enthusiasm for the cause. In the early days at least, Sri Aurobindo seems to have occasionally paid a visit to the Gardens; Nolini has recorded that he was once sent by Barin to bring Sri Aurobindo... tempestuous career on 12 March 1906, was run by Barin, Upen Banerjee and Debabrata Bose and promulgated, week after week, its message of revolution and advocated guerrilla warfare in unambiguous terms. Sri Aurobindo came to Calcutta soon after, took charge of the Bande Mataram, and also exercised some control over the Yugantar. Early in 1907, Barin thought that the time had come to give some practical... Bhavani Mandir scheme. The idea then had been that a Mandir should be established in a suitable spot on the hills, and in fact Barin had gone in search of such a site on Kaimur Hill near Rhotargarh on the Sone but caught malignant fever there and returned. Now it occurred to Barin that a miniature Bhavani Mandir should be started in Calcutta to translate into action the vitriolic policies propagated ...

... Undated Notes, c. January 1927 Amrita— Moses, Brihaspati, Hermes, Michael Angelo, Rudra, Pythagoras. Bijoy Child Krishna, St Jean, Kartikeya, child Vishnu Barin Nefdi. Apollo-Aryaman St Hilaire— Ramakrishna—(The Four) Kshitish Narada—Bach-Isaie Kanai Sukadeva—One of the Vital Four Tirupati One of the Vital Four Purani Trita ...

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... firing, he opened his eyes, smiled and said, "I didn't know it was so easy!" When my brother Barin and I were at Baidyanath, we used to go out with guns to shoot at birds, obviously with the idea of practising. My auntie saw us and said, "These two boys will be hanged." The prophecy almost came true, for Barin got a death-sentence. Before the Swadeshi movement started, Debabrata Bose and I went on... so we shouted at him to come back. But he took no heed, went on muttering the lines and came to us with his usual leisurely steps. When he came to India, his playing the poet dropped off. When Barin and I became politically famous, Manmohan used to say with arrogant pride, "There are only two and a half men in India. The two are my brothers and the half is Tilak." Manmohan and I used to quarrel ...

... Mother's Chronicles - Book Five 27 The National Mantra The Vindhyas, where Barin had gone in search of a temple site, are a chain of mountains that roughly divides India into North and South. Legend has it that once upon a time the mountain began to grow and grow. It grew till it pierced the sky. And then the Sun could not cross it... the night. Hence rose the Mother: With a mighty thirst, in wrath awoke the Mother; With a lion's roar filling the universe awoke the Mother To awaken the world." Barin, in a statement on 12 June 1943, recalled how Bhawani Mandir was printed. "I came to Calcutta from Baroda, with the ms. of Bhawani Mandir, written by Sri Aurobindo in English. It was printed secretly... region was not mentioned, the site had been selected near the Sone River......" Page 257 But Sri Aurobindo was never told of any definite selection of site. "In this temple," Barin stated, "devotees were to receive initiation both spiritually and politically for the delivrance of India from foreign rule. The scheme undoubtedly owed its origin to Anandamath of Bankim Chandra ...

... independence. Sri Aurobindo found his own sadhana becoming very irregular and disorganised on account of the political work. So he told Barin to arrange a meeting with someone who would help him in his sadhana. One of the disciples of Vishnu Bhaskar Lele was at Baroda. Barin had come to know about him and learnt that Lele was at that time in Gwalior. A wire was sent to Lele asking him to come to Baroda.... with the need of the guidance (or working) of the voice. In February 1908 Barin wrote a letter to Lele inviting him to Calcutta. It was considered necessary for revolutionary youths to have training in the spiritual life. It was when Lele visited Calcutta that he came to know about the secret political movement of Barin and others. He became very serious and drew their attention to the grave dangers... Sri Aurobindo met Chhotalal Purani in a private interview and explained to him a scheme for the revolutionary work by drawing a pencil sketch on a blank piece of paper. He then advised him to meet Barin who met C. B. Purani for three consecutive days, explaining to him the details of the revolutionary organisation. It was thus that the seeds were sown of that movement in Gqarat which became so well ...

... Fitts, Dudley 394       Friar, Kimon 398,401       Future Poetry, The 42, 293, 344,359,459         Gandhi, M.K. 17,19,25,28,30 Gayley, CM. 374 Ghose, Barindra Kumar 6 Ghose, Benoy Bhushan 6-7 Ghose, Krishnadhan 6 Ghose, Lotika 53 Ghose, Manomohan 6-7 Ghose, Swarnalata 6 Gide, Andre 267-268 Giradoux, Jean 268 ...

... other steps," reports Barin, adding that it was far more difficult and complicated to obtain glimpses of the Moderate leaders. The Nationalists' line of work was to mix with the masses ... "till the Indian nation is free." It did everyone's heart good to see them all sit down together to their meals irrespective of caste or religion. "One day as I sat down to my meal," relates Barin, "I saw seated side... on them; scholars have presented learned papers; numerous eyewitness accounts have been left for posterity. But for our tale we would like to borrow from the factual report of Sri Aurobindo, and Barin's and Nevinson's racy narrations. All the same, a little background briefing might help the Reader better to follow the subsequent events. 1. In this volume there have been but glancing ...

... harbour early this century 84 Rajnarain Bose in his later years (reproduced from his autobiography, courtesy the late Dr. Hara Prasad Mitra) 95 Krishna Dhan Chose (reproduced from Barin's autobiography) 104 Swarnalata with Manmohan, around 1877 (courtesy Sri Lab Kumar Bose and the late Sri Nirmal Ranjan Mitra) 107 Plaque at Khulna in memory of Dr. K. D. Chose (courtesy ...

... 17 FEBRUARY 1940 NIRODBARAN: It is reported by Dutt that, apprehensive of a big row at the Surat Congress and the risk of physical injury to you, your friends made special arrangements with Barin to keep you safe. SRI AUROBINDO: I don't know about any row. A Maratha leader—a lieutenant—came to me and asked me whether they should break the Congress. I said, "You must either swamp it or break ...

... see William Arthur Moore—how can I extend to him so extraordinary a privilege (since I see nobody) which I would not have conceded to Sarat Chatterji? Page 531 You say Barin certifies him as a bhakta—but Barin's language is apt to be vivid and exaggerated; he probably means only an admirer. I think he must be answered that certainly he would have been allowed a meeting with me if I had been... may not be subjected to exception so long as the rule is in force. If he is really a bhakta, that will give him a ray of distant hope and if he isn't, the impression made does not very much matter. Barin surely exaggerates the power of the publicist—after all he is only the editor of the Statesman —but even otherwise that is not the main consideration. By the way why have you transmogrified Moore into ...

... men with him at the time, of whom Amrita was one: "I never knew the meaning of 'surrender' until Mirra surrendered herself to me." The extremism of this declaration is confirmed by Barindra Kumar Ghose, Sri Aurobindo's youngest brother. When he had just come back from the Andamans, to which he had been banished for implication in the Alipore Bomb Conspiracy, he asked Sri Aurobindo: "the ...

... grandfather were for political purposes.] This is not correct. In these visits he was not concerned with politics. It was some years afterwards that he made a journey along with Devabrata Bose, Barin's co-adjutor in the Yugantar, partly to visit some of the revolutionary centres already formed, but also to meet leading men in the districts and find out the general attitude of the country and the ...

... he a philosopher? NIRODBARAN: I don't think so. Sisir Mitra seems to have asked him to do it. PURANI: He can begin with a story. SRI AUROBINDO: And end with a story. (Laughter) PURANI: Barin appears to have written well about the Mother in Khulna Basi. (Sri Aurobindo smiled.) NIRODBARAN: Is what he says about the Mother true? He says that what would have taken you ten years in sadhana ...

... grace and easy naturalness. The small group around Sri Aurobindo received an accession during the year with the arrival of his younger brother, Barindra (Barin), who had been released from the Andamans after the Amnesty. From Bengal, Barin had first written to Sri Aurobindo asking him for initiation into Yoga, and had been accepted but it would be Sri Aurobindo's own special way of Yoga, the Integral... s of God one hundred complete men free from petty egoism. 24 On reading the letter, Barin's soul was on fire, and the long and dreary years of tribulation in the Andamans were as nought. Sri Aurobindo, his Page 209 brother and Guru, now exercised the same magnetic pull as of old, and Barin resolutely packed his bag and arrived in Pondicherry. Then, suddenly, Nature took a hand... had spoken of a Deva Sangha in his letter of 1920 to his brother Barin: but how was it to be organised, how were the .members to be 'called'? While Pondicherry would be the headquarters of the movement (at least for the time being), should there be other centres too affiliated to the central seat of inspiration? Sri Aurobindo sent Barin to Bengal to explore the possibilities, to collect funds, and to ...

... Did Mono Mohan follow your political career? Sri Aurobindo : He was very proud of our political career. He used to say :  "There are two and a half men in India – my brother Aurobindo and Barin – two, and half is Tilak!" ( laughter) Disciple : How was Mono Mohan in England? Sri Aurobindo : He used to play the poet :  he had poetical illness and used to moan out his verses... brother? Sri Aurobindo : He was not at all poetic or imaginative. He took after my father. He was very practical but very easy to get on with. He had fits of miserliness. The question of Barin when he came to Baroda and stayed for sometime was :  How can I stay with Khaserao or Madhave Rao for months and years without quarreling? Page 112 ...

... Page 12 (From 1900 onward, Sri Aurobindo began contacting revolutionary groups in Maharashtra and Bengal, and tried to coordinate their action with the help of his brother, Barindra Kumar Ghose, and Jatindranath Banerjee; at Sri Aurobindo's initiative, P. Mitter, Surendranath Tagore, Chittaranjan Das and Sister Nivedita soon formed the first secret council for revolutionary activities... as Rabindranath Tagore, Surendranath Banerji, Bepin Chandra Pal, Ashwini Kumar Dutt The ideal of Swadeshi, which called for the boycott of British goods, spread widely. In March, 1906, Barin Ghose with a few others started the fiery Bengali weekly, the Yugantar, to which Sri Aurobindo contributed several articles. In August, B. C. Pal launched the famous English daily, the Bande Mataram;... advocated violence to overthrow British rule in India. Page 46 (On May 2, 1908, following a failed assassination attempt on a British judge by revolutionaries belonging to Barin's secret society, Sri Aurobindo was arrested. The British were now confident of having a chance to silence forever "the most dangerous man we have to deal with at present."* While the famous Alipore ...

... pronunciation of Sanskrit is awful. SRI AUROBINDO: Yes. I remember in Barin's school he engaged a Bengali to teach Sanskrit. When the teacher left, he engaged a Hindustani teacher whose pronunciation was quite different from the Bengali way. The students found fault with his Pronunciation. I had to take great pains to convince Barin that it was the Bengali teacher who was wrong. (Sri Aurobindo related ...

... destination — Ashram — but Bihari-da did arrive. Bihari-da met Jotin-da — another native of Chittagong — who took him in, gave him a meal and took him to Barin-da. Jotin-da was then (and till his last days) incharge of the Garden Service. Barin-da arranged for Bihari-da to meet the Mother. What did Bihari-da feel or experience when he saw the Mother for the first time? When asked, he was silent... to foot it over two hills (wooded) to reach it and then walk back after dark. Bihari-da was in touch with the Ashram from the age of 16. He wrote to Sri Aurobindo and received the replies through Barin-da (Sri Aurobindo’s brother). But soon enough he felt the urge to leave everything (friends, family, etc.) and come to Pondy. This was around the year 1929. The Mother had by now taken charge of the ...

... Amiyoranjan, Kanakranjan and Robiranjan and sisters Gauri and Chobi lived close to the Mother. Manoranjan’s family too settled here since 1944. His wife Jyotsna with children — Arun, Karobi, Ashok, Runu, Barin and Madhuri consisted the family. Chittaranjan’s wife Minnie and daughter Chum also settled here. Manoranjan was a giant of a man — in more senses than one — size and in character. He was tall and... Manoranjan as it does all of us and everything. He bore all the heavy responsibilities that the Mother showered on him with courage and faith. But he had to slow down. His eldest son Arun and youngest son Barin took up the agriculture and other works. The other children of his, Ashok, Lumière (Light), Runu and Bubu were not interested in these works. (We will speak of them later for all of them are worth noting... the next brother is ill and nearly blind. But in his younger days he was a good teacher, but somewhat touchy. He was a very sensitive musician and played the flute — also in Sunilda’s orchestra. Barin the youngest brother was an exception — no music, not much good in studies, mediocre in sports. He was my classmate. But he turned out to be quite an authority in cattle-rearing and agriculture. As ...

... public face. In private he would go as far as revolution. He wanted a provincial board of control of revolution. Barin once took a bomb to him. The name of Surendranath Banerji was found in the bomb case. But as soon as Norton pronounced the name there was a "Hush, hush" and he shut up. Barin was preparing bombs at my place at Baroda, but I didn't know it. He got the formula from N. Dutt who was a very ...

... of Asvin 1350, Girija quotes a talk or a letter from Barin dated 16.7.1943. This shows that Barin and Priya Mitra were together till 1905. Therefore Girija's contention in the previous issues that Priya Mitra drifted away from Sri Aurobindo on account of Sri Aurobindo's partiality towards Barin in the quarrel between Jatin Banerji and Barin is not borne out by facts. 35. Another instance of... centre for the Bhawani Mandir scheme. The fact is, it was Barin who went to select the place and not Sri Aurobindo. Barin had also gone to the Vindhya mountains to select a centre for the Bhawani Mandir, but he returned to Baroda with hill-fever. It must be remembered that Sri Aurobindo gave Diksha for the revolutionary work not only to Barin but to Hemchandra Kanungo, Priya Mitra and others. ... time. Barin's memory in this respect is absolutely mistaken. 25. In the issue dealing with the year 1902, Girija says that Sarala Devi had gone to Baroda and therefore must have met Sri Aurobindo. This is not a way to arrive at correct facts, because persons who happen to be in the same city do not always meet. He met Sarala Devi long after in Bengal. 26. The quotation from Barin's aut ...

... think, that he got his release. At the beginning he was not only himself an ardent revolutionary but also egging others on to revolution. Barin once walked into his house, gave him a long lecture on revolution and converted him in one day! PURANI: Yes, Barin had intensity and fire at that time. Once I saw him at Baroda with my brother. They were discussing revolutionary plans. I saw that fire in ...

... far and I came to a point beyond which I couldn't proceed further. I gave it up and fell dangerously ill! I was on the point of death. I asked Barin if he knew anyone who could help me in Yoga. This was in Surat where I had attended the Surat Congress. Barin knew of Lele who was in Gwalior. He wired to him and asked him to meet us at Baroda. Pranayama had given me good health, a lot of poetry and various ...

... were indeed wise, would it not be worthwhile to take a closer look at what they had found so interesting? On one occasion he himself had witnessed how a wandering sadhu (monk) had cured his brother Barin’s fever by muttering some words, drawing with a knife a crosswise figure in a glass of water, and making his brother drink it. He had met the great yogi Swami Brahmananda of the Ganga Math in Chandod... his life. Shortly after the Surat conference, Aurobindo went to Baroda to meet some of his former friends and acquaintances and to reconnoitre the political lay of the land. There he met, through Barin, the tantric yogi Vishnu Bhaskar Lele, and they withdrew to the attic of the house where Aurobindo was staying. There Lele was astounded to see that Aurobindo obtained in three days one of the mightiest ...

... about a great influx of Power and unfortunately people are attracted to it. In the spiritual, psychic and even mental sadhana, Power can come but it comes automatically, without one's asking for it. Barin was another Z, with a powerful vital. At one time I had high hopes for him, but people whose sadhana is on the vital basis pass into what I have called the Intermediate Zone, and they don't want to... to go beyond. The vital is like a jungle and it is extremely difficult to rescue one with such a vital power. It is comparatively much easier to help those who are weak and lacking in such power. Barin used to think that he had put himself in the Divine's hands and the Divine was in him. We had to be severe with him to disillusion him of his idea. That's why he could not remain here. He went back and ...